Association Between Nutritional Status, Food Form, Appetite and Oral Health at the Time of Admission to a Convalescent Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Malnutrition negatively impacts the recovery of physical functions such as activities of daily living (ADL) through rehabilitation. However, older patients requiring rehabilitation are at high risk of malnutrition, making appropriate nutritional management essential for effective and efficient outcomes. Factors associated with the nutritional status of patients admitted to convalescent hospitals have been reported; however, only a few studies have comprehensively examined them.

Eplerenone, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure: findings from the EARLIER trial.

Background: Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) are often underutilized in patients with heart failure (HF), particularly those with diabetes and/or chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the impact of concurrent diabetes and CKD on the efficacy and safety of eplerenone in acute HF remains uncertain.

Methods: The EARLIER trial enrolled patients with acute HF, who were randomized to receive eplerenone or placebo for 6 months.

Tumor Protein D53 (TPD53): Involvement in Malignant Transformation of Low-Malignant Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells.

: The tumor protein D52 (TPD52) family includes TPD52, TPD53, TPD54, and TPD55. The balance between TPD52 and TPD54 expression plays an important role in high-malignant oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. However, the relationship between TPD53 and OSCC cells (particularly low-malignant OSCC cells) remains unclear.

Desmoplastic Ameloblastoma: A case report of rare pulmonary metastasis.

Pulmonary metastasis of ameloblastoma is a rare associated with the histopathologically plexiform types of ameloblastoma. In this report, we present an exceptionally rare case of pulmonary metastatic ameloblastoma without local recurrence, emerging 12 years post-initial resection. A female patient, initially diagnosed with mandibular desmoplastic ameloblastoma, revealed masses in both lung fields of the lung on chest radiography, while chest computed tomography revealed more than 10 nodules in both lungs.

Brightness illusions drive a neuronal response in the primary visual cortex under top-down modulation.

Brightness illusions are a powerful tool in studying vision, yet their neural correlates are poorly understood. Based on a human paradigm, we presented illusory drifting gratings to mice. Primary visual cortex (V1) neurons responded to illusory gratings, matching their direction selectivity for real gratings, and they tracked the spatial phase offset between illusory and real gratings.

Association between oral health status and functional independence measure on admission in convalescent hospitalized patients.

Background: Oral health management has become increasingly important for acute inpatients. Older patients often require extended periods of medical care, and oral health management is necessary in the convalescent period following the acute period. During the convalescent period, oral health management remains unclear as convalescent hospitals have limited dental resources, and effective dental care must be provided if the objective of hospitalization is to improve life functions.

Association of COVID-19 information media, providers, and content with vaccine uptake among Tokyo residents.

To elucidate appropriate ways to induce behavior that prevents the spread of infection, we examined the association between COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19-related information after more than 85% of the population had been vaccinated. Nonprobability quota sampling was used to recruit 2000 Tokyo residents as participants. The association between previous vaccine uptake and how much people thought they were affected by each of nine media, seven providers, and four content types of information was assessed using an online survey form.

Enhancing scientific transparency in national CO emissions reports via satellite-based a posteriori estimates.

Biennial Update Reports (BURs) are essential requirements from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). However, many non-Annex I countries have not submitted these reports due to difficulties in compiling the inventories. We developed a satellite-based method for the top-down inverse estimation of CO emissions using partial-column data in the lower troposphere obtained by the Greenhouse Gases Observing Satellite, adopted to validate the Mongolian 2 BUR (BUR2) for the energy sector in 2018.

Contribution of default mode network to game and delayed-response task performance: Power and connectivity analyses of theta oscillation in the monkey.

Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated the presence of a default mode network (DMN) which shows greater activity during rest, and an executive network (EN) which is activated during cognitive tasks. DMN and EN are thought to have competing functions. However, recent studies reported that the two networks show coactivation during some cognitive tasks.

The effect of single-implant overdentures on cognitive function in older adults: A 3-year follow-up report.

Objective: To investigate the occurrence of mild cognitive impairment in edentulous patients up to 3 years after they received single-implant overdentures (1-IODs).

Methods: This was a follow-up study for a crossover randomized controlled trial comparing 1-IODs and conventional complete dentures, with patient satisfaction as the primary outcome. In the present study, the cognitive function of the patients, measured with the Japanese version of the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA-J), was evaluated as the secondary outcome at baseline and 2 months, 1 year, 2 years, and 3 years after 1-IOD placement.

Suprabasin enhances the invasion, migration, and angiogenic ability of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells under hypoxic conditions.

Suprabasin (SBSN) is a secreted protein that is isolated as a novel gene expressed in differentiated keratinocytes in mice and humans. It induces various cellular processes such as proliferation, invasion, metastasis, migration, angiogenesis, apoptosis, therapy and immune resistance. The role of SBSN was investigated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) under hypoxic conditions using the SAS, HSC‑3, and HSC‑4 cell lines.

Oral function of implant-assisted removable partial dentures with magnetic attachments using short implants: A prospective study.

Objectives: This prospective study aimed to compare the oral functions of removable partial dentures (RPDs) with those of implant-assisted removable partial dentures (IARPDs) with short implants and magnetic attachments in patients with mandibular Kennedy class I and II.

Material And Methods: Thirty participants with mandibular Kennedy class I or II and at least three distal missing teeth were recruited. Oral functions, including mixing ability, comminuting ability, maximum bite force, and occlusal contact area, were assessed for RPDs (stage 0), IARPDs with healing caps (stage 1), and IARPDs with magnetic attachments (stage 2).

Comparison of general satisfaction, oral health-related quality of life, and patient's self-assessment between mandibular single-implant overdentures and experimental removable complete dentures: A randomized crossover clinical trial.

Objective Patient satisfaction with single-implant overdentures (1-IODs) is unclear. This randomized crossover trial aimed to compare the general satisfaction, oral health-related quality of life, and patients' self-assessment between mandibular 1-IODs and experimental removable complete dentures (eRCDs). Methods New mandibular RCDs were fabricated for 22 patients with edentulous mandibles.

In situ estimation of optical properties of rat and monkey brains using femtosecond time-resolved measurements.

An accurate knowledge of tissue optical properties (absorption coefficients, μ, and reduced scattering coefficients, μ') is critical for precise modeling of light propagation in biological tissue, essential for developing diagnostic and therapeutic optical techniques that utilize diffusive photons. A great number of studies have explored the optical properties of various tissue, and these values are not known in detail due to difficulties in the experimental determination and significant variations in tissue constitution. Especially, in situ estimates of the optical properties of brain tissue, a common measurement target in optical imaging, is a challenge because of its layer structure (where the thin gray matter covers the white matter).

Mid-term prognostic impact of residual pulmonary congestion assessed by radiographic scoring in patients admitted for worsening heart failure.

Aims: Pulmonary congestion is associated with poor prognosis following hospitalization for worsening heart failure (HF), although its quantification and optimal timing during HF hospitalization remains challenging. The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value of radiographic pulmonary congestion at admission and discharge in patients with worsening HF.

Methods And Results: Clinical, echocardiographic, laboratory and chest X-ray data of 292 acute decompensated HF patients were retrospectively studied (follow-up 1 year).

Correction to: Prognostic value of estimated plasma volume in acute heart failure in three cohort studies.

Unfortunately, an error occurred in the methods section of the abstract.

Prognostic value of estimated plasma volume in acute heart failure in three cohort studies.

Aims: Estimated plasma volume status (ePVS) predicts prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF). It remains unclear whether admission, discharge or change ePVS best predicts post-discharge outcome in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed three cohort studies: 383 patients admitted at the Tokyo Medical University hospital, 165 patients admitted at the Centro Hospitalar do Porto and 164 patients admitted at the Nancy University Hospital (ICALOR study).

Invisible Flashes Alter Perceived Sound Location.

Information integration across the senses is fundamental for effective interactions with our environment. The extent to which signals from different senses can interact in the absence of awareness is controversial. Combining the spatial ventriloquist illusion and dynamic continuous flash suppression (dCFS), we investigated in a series of two experiments whether visual signals that observers do not consciously perceive can influence spatial perception of sounds.

Universality in volume-law entanglement of scrambled pure quantum states.

A pure quantum state can fully describe thermal equilibrium as long as one focuses on local observables. The thermodynamic entropy can also be recovered as the entanglement entropy of small subsystems. When the size of the subsystem increases, however, quantum correlations break the correspondence and mandate a correction to this simple volume law.

An Exploratory Study of Dapagliflozin for the Attenuation of Albuminuria in Patients with Heart Failure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DAPPER).

Background And Aims: Sodium-dependent glucose transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, which are anti-diabetic drugs, reportedly decrease the incidence of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients with cardiovascular diseases, and thus chronic heart failure (CHF). SGLT-2 inhibitors also decrease albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Since albuminuria is a biomarker of not only chronic kidney disease but also cardiovascular events, we hypothesized that, among T2D patients with CHF, SGLT-2 inhibitors will decrease the extent of albuminuria and also improve CHF concomitantly.

[Brodmann Areas 8 and 9 Including the Frontal Eye Field].

Based on cytoarchitectonic analyses, Brodmann assigned numbers 8 and 9 to certain areas of the dorsal and medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) in humans and monkeys. Petrides and Pandya re-analyzed the cytoarchitectures of the human and monkey PFCs, and proposed slightly different brain maps for both species. They assigned numbers 8, 9 and 9/46 to the areas that were originally named areas 8 and 9.

Oral Administration of Methylphenidate (Ritalin) Affects Dopamine Release Differentially Between the Prefrontal Cortex and Striatum: A Microdialysis Study in the Monkey.

Methylphenidate (MPH; trade name Ritalin) is a widely used drug for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and is often used as a cognitive enhancer. Because MPH increases dopamine (DA) release by blocking the DA transporter in the human striatum, MPH is supposed to work on attention and cognition through a DA increase in the striatum. However, ADHD patients show impaired prefrontal cortex (PFC) function and MPH administration is associated with increased neural activity in the PFC.

[Emotional and Motivational Functions of the Prefrontal Cortex].

Patients with the damage to the orbital region of the prefrontal cortex and monkeys with lesions in this area show impairment in emotional and motivational behavior. They also have difficulty in the extinction of learned behavior and in the reversal learning. This brain area is concerned with not only the value estimation of reward and aversive stimuli but also the expectation of these stimuli.

Attention reorganizes connectivity across networks in a frequency specific manner.

Attention allows our brain to focus its limited resources on a given task. It does so by selective modulation of neural activity and of functional connectivity (FC) across brain-wide networks. While there is extensive literature on activity changes, surprisingly few studies examined brain-wide FC modulations that can be cleanly attributed to attention compared to matched visual processing.