Multi-scale Data Improves Performance of Machine Learning Model for Long COVID Prediction.

Long COVID affects a substantial proportion of the over 778 million individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2, yet predictive models remain limited in scope. While existing efforts, such as the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C), have leveraged electronic health record (EHR) data for risk prediction, accumulating evidence points to additional contributions from social, behavioral, and genetic factors. Using a diverse cohort of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals (n>17,200) from the NIH All of Us Research Program, we investigated whether integrating EHR data with survey-based and genomic information improves model performance.

Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Saline for the Treatment of Vulvar Lichen Sclerosus: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Vulvar lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic relapsing dermatosis commonly affecting the anogenital region in postmenopausal women, though it can affect people of any age and sex. The current gold standard treatment is lifelong topical steroid application to reduce symptoms and prevent the progression of disease, causing irreversible architectural change to the vulval tissue. LS is associated with decreased quality of life and increased risk of vulvar neoplasia.

Site-Specific Adaptation of an Inpatient Patient Navigator Program at 2 Children's Hospitals.

Objective: The Family Bridge Program was developed at a single pediatric hospital to improve outcomes for hospitalized children from families of color, who are low income, or who speak a language other than English. The program uses a family navigator ("Guide") that supports families via 6 service domains: Language Access, Orientation to the Hospital, Communication Preferences and Coaching, Addressing Unmet Social Needs, Supportive Check-Ins, and Discharge Follow-Up. This study describes an analysis to translate the program to a second pediatric hospital.

Comparison of Foundation and Supervised Learning-Based Models for Detection of Referable Glaucoma from Fundus Photographs.

Purpose: To compare the performance of a foundation model and a supervised learning-based model for detecting referable glaucoma from fundus photographs.

Design: Evaluation of diagnostic technology.

Participants: 6,116 participants from the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services Teleretinal Screening Program.

Elevated Toxic Element Emissions from Popular Disposable E‑Cigarettes: Sources, Life Cycle, and Health Risks.

The rapidly evolving market of disposable e-cigarettes poses unknown health risks to adolescents and young adults. We report excessive emissions of toxic metallic elements in aerosols from flavored and "clear" versions of three popular products (Esco Bar, Flum Pebble, and ELF Bar), orders of magnitude higher in concentration than traditional cigarettes and other e-cigarettes. Heating coil elements (chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni)) likely leached into e-liquids and aerosols from coil degradation during use, increasing up to 1000-fold in concentration over the device life.

Radar-Based Detection of Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Diagnostic Accuracy Across Frequency Bands.

: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most prevalent yet underdiagnosed sleep disorders. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of radar-based systems and ranked frequency bands for the non-contact detection of OSA. : A systematic search of six databases was conducted from inception to May 23, 2025.

Assessing Annoyance and Sleep Disturbance Related to Changing Aircraft Noise Context: Evidence from Tan Son Nhat Airport.

This study examines the impact of aircraft noise on annoyance and sleep disturbances among residents near Tan Son Nhat Airport in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, from 2019 to 2023. It aims to assess the specific effects of aircraft noise exposure on sleep quality, as well as changes in exposure due to reduced air traffic during the COVID-19 pandemic. Surveys conducted before and during the pandemic revealed that, despite lower noise levels, residents continued to report high levels of annoyance, indicating a complex exposure-response relationship.

Application of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Gynaecologic Disorders: A Scoping Review.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy is a non-invasive, autologous treatment with regenerative potential in gynaecology beyond fertility applications. This review evaluates PRP in non-fertility-related gynaecological conditions affecting women's quality of life (QoL). Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we searched Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, CENTRAL, and MEDLINE for studies on PRP in conditions such as vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS), vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA), sexual dysfunction (SD), stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS).

Role of Long Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetases in MASH-driven Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Ferroptosis.

Metabolic-associated steatohepatitis-driven hepatocellular carcinoma (MASH-HCC) incidence is rapidly rising worldwide. Lipid metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of solid tumors to satisfy cancer high metabolic demand. However, it may confer sensitivity to ferroptosis, a cell death mode driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation.

Visible light-driven photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B and 5-fluorouracil using ZIF-8/GO: unveiling mechanisms.

The removal of pharmaceutical and organic contaminants from wastewater remains a pressing challenge for conventional treatment technologies. In this study, a novel photocatalyst composed of Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 (ZIF-8) nanocrystals integrated with a graphene oxide (GO) matrix was developed a facile interfacial synthesis approach. The structural and morphological properties of the resulting ZIF-8/GO composite were characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy.

Effects of recombination on multi-drug resistance evolution in Plasmodium falciparum malaria.

When multiple beneficial alleles at multiple loci are present in a population but not linked together in any one individual, there is no general evolutionary result that determines whether recombination will speed up or slow down the emergence and evolution of genotypes carrying multiple beneficial alleles. Translated to infectious disease control, this evolutionary uncertainty means that when multiple types of drug resistance are present we do not know whether recombination will act more strongly to (1) bring together single-resistant genotypes into multi-drug resistant (MDR) genotypes, or (2) break apart MDR genotypes into single-resistant genotypes. In this paper, we introduce a new version of an established and validated individual-based malaria transmission model where we have added 25 drug-resistance related loci, individual mosquito bites, and mosquitoes feeding on multiple hosts in a single meal (interrupted feeds) allowing for recombination events of different Plasmodium falciparum genotypes from different hosts.

Synthesis, evaluation of cytotoxic activity, and studies of some 3-methylenamino-4(3)-quinazolone derivatives.

A series of 3-methylenamino-4(3)-quinazolone derivatives were synthesized by imine formation reactions of 3-amino-6-chloro-2-phenyl-4(3)-quinazolone with various substituted aromatic aldehydes at 80 °C for 1-3 hours using the reflux method. Twenty 3-methylenamino-4(3)-quinazolone derivatives were synthesized with good to excellent yields (66 to 90%). Compound 5 (2-chloro-6-fluorobenzylidene) exhibited good cytotoxic activity against the RD cell line with an IC value of 14.

The role of serological testing for vaccination with a focus on immunocompromised patients: a synthesis of current evidence.

Immunocompromised individuals are at high risk of vaccine-preventable diseases, but typically have impaired immune responses to vaccination and require altered vaccination schedules. Serological testing can inform vaccination decisions in this vulnerable population, but is frequently ordered inappropriately. Furthermore, misinterpretion of serological results can misguide clinical decisions.

Interface engineering of defected earth-abundant transition metal oxo-phospho-selenide-derived electrocatalyst for high-performance AEM water electrolysis.

This study introduces a cost-effective, high-performance electrocatalyst based on non-noble metals for anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE), crucial for sustainable hydrogen production. We describe a NiMn-oxo-phospho-selenide (NiMn-OPSe) catalyst, synthesized via a simple two-step method involving hydrothermal synthesis and controlled phospho-selenization. This approach combines morphology control, interface engineering, coordination tuning, and defect engineering, resulting in a needle-like structure that optimizes charge-transfer pathways and tunes the electronic structure, thereby enhancing catalytic performance.

Real-World Single-Center Experience with Neoadjuvant Gemcitabine, Cisplatin, and Durvalumab in Borderline Resectable Cholangiocarcinoma.

Background: Gemcitabine, cisplatin, and durvalumab (GCD) have previously demonstrated favorable outcomes in advanced cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), leading to their approval as first-line therapy. This study evaluates the feasibility of GCD for borderline resectable CCA in the neoadjuvant setting.

Patients And Methods: Patients with borderline resectable CCA receiving neoadjuvant GCD between April 2022 and July 2024 were included.

Dynamics of endemic virus re-emergence in children in the USA following the COVID-19 pandemic (2022-23): a prospective, multicentre, longitudinal, immunoepidemiological surveillance study.

Background: The Pandemic Response Repository through Microbial and Immune Surveillance and Epidemiology (PREMISE) programme was established to translate knowledge gained from global immunoepidemiological surveillance into a better understanding of population-level dynamics of emerging and re-emerging infections, as well as into the discovery and development of biomedical countermeasures against potential pandemic threats. As proof of principle for this approach, we conducted a longitudinal immunoepidemiological study in children in the USA, focusing on enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infection dynamics but also capturing surveillance of a broad array of other endemic respiratory pathogens. Serendipitously, our sampling spanned the lifting of widespread COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) in 2022-23, following a unique period during which virus exposure markedly diminished.

Clinical and Safety Outcomes Following Endovascular Treatment For Large Ischemic Core Stroke With Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score 3-5 in the 12-24-Hour Time Window.

Introduction: Although efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment (EVT) for large-core ischemic stroke have been proven, most trials used perfusion imaging or included early-window patients, limiting generalizability to the late window, particularly in developing countries.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the safety and functional outcomes of EVT in large-core stroke patients treated between 12-24 hours (late window) from last known well (LKW).

Methods: We conducted a prospective, multicenter observational study across four comprehensive stroke centers in Vietnam, enrolling consecutive patients who underwent EVT within 24 hours of symptom onset between August 2023 and September 2024.

Fibroma of tendon sheath extending to the radiocarpal joint with median nerve compression: A case report.

Rationale: Fibroma of tendon sheath (FTS) is a rare benign tumor arising from the synovial membrane of the tendon sheath. It seldom causes peripheral nerve compression or extends into a synovial joint. We report an unusual case of FTS within the radiocarpal joint, compressing the median nerve and leading to secondary changes in the radius and scapholunate joint.

Conversion to Resection After Neoadjuvant Gemcitabine, Cisplatin, and Nab-Paclitaxel for Borderline Resectable CCA: A Real-World Exploratory Analysis.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and clinical outcomes of neoadjuvant triplet therapy with gemcitabine, cisplatin, and nab-paclitaxel (GAP) for patients with borderline resectable cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Given the surgical complexity associated with borderline resectable disease, the study sought to explore whether GAP could serve as a suitable neoadjuvant regimen to enable conversion to resection and improve prognosis in this high-risk setting.

Methods: The study enrolled patients with borderline resectable CCA receiving neoadjuvant GAP between July 2019 and February 2024.

Comparative diagnostic performance of the early-stage ovarian malignancy score versus other risk prediction models in early-stage ovarian cancer: A Vietnamese prospective cohort study.

Objective: This study compares the diagnostic performance of the early-stage ovarian malignancy (EOM) score against other risk prediction models for identifying early-stage ovarian cancer.

Methods: This prospective cohort study involved 925 cases from the obstetrics and gynecology departments of two tertiary hospitals from May 2018 to December 2023. The data included gynecologic examination and/or ultrasound findings, menopausal status, ultrasonography features, serum CA125, and HE4 values, which were used to calculate the EOM score and compare it with other algorithms.

Managing hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence after liver transplantation: emerging role of immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Despite adherence to transplantation selection criteria, such as the Milan criteria, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) occurs in 8-20% of cases. This highlights the need for improved patient selection strategies and better post-LT management to mitigate recurrence risks. This narrative review explores current approaches for managing HCC recurrence post-LT, with a focus on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Titania Nanopores as Photoelectrocatalysts for Coupling Hydrogen Production with Plastic Reformation.

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting offers a sustainable pathway for solar-to-chemical energy conversion, yet its efficiency is often limited by sluggish water oxidation and the generation of low-value oxygen. Here, the use of engineered titania nanopore (TNP) films is reported, fabricated via anodization and thermal annealing, as co-catalyst-free photoanodes for coupling hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) reformation into high-value formate. By tuning the crystallographic phase of TiO from amorphous to anatase and rutile, the optimized anatase-phase electrode exhibits excellent PEC performance in a two-electrode configuration, achieving a high steady-state photocurrent density of [2.

Mobile-bearing versus Medial-pivot Designs in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-analysis.

Background: Mobile-bearing (MB) and medial-pivot (MP) prostheses are the two popular designs used in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), yet their long-term outcomes remain controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to determine whether there are any differences in outcomes between patients who receive these two prostheses in TKA.

Method: We comprehensively searched electronic databases up to November 2024.

Unlocking the algae toolbox: Cutting-edge tools for environmental and biotechnological solutions.

Algae are highly adaptable photosynthetic organisms with growing relevance in biotechnology, environmental management, and sustainable industries. Recent advancements have expanded the "Algae Toolbox", integrating cutting-edge screening, monitoring, characterization, and large-scale production technologies. This current work critically examines the latest developments in algal research, including CRISPR-Cas9 genetic engineering, high-throughput omics, machine learning-driven modeling, and remote sensing-based ecosystem monitoring.