Age-related nitrate-induced testicular toxicity in albino rats and its amelioration with ascorbic acid and curcumin.

The sub-chronic testicular toxicity of nitrate in immature and mature albino rats and its amelioration with ascorbic acid and curcumin was studied. Rats were divided into five groups: control, nitrate, nitrate + ascorbic acid, nitrate + curcumin and nitrate + ascorbic acid + curcumin. Nitrate at 250 mg/L in drinking water and ascorbic acid and curcumin at 100 mg/kg body weight were provided to rats for 42 days.

Ascidiolides, nitrogenous phthalides from the solitary ascidian from the Northeastern Atlantic, and structural revision of the closely related ascidines.

As part of our investigation into the chemical diversity of Irish marine invertebrates, we identified the solitary ascidian as a promising organism. A fractionated extract from this organism exhibited toxicity in a brine shrimp assay and its chemical profiling indicated the presence of an unknown family of highly unsaturated nitrogenous metabolites. The targeted isolation and NMR based structural elucidation of members of this family led to the identification of four new phthalide derivatives, named ascidiolides A-D (1-4).

Current matched all perovskite tandem solar cells with low lead perovskites achieving 31.9% efficiency and enhanced stability.

Multilayer tandem solar cells emerge as a transformative solution, leveraging multiple absorber layers with optimized bandgaps to capture and convert a broader spectrum of sunlight. This layered architecture overcomes the efficiency limitations of single-junction solar cells by minimizing transparency and thermalization losses while maximizing photon utilization across the solar spectrum. Although hybrid perovskites have demonstrated exceptional photovoltaic performance, their dependence on organic components often results in stability challenges under varying environmental conditions.

Impact of Antimicrobial Strategies on the Success of Vital Pulp Therapy: A Systematic Review.

Background: Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is a conservative treatment for deep carious lesions in young permanent teeth. Antimicrobial agents are commonly used to reduce bacterial load and prevent secondary infections.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to assess the efficacy of various antimicrobial strategies on the success of VPT.

Artificial Intelligence in dentistry: Balancing innovation with ethical responsibility.

The transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence on dentistry, focusing on its applications in diagnostic accuracy, personalized treatment planning and clinical efficiency is of interest. The technical aspects of Artificial Intelligence models like convolutional neural networks and artificial neural networks with the ethical principles guiding its integration and the privacy and security challenges involved are discussed. Regulatory frameworks in the United States and Canada are reviewed, highlighting gaps and opportunities for safe Artificial Intelligence adoption.

Unilateral Inguinal Swelling in a Young Female: An Unusual Presentation of MURCS.

Inguinal hernia in females is an uncommon entity. While most patients present in infancy or early in childhood, only a few cases are diagnosed in adulthood. Most cases of inguinal hernia have small bowel or omentum as its content.

Surfactant-free microemulsion as a fluid scaffold for the thermal stabilization of lysozyme.

Electrostatic forces supported by hydrogen-bonding (H-bonding) interactions in the presence of surfactants generally stabilize microemulsions. So, contrary to this common wisdom, developing a surfactant-free microemulsion (SFME) that is predominantly stabilized by weak but large number of H-bonding interactions would be remarkable. Herein, the formulation and characterization of an SFME comprising a hydrophobic ionic liquid (IL) and a deep eutectic solvent (DES) exhibiting high thermal stability are reported.

Obstructive biliopathy with acute cholangitis secondary to post-cholecystectomy clip migration: a rare complication managed with ERCP.

Post-cholecystectomy clip migration (PCCM) is a rare but recognised complication that can occur early or years after surgery. Given its potential to cause biliary obstruction, PCCM should be considered in the differential diagnosis of post-cholecystectomy patients presenting with obstructive biliopathy or cholangitis. Imaging, particularly contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) or magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, is crucial for diagnosis, while endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the gold-standard modality for diagnosis and treatment.

The current status of cervical cancer awareness and HPV Vaccination among rural women of India: An impediment to the WHO cervical cancer elimination initiative.

Background: Cervical cancer screening and the HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccination rates are low in India, with widespread socio-economic disparities and inadequate awareness about the symptoms, risk factors, and available preventive methods. The problem is more concerning in rural areas. So, the present study aimed to precisely assess the awareness of the women (18-65 years) residing in rural areas regarding cervical cancer and HPV vaccines.

Pseudogenes and host specialization in the emergent bacterial plant pathogen .

Pseudogenes are regarded as "junk" DNA, representing vestigial functions no longer needed for fitness. Accordingly, a higher number of pseudogenes in a bacterial human pathogen was previously hypothesized to be a hallmark of host specialists. In this study, we tested this hypothesis on the emergent bacterial plant pathogen () to link pseudogene makeup and host specificity.

A Review of Reviews of Patient-Reported Measures in Psychosis: Need to Consider Factors Affecting Equity and the Involvement of Patients.

Background: Patient-reported measures are increasingly valued in psychosis care and research. For patient-reported measures to reflect patient perspectives, patients must be involved in developing them. Furthermore, their development and evaluation must consider sociodemographic characteristics influencing patient experiences and outcomes and measurement.

Circulating miR-126-3p is a mechanistic biomarker for knee osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis is a major contributor to pain and disability worldwide, yet there are currently no validated soluble biomarkers or disease-modifying treatments. Given that microRNAs are promising mechanistic biomarkers that can be therapeutically targeted, in this study, we aimed to identify and prioritize reproducible circulating microRNAs associated with radiographic knee osteoarthritis. Across four independent cohorts, we find circulating miR-126-3p is elevated in knee osteoarthritis versus controls.

From antibodies to nanobodies: The next frontier in cancer theranostics for solid tumors.

The field of cancer therapeutics has witnessed significant advancements over the past decades, particularly with the emergence of immunotherapy. This chapter traces the transformative journey from traditional antibody-based therapies to the innovative use of nanobodies in the treatment and diagnosis of solid tumors. Nanobodies are the smallest fragments of antibodies derived from camelid immunoglobulins and have redefined the possibilities in cancer theranostics due to their unique structural and functional properties.

Prone Position Video Laryngoscopy for the Successful Intubation of Penetrating Back Injury: A Report of Two Cases.

Airway management in the prone position presents significant challenges and carries the risk of encountering a difficult airway situation. Here, we present two adults who sustained traumatic knife injuries to the back and required surgical intervention. Due to the potential life-threatening complications associated with dislodging the knife, traditional supine and lateral decubitus positions were not feasible for airway management.

Sublingual permeability of model drugs in New Zealand White Rabbits: In Vitro-In vivo correlation.

This study investigated sublingual drug permeation and administration using five model drugs with diverse physicochemical properties, employing New Zealand White Rabbit sublingual mucosa for in vitro experiments and New Zealand White Rabbits for in vivo studies. The research aimed to determine key permeation parameters, specifically permeability and lag time. A strong linear correlation (r = 0.

Sustainable preparation of AuAg alloy@AgBr Janus nanoparticles dissipative self-assembly for photocatalysis.

We report a facile synthesis of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) templated AuAg alloy@AgBr Janus-nanoparticles (JNPs) using a non-conventional top-down approach with precise control over symmetry breaking. The addition of AgNO to a micellar solution of CTAB results in micelle-stabilized AgBr colloids having excess Ag at the interstitial sites of AgBr. AgBr colloids undergo weak self-assembly supported by inter-micellar interactions.

Pulmonary mucormycosis as a presentation of COVID 19: Case series.

Background: Pulmonary Mucormycosis (PM) is a relatively uncommon fungal disease, usually manifested in immunocompromised patients. It has an aggressive course, along with dilemmas in diagnosis and treatment. In view of the surge of Mucormycosis patients in COVID 19 pandemic, clinicians need to consider PM in suspected cases, and act in an expedited manner to avoid misdiagnosis and initiate prompt treatment.

Hypervalent iodine-catalyzed amide and alkene coupling enabled by lithium salt activation.

Hypervalent iodine catalysis has been widely utilized in olefin functionalization reactions. Intermolecularly, the regioselective addition of two distinct nucleophiles across the olefin is a challenging process in hypervalent iodine catalysis. We introduce here a unique strategy using simple lithium salts for hypervalent iodine catalyst activation.

Vaginal leiomyoma in a perimenopausal woman: A rare case report and review of the literature.

Vaginal leiomyomas, originating from the anterior vaginal wall, are exceedingly uncommon, with only around 300 reported cases documented in the literature to date. We present a rare case of a 50-year-old female who visited the outpatient department with complaints of abnormal uterine bleeding, and heaviness in abdomen with mass protrusion outside introitus since one year. Ultrasonography indicated adenomyosis of the uterus, with a suspected mass protruding through the posterior bladder or anterior vaginal wall.

Comparative evaluation of blind supraglottic airway device insertion versus videolaryngoscope-guided technique in adults undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

Objectives: A videolaryngoscope may decrease the high incidence of aberrant positioning of supraglottic airway devices (SAD) inserted with blind techniques. We aimed to compare Igel insertion characteristics between blind and videolaryngoscope-assisted techniques.

Methods: In this study 70 adult patients scheduled for elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia were randomly divided into blind (Group B,  = 35) and videolaryngoscope-guided (Group V,  = 35) Igel insertion.

Knowledge, Awareness, and Determinants of Medication Adherence in Hypertensive Patients: A Hospital-Based Cross-sectional Study in North India.

Background: Knowledge and awareness studies reveal the basic information of the community and the misconceptions in relation to practices of a disease. The identification of such factors is important as they directly influence the health care-related interventions. Hypertension is one of the emerging noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) globally.