Global, Regional, and National Burden of Nontraumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Importance: Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) represents the third most common stroke type with unique etiologies, risk factors, diagnostics, and treatments. Nevertheless, epidemiological studies often cluster SAH with other stroke types leaving its distinct burden estimates obscure.

Objective: To estimate the worldwide burden of SAH.

Machine Learning Model for Predicting Coronary Heart Disease Risk: Development and Validation Using Insights From a Japanese Population-Based Study.

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Identifying key risk factors is essential for effective risk assessment and prevention. A data-driven approach using machine learning (ML) offers advanced techniques to analyze complex, nonlinear, and high-dimensional datasets, uncovering novel predictors of CHD that go beyond the limitations of traditional models, which rely on predefined variables.

Lifestyle Behaviors of Childhood and Adolescence: Contributing Factors, Health Consequences, and Potential Interventions.

In this narrative review, we summarized evidence from peer-reviewed articles, published before February 2024, that investigated lifestyle behaviors among children (≤12 years) and adolescents (13-18 years) representing different geographic descents. These behaviors included dietary patterns, screen time, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, oral hygiene, unsafe sex, and sleep duration and quality. We documented the significant impacts of parental, school, and sociodemographic factors on the adoption of numerous lifestyle behaviors in this age category.

The association between antenatal coffee consumption and preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: A growing body of evidence has documented unfavorable maternal outcomes attributed to excessive antenatal coffee consumption. Preeclampsia is one of the most common hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with several adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. However, the association between antenatal coffee consumption and preeclampsia remains debatable.

The association between serum cholesterol levels and mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment in the Suita Study and evidence from other epidemiological studies.

Background: Serum cholesterols are well-documented markers of cardiovascular diseases; however, their association with cognitive well-being is uncertain. This study investigated the association between serum cholesterol levels and mild-to-moderate cognitive impairment.

Methods: Epidemiological evidence on the role of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), non-HDL-C, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in cognitive impairment was highlighted.

Common Carotid Artery Stenosis Degree as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease in a General Population: The Suita Study.

Background: The utility of screening for the degree of common carotid artery (CCA) stenosis as a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a general population remains unclear.

Methods And Results: We studied 4775 Japanese men and women whose CCA was measured using bilateral carotid ultrasonography at baseline (April 1994-August 2001). We calculated the degree of stenosis as a percentage of the stenotic area of the lumen in the cross-section perpendicular to the long axis.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and the risk of dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

This study aimed to investigate the association between hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and subsequent risk of dementia using a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. We searched PubMed and Scopus for eligible studies that investigated the association between HDP and dementia risk. Using the random-effects model, pooled hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of dementia risk in women with HDP were calculated.

Development of new scores for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease using specific medical examination items: the Suita Study.

Background: We previously developed risk models predicting stroke, coronary heart disease (CHD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among Japanese people from the Suita Study. Yet, applying these models at the national level was challenging because some of the included risk factors differed from those collected in the Japanese governmental health check-ups, such as Tokutei-Kenshin. We, therefore, conducted this study to develop new risk models for stroke, CHD, and atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD), based on data from the Suita Study.

Association between hypertension grades and cancer mortality among Japanese men and women.

Purpose: We aimed to examine the association between hypertension grades and the risk of total and site-specific cancer mortality among Japanese men and women.

Methods: In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, 27,332 participants aged 40-79 years were enrolled and followed up with their mortality until 2009. According to the measured blood pressure (BP) at baseline, we classified the participants into four BP categories based on 2018 European guidelines.

The association between the estimated glomerular filtration rate and cognitive impairment: the Suita Study.

This cross-sectional study investigated the association between the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a measure of chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cognitive impairment. We used data from 6215 Japanese individuals registered in the Suita Study. Cognitive impairment was defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of ≤ 26.

Fatty Liver Index and the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in a General Japanese Population - The Suita Study.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most diagnosed arrhythmia in clinical settings. The fatty liver index (FLI) is a marker of liver steatosis with potential cardiovascular implications. This study investigated whether FLI could predict the risk of AF.

Crystal structure, microstructure, and mechanical properties of heat-treated oyster shells.

We investigated the crystal structure and mechanical properties of oyster shells subjected to heat treatment under increasing temperature conditions. The shell contained folia and chalky layers. The folia layer comprised two CaCO phases: 72.

Serum cholesterol levels and the risk of brain natriuretic peptide-diagnosed heart failure in postmenopausal women: a population-based prospective cohort study.

Objective: Hormonal changes during menopause can disturb serum cholesterol which is closely associated with cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the prospective association between serum cholesterol and heart failure (HF) risk in postmenopausal women.

Methods: We analyzed data from 1,307 Japanese women, aged 55 to 94 years.

Television Viewing Time and All-cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among Japanese Adults with and without a History of Stroke or Myocardial Infarction.

Aims: We examined the association between television (TV) viewing time and all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among Japanese adults with and without a history of stroke or myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, 76,572 participants (851 stroke survivors, 1,883 MI survivors, and 73,838 persons without a history of stroke or MI), aged 40-79 years at baseline (1988-1990), completed a lifestyle, diet, and medical history questionnaire, and were followed up regarding mortality until 2009. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of all-cause and CVD mortality.

Childhood secondhand smoke exposure and respiratory disease mortality among never-smokers: the Japan collaborative cohort study for evaluation of cancer risk.

Background: The main source of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure during childhood occurs at home due to close family members who smoke. This study examined the association between childhood SHS exposure and the risk of respiratory disease mortality among non-smoking adults.

Methods: Data from 44 233 never-smoking Japanese men and women aged 40-79 years who participated in the JACC study between 1988 and 1990 were analyzed.

Alcohol consumption and the risk of heart failure: the Suita Study and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Background: Alcohol consumption is a modifiable lifestyle, but its role in heart failure (HF) development is controversial. Herein, we investigated the prospective association between alcohol consumption and HF risk.

Methods: A total of 2,712 participants (1,149 men and 1,563 women) from the Suita Study were followed up every two years.

Blood pressure per the 2017 ACC/AHA and 2018 ESC/ESH guidelines and heart failure risk: the Suita Study.

Hypertension is a significant risk factor for heart failure (HF). Since hypertension definition varies across guidelines, identifying blood pressure (BP) categories that should be targeted to prevent HF is required. We, therefore, investigated the association between hypertension per the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) and 2018 European Society of Cardiology/European Society of Hypertension (ESC/ESH) guidelines and HF risk.

Coffee and Green Tea Consumption and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among People With and Without Hypertension.

Background This study was conducted to examine the impacts of coffee and green tea consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among people with severe hypertension. Methods and Results In the JACC (Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk), 18 609 participants (6574 men and 12 035 women) aged 40 to 79 years at baseline who completed a lifestyle, diet, and medical history questionnaire, and health examinations, were followed up until 2009. We classified the participants into four blood pressure (BP) categories: optimal and normal BP, high-normal BP, grade 1 hypertension, and grade 2-3 hypertension.

Playing a musical instrument and the risk of dementia among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

Background: Engaging in leisure activities was suggested to protect older adults from dementia. However, the association between playing a musical instrument and the risk of dementia is not well-established. This study aimed to investigate this association in older adults using a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.

The Association Between Living Area in Childhood and Respiratory Disease Mortality in Adulthood.

No studies have examined the association between characteristics of urban areas and future respiratory disease mortality. We examined whether the type of living area during childhood was associated with all-cause and respiratory disease mortality in adulthood. A total of 81,413 Japanese participants aged 40-79 years old completed a lifestyle questionnaire including the type of childhood living areas.

Secondhand Smoke Exposure in Childhood and Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease in Adulthood: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk.

Aims: We examined whether secondhand smoke exposure in childhood affects the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in adulthood.

Methods: In the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study, we analyzed data on 71,459 participants aged 40-79 years, with no history of CHD, stroke, or cancer at baseline (1988-1990) and who completed a lifestyle questionnaire including the number of smoking family members in childhood (0, 1, 2, and 3+ members) and followed them up until the end of 2009. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of CHD mortality according to the number of smoking family members in childhood.

Sleep Duration and Daytime Napping and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among Japanese Men and Women: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk.

Background: Little is known about the impacts of sleep duration and daytime napping on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: In this study, 20,318 participants (7,597 men, 12,721 women) aged 40-79 years without a history of T2DM, stroke, coronary heart disease, or cancer at baseline (1988-1990), completed the baseline survey and the 5-year follow-up questionnaires, which included average sleep duration, napping habits, and self-reports of physician-diagnosed diabetes. The multivariable odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a logistic regression model.

Serum uric acid levels and the risk of diabetes mellitus in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: the Suita study.

Objective: The association between serum uric acid levels and the risk of diabetes mellitus in women stratified by menopausal status is not well-established. Therefore, we investigated this association among a cohort of Japanese urban women.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study on 3,304 women (1,252 premenopausal and 2,052 postmenopausal), aged 30 to 79 years, with no prior cardiovascular disease or diabetes mellitus, and enrolled from a general urban population.