Frequency of daily conversation and risk of dementia: A population-based cohort study in Japan.

Objectives: This population-based study evaluated the association between frequency of daily conversation and risk of dementia, with consideration to living arrangement (living alone or living with someone) and sex.

Methods: Participants aged 50 to 79 years who reported their frequency of daily conversation in 2000-2003 within the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study were followed from 2006 to 2016 for incident dementia using certification records for national long-term care insurance in Japan. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were estimated using a Cox proportional hazards model with adjustment for factors such as lifestyle and medical history.

Association between adherence to the Japanese meal-based dietary guideline and all-cause and cause-specific mortalities: A Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study.

Background: The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare in Japan has published a meal-based dietary guideline (Healthy Meal); however, its relationship with health outcomes remains unclear. This observational study examined the association between adherence to Healthy Meal and all-cause and cause-specific mortalities.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study (JPHC Study) with a mean follow-up of 19.

Helicobacter pylori eradication and gastric cancer prevention in a pooled analysis of large-scale cohort studies in Japan.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is an established cause of gastric cancer. Although H.

Associations of body mass index, lifestyle factors, and medical findings in midlife with frailty in older ages: A 15-year longitudinal study.

Aim: Preventing frailty is crucial; however, the current evidence is limited to findings from older adults and may not apply to earlier life stages. This study examined the associations between health screening findings, body mass index, lifestyle factors, and medical findings in midlife with frailty in older ages by longitudinal analysis and the associations between them in older ages by cross-sectional analysis.

Methods: The study was conducted in a population-based cohort of the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study.

Association of Social Participation with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review.

Aim: Although social participation, defined as involvement in social activities, may be beneficial for cardiovascular health, evidence about the association remains limited. This systematic review summarized the relationship between social participation and cardiovascular risk factors.

Methods: Original articles of longitudinal observational studies published in English before January 1, 2024, were searched via PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library.

Global, Regional, and National Burden of Nontraumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Importance: Nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) represents the third most common stroke type with unique etiologies, risk factors, diagnostics, and treatments. Nevertheless, epidemiological studies often cluster SAH with other stroke types leaving its distinct burden estimates obscure.

Objective: To estimate the worldwide burden of SAH.

COVID-19-specific prefectural hospital bed utilization rate and in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients throughout the first three years of the pandemic in Japan.

Background: We examined the association between the COVID-19-specific prefectural bed utilization rate and in-hospital mortality during the first three years of the pandemic in Japan.

Methods: This nationwide study included 58,175 COVID-19 patients from the COVID-19 Registry Japan, hospitalized between May 1, 2020 and November 30, 2022. Based on the weekly COVID-19-specific bed utilization rate in each prefecture at diagnosis, patients were categorized into four groups (< 25%, 25% to < 50%, 50% to < 75%, and ≥ 75%).

Risk of stroke accompanying alcohol consumption with or without single-occasion drinking.

Background: Previous research on the relationship between alcohol and stroke has highlighted several issues. Notably, the conventional categorization based on average consumption, which categorizes both those who consume 20 g/day of alcohol daily and those who engage in risky single-occasion drinking (RSOD) only on weekends into low drinkers, makes it difficult to account for individuals who fall into distinct characteristics. This study examined the association between alcohol and stroke, accounting for both average drinking levels and RSOD occurrences.

PUFA, fish intake and risk of disabling dementia in Japan: the Japan Public Health Centre Disabling Dementia Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the association between fish intake, -3 PUFA, -6 PUFA and risk of disabling dementia.

Design: Prospective cohort.

Setting: Municipalities within the Japan Public Health Centre-based Prospective Study.

Green tea, other teas and coffee consumption and risk of death from chronic kidney disease as the underlying cause among Japanese men and women: the JACC Study.

Background: To explore the associations of green tea, coffee, black tea, and oolong tea consumption with mortality from chronic kidney disease (CKD) as the underlying cause among Japanese adults.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 110,585 men and women aged 40-79 years at recruitment from 1986 to 1990. Baseline information on the consumption of tea and coffee, lifestyles, and medical histories was obtained via self-administered questionnaires.

Association between the number of social roles and self-rated health: mediation effect by and the size of close social networks.

Background: Health effects of multiple role occupancy and their mechanism are not fully addressed. We examined (1) the association between the number of social roles and self-rated health (SRH) and (2) the mediation effects of (the sense of life worth living) and the size of close social networks to the association.

Methods: We analysed the cross-sectional baseline questionnaire data of the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT) of 22 180 men and 26 616 women in age 40-59 years.

Socioeconomic Status and Diabetes Prevalence in the Japanese: Insights From the JPHC-NEXT Study.

Objective: To assess the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and diabetes prevalence among a Japanese population with a wide age range, stratified by gender.

Patients And Methods: Socioeconomic, behavioral, and diabetes-related data (diagnosis or medication use based on self-report) were collected from 112,492 participants aged 40 to 74 years using self-administered questionnaires in a population-based study across seven regions in Japan from January 1, 2011, through December 31, 2016. Logistic regression analyses, stratified by gender, were performed to estimate the association between each SES (income, education, and occupation) and diabetes prevalence after adjusting for demographic status, family history of diabetes, health-related behaviors, and body mass index.

All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality Associated with Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter in Japan: The Ibaraki Prefectural Health Study.

Aims: Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is causally associated with mortality and cardiovascular disease. However, in terms of cardiovascular cause-specific outcomes, there are fewer studies about stroke than about coronary heart disease, particularly in Asia. Furthermore, there remains uncertainty regarding the PM-respiratory disease association.

Consumption of Sodium and Its Ratio to Potassium in Relation to All-Cause, Cause-Specific, and Premature Noncommunicable Disease Mortality in Middle-Aged Japanese Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Reducing premature noncommunicable disease (NCD) mortality is a global challenge. Sodium is thought to increase risk of NCDs via an effect of salt per se or high-salt foods on hypertension-induced cardiovascular disease (CVD) and gastrointestinal cancer. Further, relative risk of CVD is reportedly more closely associated with sodium-to-potassium ratio than that with sodium alone.

Plasma uric acid levels and risk of dementia in a population-based cohort study.

Background: Given the opposing properties of uric acid (UA), which are intracellular prooxidant action and extracellular antioxidant action, the association of circulating UA levels with dementia remains controversial. We aimed to ascertain whether both lower and higher plasma UA levels are associated with the risk of incident dementia among middle-aged and older population.

Methods: 1685 participants (530 men and 1155 women) aged 40-69 years at baseline (1990-1993) were randomly selected for plasma UA measurement from base cohort participants who responded to the baseline questionnaire and provided blood samples.

Mortality from Aortic Disease in Relation with Sleep Duration at Night and Daytime Napping: The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.

Aims: Few studies have investigated the impact of sleep duration at night and daytime napping on mortality from aortic disease. In this study, we examined the associations of sleep duration at night with daytime napping and mortality from aortic disease.

Methods: We followed 67,269 participants (26,826 men and 40,443 women, aged 40-79 years) who were not night shift workers and had no history of stroke, heart disease, or cancer.

Relationship between Ikigai and longitudinal changes in serum HDL cholesterol levels: the Circulatory Risk in Communities Study (CIRCS).

Background: Having positive psychological well-being has been associated with serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), but no longitudinal study to date has examined the association between Ikigai and serum HDLC. Therefore, we examined the association between Ikigai and change in serum HDLC over time using a cohort dataset spanning 2010-2018.

Methods: The study included 471 men and 776 women aged 40-74 years who underwent a cardiovascular examination in 2010 and were asked their levels of Ikigai.

Particulate Matter and Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in Japan: The Ibaraki Prefectural Health Study (IPHS).

Introduction: Global health hazards caused by air pollution, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), have been gaining attention; however, air pollution-associated CKD has not been explored in Japan.

Methods: We examined 77,770 men and women with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m in the Ibaraki Prefecture who participated in annual community-based health checkups from 1993 at 40-75 years old and were followed up through December 2020.