Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of LPL gene and its impact in fibrate therapy in hypertriglyceridemic patients.

Identifying new genetic variants linked to plasma lipoprotein-lipid concentrations is of significant public health importance, as it can aid in developing genetic markers for CVD risk assessment, diagnosis, and prognosis. Our work aimed to investigate the relationship between lipoprotein lipase (LPL) genetic polymorphisms and hyperlipidemia in Pakistani population. To achieve this goal, 400 blood samples were obtained.

Therapeutic potential of Solanum surattense against hepatitis C virus in liver hepatoma cells.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes chronic liver disease (CLD) and severe morbidity and mortality worldwide. For chronically infected HCV patients, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are the standard therapy. HCV treatment is still hindered by drug resistance due to resistance-associated substitutions (RASs).

Novel Noninvasive Serum Biomarkers for Prompt Diagnosis of Breast Carcinoma.

Immune cell infiltration is associated with improved prognosis in the microenvironment of breast cancer. The incidence of breast cancer in Pakistan is 2.5 times higher than that in neighboring countries of Asia, accounting for 34.

Anti-arthritic and toxicological evaluation of ethanolic extract of in rats.

In many developing countries, medicinal plants have long been used for therapeutic purposes due to their low cost and toxicity. This study evaluated the safety and anti-arthritic potential of ethanolic extract (ABEE) Acute oral toxicity (OECD 425) was tested in the safety evaluation. A limit test was used to identify the LD value.

Proteome based mapping and reverse vaccinology techniques to contrive multi-epitope based subunit vaccine (MEBSV) against Streptococcus pyogenes.

Streptococcus pyogenes is a root cause of human infection like pharyngitis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever, impetigo, and respiratory tract infections. About 11 million individuals in the US suffer from pharyngitis every year. Unfortunately, no vaccine against S.

SNP of HMGCR and Apo E genes and their impact in response to statin therapy in hypercholesterolemic and hypertriglyceridemic patients in Pakistan.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) and the problems associated with it are the most prominent causes of death in the whole world. Statins are accustomed to lower lipid levels in CAD patients. The target of this study was to analyze whether or not common variations in HMGCoA Reductase (HMGCR) and Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genes are responsible for metabolism of lipid and statin that modify the impact of statins on serum level of lipids and lipoprotein concentrations in Coronary heart disease patients.

The prospects of antimicrobial coated medical implants.

The implants are increasingly being a part of modern medicine in various surgical procedures for functional or cosmetic purposes. The progressive use of implants is associated with increased infectious complications and prevention of such infections always remains precedence in the clinical settings. The preventive approaches include the systemic administration of antimicrobial agents before and after the surgical procedures as well as the local application of antibiotics.

Platelet storage pool disorder: multidisciplinary planning in pregnancy.

A 32-year old primigravida woman presented for antenatal care giving a history that her mother had platelet storage pool disorder (PSPD). The patient was subsequently diagnosed with PSPD during her pregnancy and had a caesarean delivery for breech presentation at 39 weeks. In this paper, we discuss the basic science, inheritance pattern, symptoms and management of this condition, alongside the antenatal and intrapartum and postnatal management specific to it, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach to care.

Formulation and Evaluation of a Clove Oil-Encapsulated Nanofiber Formulation for Effective Wound-Healing.

Wound-healing is complicated process that is affected by many factors, especially bacterial infiltration at the site and not only the need for the regeneration of damaged tissues but also the requirement for antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activity at the injured site. The objective of the present study was to develop and evaluate the natural essential oil-containing nanofiber (NF) mat with enhanced antibacterial activity, regenerative, non-cytotoxic, and wound-healing potential. Clove essential oil (CEO) encapsulated in chitosan and poly-ethylene oxide (PEO) polymers to form NFs and their morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that confirmed the finest NFs prepared with a diameter of 154 ± 35 nm.

Binary inclusion complexes of diflunisal with β-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin: Preparation and characterization.

Low aqueous solubility and bioavailability is the limiting factor to achieve desired therapeutic efficacy for variety of new and existing drug moieties. The goal of the present study was to explore the effects of β-cyclodextrin (βCD) and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) on the solubility and dissolution profile of diflunisal (DIF) prepared by using two different methods (physical mixing and solvent evaporation) at DIF-cyclodextrins weight ratios of 1:1, 1:2 and 1:4. The phase solubility studies demonstrated that DIF solubility increased proportionally with an increase in βCD and HPβCD concentration.

In vitro Characterization and Release Studies of Combined Nonionic Surfactant-Based Vesicles for the Prolonged Delivery of an Immunosuppressant Model Drug.

Background: Cyclosporine A (CsA) is an exceptional immunosuppressant used for the treatment of immune disorders. Niosomal vesicles are promising drug carriers that are formed by self-association of nonionic surfactants and cholesterol in an aqueous phase. The objective of the study was to formulate combined nonionic surfactant based vesicles and to evaluate their in vitro characterization, release studies and in vivo studies.

Chemical Composition and Bioactivities of Essential Oil from Leaves of Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels Native to Punjab, Pakistan.

Herbal medicines are widely used for the treatment of different types of diseases like skin and throat infections and other diseases in developing countries. Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels fruit, leaves and bark were used for the remedies of different diseases anciently.

Development of 99mTc-SDP-choline SPECT radiopharmaceutical for imaging of cerebrovascular diseases.

Cerebrovascular diseases are known as serious public health problem worldwide, which can be addressed more precisely through molecular imaging of non-functional brain cells. CDP-choline is an active cerebrovascular chemotherapeutic agent that can be used for diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases post radiolabeling with γ-emitter radioisotopes. In this study we developed Tc labeled CDP-choline for imaging of cerebrovascular diseases particularly alzheimer, stroke, and parkinson's diseases.

Computational screening of phytochemicals against survivin protein: A potent target for cancer.

Survivin (IAP proteins) is considered as a significant target for anticancer drug research owing to its upregulation in tumor cells to mediate resistance to apoptotic stimulus. The current study aimed to investigate phytochemicals as inhibitors of survivin with caspases to reactivate the functioning of caspases through molecular docking. The compounds namely 2(R), 4(R)-dihydroxypyrrolidine, 4-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,1-dioxo-3,4-dihydrothieno[3,2-e]thiazine-6-sulfonamide, 2,3-Diketo-L-gulonic acid, (3-hydroxy-2-octadeca-9,12-dienoyloxypropyl) octadecanoate, 2-[[4-[[4-[(4-formamido-1-methylimidazole-2-carbonyl)amino]-1-methylimidazole-2-carbonyl]amino]-1-methylimidazole-2-carbonyl]amino]ethyl-dimethylazanium, Picolinic acid and (2-Hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl) dihydrogen phosphate successfully bind inside the pocket of survivin.

Effects of chelating agents on heavy metals in Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) patients.

Heavy metals are released into the environment through both human and natural sources, may have a direct hepatic toxicity and are involved in chronic liver diseases. Modification in the regulation of heavy metals metabolism enhanced hepatitis c virus (HCV) replication which ultimately reduced outcomes of anti-viral therapy in chronic HCV patients. Chelation therapy with new drugs seems to eradicate HCV and may prevent liver complications.

Phytochemical analysis and hepatoprotective effect of polyherbal formulation on CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in mice.

The potent phytotherapeutic modalities against the hepatotoxicity have motivated us to explore numerous plants and polyherbal preparations because conventional drug discovery is more expensive and tedious. So, this study was conducted to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of a polyherbal formulation (PHF), comprising of Solanum nigrum, Silybum marianum, Atrmesia absinthium, Achillea millifolium and Cichorium intybus against carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity in experimental rats. CCl4intoxicationinduced vacuole formation and fastdegeneration so selective liver enzymes including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkalinephosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin in rat's plasma,as well as liver histological architecture, were used to evaluate the effect of herbal treatments with different doses (ranging 100-500 mg/kg) for two weeks.

Analysis of toll-like receptors-9 (TLR9) gene polymorphism (rs5743836) in Pakistani patients with HCV.

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are innate immune receptors that mediate the inflammatory response during HCV infections. The goal of this study was to evaluate the association of TLR9 gene polymorphism (rs5743836) in Pakistani patients infected with genotype 3a of HCV. Total 500 subjects were recruited, 400 HCV patients and 100 healthy individuals.

Effect of caffeine on anti-clotting activity of warfarin in healthy male albino rabbits.

Drug-drug interactions are most commonly occurring phenomenon in clinical practice. Many physicians are afraid of being involved in an allegation of malpractices due to the occurrence of any severe interaction. These interactions not only occur between drugs but also between any kind of food, tobacco smoke, caffeine and alcohol etc.

Diagnosis of hepatitis C in pregnant mothers and its transfer pattern in neonates.

Hepatitis is the most common liver diseases in the Pakistan caused by blood-borne infection of HCV. Viral transmission is frequent through blood contact. Vertical transmission is transfer of disease from mother to infant.

Acidic and enzymatic saccharification of waste agricultural biomass for biotechnological production of xylitol.

Background: The plant biomass and agro-industrial wastes show great potential for their use as attractive low cost substrates in biotechnological processes. Wheat straw and corn cob as hemicellulosic substrates were acid hydrolyzed and enzymatically saccharified for high xylose production. The hydrolysate was concentrated and fermented by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Kluyveromyces for production of xylitol.

Seed priming by sodium nitroprusside improves salt tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) by enhancing physiological and biochemical parameters.

The germination, seedling vigor, crop establishment and yield of agronomically important crops is negatively affected by soil salinity. The current study aimed to investigate the ability of exogenous fertigation by sodium nitroprusside (SNP) to induce salt tolerance in four high yielding wheat cultivars (Sahar-06, Punjab-11, Millat-11 and Galaxy-13) that differ in their response to salt stress in terms of biomass production, oxidative defense mechanisms and grain yield. Three levels of SNP (0, 0.

Risk factors of neonatal mortality in Faisalabad, Pakistan.

The objective of study was to find out major correlates of neonatal mortality. The main focus was in determining the impact of different demographic and health related characteristics of neonates and their mothers. A planned questionnaire was prepared in order to collect the information from mothers of newborns.

Therapeutic effect of atorvastatin on kidney functions and urinary excretion of Glimepiride in healthy adult human male subjects.

Glimepiride and atorvastatin in combination are commonly employed for treating the hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, respectively, in patients of type 2 diabetes. The present study was designed to find out the influence of atorvastatin on urinary excretion and renal clearance of Glimepiride in healthy adult male volunteers. In each experimental subject, Glimepiride 2mg was given orally after an overnight fasting.

A review on synthesis, properties and applications of natural polymer based carrageenan blends and composites.

Carrageenan is a natural polysaccharide extracted from edible red seaweeds of Rhodophycea class. It has been used as a viscosity increasing or gelling agent for prolonged and controlled drug release, food, pharmaceuticals and other industries. However, in spite of wide range of applications, carrageenan has some drawbacks and adverse effects on the biological systems, so its modifications with natural and synthetic polymers are carried out.

Starch based polyurethanes: A critical review updating recent literature.

Recent advancements in material science and technology made it obvious that use of renewable feed stock is the need of hour. Polymer industry steadily moved to get rid of its dependence on non-renewable resources. Starch, the second largest occurring biomass (renewable) on this planet provides a cheap and eco-friendly way to form huge variety of materials on blending with other biodegradable polymers.