Integrating Artificial Intelligence in Environmental Monitoring: A Paradigm Shift in Data-Driven Sustainability.

Environmental monitoring is essential for understanding and minimizing human impact on ecosystems. Traditional methods like manual sampling and laboratory testing, while accurate, are often costly, time-consuming, and difficult to scale, especially in low-resource settings. Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly addressing these limitations by enabling automated data collection, real-time analysis, and predictive modeling.

Innovative Nanocarriers: Magnetosomes in the Fight against Cancer.

Recent advancements in medication formulations and drug delivery systems over the past two decades have improved patient adherence and pharmacological responses. Efficient, target-specific medication delivery remains challenging, with many current systems designed to minimize drug loss and degradation. Magnetosomes, as nanocarriers, show promise for delivering antibodies, vaccine DNA, and siRNA, enhancing the stability of chemotherapeutics, and enabling targeted delivery to malignant tumors.

Transforming Pharmacogenomics and CRISPR Gene Editing with the Power of Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicine.

: Advancements in pharmacogenomics, artificial intelligence (AI), and CRISPR gene-editing technology are revolutionizing precision medicine by enabling highly individualized therapeutic strategies. Artificial intelligence-driven computational techniques improve biomarker discovery and drug optimization while pharmacogenomics helps to identify genetic polymorphisms affecting medicine metabolism, efficacy, and toxicity. Genetically editing based on CRISPR presents a precise method for changing gene expression and repairing damaging mutations.

A comprehensive review on structural insights through molecular visualization: tools, applications, and limitations.

Context: Biomolecules serve as intrinsic repositories of information related to function, binding interactions, molecular motion, and structural conformations. With the rapid accumulation of structural data from fields such as structural biology and cheminformatics, the ability to visualize biomolecular architecture has become essential for researchers in biology, pharmacology, and related disciplines. Molecular visualization represents a foundational step in accessing and interpreting this data, enabling its application in diverse scientific and therapeutic contexts.

Recent Advances on the Gas-Sensing Properties and Mechanism of Perovskite Oxide Materials - A Review.

Perovskite oxide-based materials (ABO) have gained much attention as promising candidates for advanced gas-sensing applications due to their versatile structures, tunable properties, and excellent stability. This review discusses recent developments in the synthesis, structural optimization, and functionalization of perovskites to enhance their gas-sensing performance. Strategies such as doping, creating oxygen vacancies, tuning morphology, and forming heterojunctions have significantly improved their sensitivity, selectivity, response, and recovery times.

Enhancing convolutional neural networks in electroencephalogram driver drowsiness detection using human inspired optimizers.

Driver drowsiness is a significant safety concern, contributing to numerous traffic accidents. To address this issue, researchers have explored electroencephalogram (EEG)-based detection systems. Due to the high-dimensional nature of EEG signals and the subtle temporal patterns of drowsiness, there is increasing recognition of the need for deep neural networks (DNNs) to capture the dynamics of drowsy driving better.

Thermal conductivity of high latitude lunar regolith measured by Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE) onboard Chandrayaan 3 lander.

The thermal conductivity of the lunar regolith is an essential parameter in studying the thermal behavior of the Moon and in planning future lunar exploration. The Chandra's Surface Thermophysical Experiment (ChaSTE) aboard Vikram lander of the Indian Moon mission Chandrayaan 3 made the first in situ measurement of thermal conductivity of lunar regolith at southern high latitude using a thermal probe with ten temperature sensors at uneven intervals within 10 cm and a foil-type heater wound around the probe close to the nose tip. The ChaSTE thermal probe was inserted into the lunar regolith by a controlled motorized penetration in 29 hours.

Numerical analysis of bioconvective heat transport through Casson nanofluid over a thin needle.

Bioconvective flows over a thin needle hold significant importance in various fields, particularly in biomedical engineering, microfluidics, and environmental science. This paper examines the bioconvective flow properties of a copper and blood-based Casson nanofluid over a thin needle, accounting for gyrotactic microorganisms in the presence of a magnetic field. The two-phase nanofluid model is applied to formulate the flow problem.

Therapeutic overview of sudachitin.

Citrus fruits are extensively cultivated and eaten both raw and in refined forms. Citrus fruit peels are highly concentrated in polyphenolic substances. This makes them useful resources.

Lateral flow assays: Progress and evolution of recent trends in point-of-care applications.

Paper based point-of-care (PoC) detection platforms applying lateral flow assays (LFAs) have gained paramount approval in the diagnostic domain as well as in environmental applications owing to their ease of utility, low cost, and rapid signal readout. It has centralized the aspect of self-evaluation exhibiting promising potential in the last global pandemic era of Covid-19 implementing rapid management of public health in remote areas. In this perspective, the present review is focused towards landscaping the current framework of LFAs along with integration of components and characteristics for improving the assay by pushing the detection limits.

Advancements in Nanotechnology for Enhanced Antifungal Drug Delivery: A Comprehensive Review.

Infections caused by fungi can be mildly bothersome or fatal, causing life-threatening conditions or even death. Antifungal drugs have used synthetic chemicals, organic compounds, and phytoconstituents in their formulations to treat fungal infections. Research into novel antifungal drugs has progressed more rapidly than into antibacterial treatments.

A Review on Osteoarthritis and its Eradication Approaches: An Update.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease characterized by degeneration of cartilage or wear and tear. OA is a cause of disability and health issues. It is a disease that affects more than 500 million adults annually worldwide, of which India accounts for about 22 to 39% of OA patients.

Comparative genomic analysis and phylogeny of NAC25 gene from cultivated and wild species.

Coffee is a high value agricultural commodity grown in about 80 countries. Sustainable coffee cultivation is hampered by multiple biotic and abiotic stress conditions predominantly driven by climate change. The NAC proteins are plants specific transcription factors associated with various physiological functions in plants which include cell division, secondary wall formation, formation of shoot apical meristem, leaf senescence, flowering embryo and seed development.

Papaya Leaf Curl Virus (PaLCuV) Infection on Papaya ( L.) Plants Alters Anatomical and Physiological Properties and Reduces Bioactive Components.

Papaya leaves are used frequently for curing scores of ailments. The medicinal properties of papaya leaves are due to presence of certain bioactive/pharmacological compounds. However, the papaya leaf curl virus (PaLCuV), a geminivirus, is a major threat to papaya cultivation globally.

A Distinct Extract Prevents Iron Neurotoxicity, a Driver of Multiple Sclerosis Pathology.

Iron deposition in the brain begins early in multiple sclerosis (MS) and continues unabated. Ferrous iron is toxic to neurons, yet the therapies used in MS do not counter iron neurotoxicity. Extracts of (HS) are used in many cultures for medicinal purposes.

Harnessing the Benefits of Neuroinflammation: Generation of Macrophages/Microglia with Prominent Remyelinating Properties.

Excessive inflammation within the CNS is injurious, but an immune response is also required for regeneration. Macrophages and microglia adopt different properties depending on their microenvironment, and exposure to IL4 and IL13 has been used to elicit repair. Unexpectedly, while LPS-exposed macrophages and microglia killed neural cells in culture, the addition of LPS to IL4/IL13-treated macrophages and microglia profoundly elevated IL10, repair metabolites, heparin binding epidermal growth factor trophic factor, antioxidants, and matrix-remodeling proteases.

Overexpression of WssgtL3.1 gene from Withania somnifera confers salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.

Overexpression of Withania somnifera SGT gene (WssgtL3.1) in transgenic Arabidopsis improves various agronomic and physiological traits and alters conjugated sterol levels to mitigate the effect of salt stress. Sterols are essential constituents of cell membranes that are involved in several biological functions, including response to various biotic and abiotic stresses by altering membrane permeability and signaling pathways.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α induces CX3CR1 expression and promotes the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in ovarian cancer cells.

Background: Chemokines are involved in the homing of various cancer cells, including those of ovarian cancer (OvCa), to distant organs. They may also promote or inhibit cancer progression and metastasis. Hypoxia, a common phenomenon in malignant tumors, promotes cell proliferation regulated by HIF-1α.

A rapid and efficient SDS-based RNA isolation protocol from different tissues of coffee.

Isolation of high-quality RNA from coffee is challenging because of high level of polysaccharides, polyphenols and other secondary metabolites. In the present study, a rapid and efficient RNA extraction protocol from different tissues of coffee was optimized. Sufficiently high quality and quantity (225.

Laquinimod reduces neuroaxonal injury through inhibiting microglial activation.

Objective: Laquinimod is an emerging oral medication for multiple sclerosis (MS) that reduces brain atrophy and progression of disability in two Phase III clinical trials. The mechanism of these effects is unclear. Persistent activation of microglia occurs in MS and contributes to injury.

ING1 and 5-azacytidine act synergistically to block breast cancer cell growth.

Background: Inhibitor of Growth (ING) proteins are epigenetic "readers" that recognize trimethylated lysine 4 of histone H3 (H3K4Me3) and target histone acetyl transferase (HAT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) complexes to chromatin.

Methods And Principal Findings: Here we asked whether dysregulating two epigenetic pathways with chemical inhibitors showed synergistic effects on breast cancer cell line killing. We also tested whether ING1 could synergize better with chemotherapeutics that target the same epigenetic mechanism such as the HDAC inhibitor LBH589 (Panobinostat) or a different epigenetic mechanism such as 5-azacytidine (5azaC), which inhibits DNA methyl transferases.

Genetic molecular analysis of Coffea arabica (Rubiaceae) hybrids using SRAP markers.

In Coffea arabica (arabica coffee), the phenotypic as well as genetic variability has been found low because of the narrow genetic basis and self fertile nature of the species. Because of high similarity in phenotypic appearance among the majority of arabica collections, selection of parental lines for inter-varietals hybridization and identification of resultant hybrids at an early stage of plant growth is difficult. DNA markers are known to be reliable in identifying closely related cultivars and hybrids.