Disinfection by-products in indoor swimming pools: A critical review to prioritize commonly occurring species and influencing factors.

Despite the reported occurrence of several disinfection by-products (DBPs) in swimming pools, it is challenging to identify important DBP species due to strewn and conflicting information about their occurrence and importance in the literature. There is a need to provide clear direction and decisive information to support regulators' and pool facilities' efforts to control DBPs. In this review, alongside providing detailed occurrence data, we have developed a novel prioritization approach to classify DBPs as Tier-1 (critical priority), Tier-2 (medium priority), and Tier-3 (low-priority) DBPs in chlorinated indoor swimming pools (ISPs).

Immediate effects of muscle energy technique on pain and range of motion in patients with chronic non-specific neck pain: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To determine the immediate effects of muscle energy technique and conventional physical therapy compared to conventional physical therapy alone on pain and range of motion (ROM) in patients with chronic mechanical neck pain.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was conducted at Physical Therapy Department Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar from March 2022 to August 2022. A total of 50 subjects, aged 18 to 50 years with non-specific neck pain for ≥ 3 months were included.

Unveiling the Structural Stability and Optoelectronic Properties of Pristine and Janus Monolayers.

The versatile and tunable elemental composition of the monolayer-based two-dimensional (2D) MAZ family (M is an early transition metal, A is Si or Ge, and Z is N, P, or As) has garnered significant attention in the optoelectronic applications. In this work, we have designed novel phosphorus and arsenic based tungsten digermanium monolayers (WGeP and WGeAs), and their Janus phase (WGeAsP), respectively. We explored both the 2H and 1T phases for all three structures, finding that the 1T phase is energetically unfavorable and dynamically unstable based on total energy and phonon calculations.

Energy advancements and integration strategies in hydrogen and battery storage for renewable energy systems.

The long term and large scale energy storage operations require quick response time and round-trip efficiency, which are not feasible with conventional battery systems. To address this issue while endorsing high energy density, long term storage, and grid adaptability, the hydrogen energy storage (HES) is preferred. This proposed work makes a comprehensive review on HES while synthesizing recent research on energy storage technologies and integration into renewable energy (RE) applications.

Assessing the Spread of the Sport of Padel and the Prevalence and Causes of Injuries Among Padel Players.

Objectives: To study the prevalence of injuries among padel players in Madinah and investigate potential causes. This study makes an attempt to add to the gaps in the literature regarding injury risks and preventive strategies in this fast-growing sport.

Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study on 305 padel players who come from Madinah, consisting of 193 men and 112 women aged 18-40 years.

Effects of Process Parameters on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Additively Manufactured Carbon Black Particles-Reinforced Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composite Samples.

Additive manufacturing (AM) techniques make fabricating complex designs, prototypes, and end-user products possible. Conductive polymer composites find applications in flexible electronics, sensor fabrication, and electrical circuits. In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)-based conductive polymer composite samples were fabricated via fused filament fabrication (FFF).

Facile Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Insights into Electrochemical and Photoelectrochemical Catalysis.

Implementing a hydrogen economy on an industrial scale poses challenges, particularly in developing cost-effective and stable catalysts for water electrolysis. This study explores the catalytic potential of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) synthesized via a simple chemical bath deposition method for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The successful fabrication of Se-NPs on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrodes has been confirmed using a wide range of analytical tools like X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy.

Investigating impact of in-process cooling mediums on microstructural and mechanical properties of FSWed AA2219 T6 joints.

This study investigates the influence of various in-process cooling techniques on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of the friction stir-welded AA-2219-T6 alloy. The in-process cooling methods used include normal air, dry fan, an oil-water mixture (20:80), and water. The primary objective is to determine the optimal cooling strategy for enhancing the quality of the weldment.

Interfacial Engineering of Polymer Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolytes and Li-Metal Anode: Current Status and Future Directions.

A combination of material innovations, advanced manufacturing, battery management systems, and regulatory standards is necessary to improve the energy density and safety of lithium (Li) batteries. High-energy-density solid-state Li-batteries have the potential to revolutionize industries and technologies, making them a research priority. The combination of improved safety and compatibility with high-capacity electrode materials makes solid-stateLi-batteries with polymer solid-electrolytes an attractive option for applications where energy density and safety are critical.

Impact on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in a Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model.

This study was conducted to assess the possible antidiabetic potential of by employing as well as assessments. The dried plant material was extracted in methanol, ethanol, and water. The in vitro results showed that the ethanolic extract (EthCb) was found to have higher antioxidant and antidiabetic potential as compared with the aqueous (AqCb) and methanolic extracts (MthCb) so it was further evaluated in the in vivo trial using a diabetic rat model.

A Novel Variant Causes Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia in a Consanguineous Pakistani Family.

Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) is characterized by unsteady gait, motor incoordination, speech impairment, abnormal eye movement, progressive spasticity and lower limb weakness. Spastic paraplegia 75 (SPG75) results from a mutation in the gene that encodes myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG). Only a limited number of variants associated with SPG75 in families of European, Middle Eastern, North African, Turkish and Palestinian ancestry have been documented so far.

Extract as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Reversing Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in a Rat Model.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy, a severe diabetic complication, impairs heart function, leading to heart failure. Treatment that effectively addresses this condition without causing side effects is urgently needed. Current anti-hyperglycemic therapies are expensive, has side effects and do not effectively prevent cardiac remodeling.

Microstructural and mechanical characterization of electron beam welded low-nickel nitrogen-strengthened austenitic stainless steel.

In this paper, the Electron Beam Welding (EBW) was used to join thin plates of low-nickel nitrogen-strengthened austenitic stainless steel (LNiASS), a material valued for its superior mechanical properties and cost-effectiveness. Traditional welding techniques often lead to issues such as hot cracking, reduced toughness, and undesirable microstructures. The objective was to address these challenges using EB·W.

Shoulder muscle weakness and proprioceptive impairments in type 2 diabetes mellitus: exploring correlations for improved clinical management.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder with systemic implications, potentially affecting musculoskeletal health. This study aimed to assess shoulder muscle strength and joint repositioning accuracy in individuals with T2DM, exploring potential correlations and shedding light on the musculoskeletal consequences of the condition. The objectives were two-fold: (1) to assess and compare shoulder strength and joint repositioning accuracy between individuals with T2DM and asymptomatic counterparts, and (2) to examine the correlation between shoulder strength and joint repositioning accuracy in individuals with T2DM.

Cervical Health Parameters in Car Drivers: Assessing the Influence of Driving on Neck Pain, Mobility, Proprioception and Craniovertebral Angle - A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: Prolonged sitting during driving is linked to neck pain, uncomfortable body positions, and repetitive motions. Recognizing these challenges, this study aimed to investigate Cervical Health Parameters in Car Drivers.

Methods: The sample consisted of 160 car drivers between 25 and 45 years.

Turning trash into treasure: Torrefaction of mixed waste for improved fuel properties. A case study of metropolitan city.

Solid waste management is one of the biggest challenges of the current era. The combustible fractions in the waste stream turn out to be a good energy source if converted into refuse-derived fuel. Researchers worldwide are successfully converting it into fuel.

Density Functional Theory Study of the Spin-Orbit Insulating Phase in SnTe Cubic Nanowires: Implications for Topological Electronics.

We investigate the electronic, structural, and topological properties of the SnTe and PbTe cubic nanowires using calculations. Using standard and linear-scale density functional theory, we go from the ultrathin limit up to the nanowire thicknesses observed experimentally. Finite-size effects in the ultrathin limit produce an electric quadrupole and associated structural distortions; these distortions increase the band gap, but they get reduced with the size of the nanowires and become less and less relevant.

Clinical and Molecular Spectrum of Autosomal Recessive CA8-Related Cerebellar Ataxia.

Background: Based on a limited number of reported families, biallelic CA8 variants have currently been associated with a recessive neurological disorder named, cerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium syndrome 3 (CAMRQ-3).

Objectives: We aim to comprehensively investigate CA8-related disorders (CA8-RD) by reviewing existing literature and exploring neurological, neuroradiological, and molecular observations in a cohort of newly identified patients.

Methods: We analyzed the phenotype of 27 affected individuals from 14 families with biallelic CA8 variants (including data from 15 newly identified patients from eight families), ages 4 to 35 years.

Awareness regarding breast cancer amongst women in Pakistan: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Breast cancer (BCa) is the most common cause of cancer death in Pakistan. In 2019, Pakistan saw the highest global BCa-associated death rate. But do Pakistani women know about the various aspects of BCa? And how prevalent are BCa screening methods amongst Pakistani females? These questions formed the basis for our study.

Hydrochemical, hydrogeological, and cancer health risk analysis of groundwater due to anthropogenic activities, Hasilpur, Pakistan.

Drinking water quality deteriorates rapidly due to anthropogenic activities and rapid population growth. These activities, in developing countries, will lead to water scarcity. In Pakistan, 70% of the population has no access to safe water, and people use canal water to drink.