GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Sight-Threatening Ophthalmic Complications in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Importance: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are associated with increased risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). The risk of sight-threatening complications associated with GLP-1 RAs is underexamined.

Objective: To investigate whether the use of GLP-1 RAs in patients with T2D is associated with the development of DR, NAION, or DR complications.

Interdisciplinary oral and primary health care for patients with disabilities.

Introduction: Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) often face access to care barriers due to limited provider training, inadequate appointment availability, transportation barriers, financial limitations, and insufficient interdisciplinary collaboration. As a result, this group is particularly vulnerable to oral health issues, experiencing higher rates of periodontal disease and dental caries compared to those without disabilities. Survey data from both dentists and caregivers highlights these obstacles, revealing that a significant proportion of providers do not treat individuals with cognitive disabilities, and patients with IDD often seek care on an emergency basis.

Racial and Gender Differences in Outcomes Among Older Burn Patients.

This study aims to evaluate outcomes, including mortality rates, among older adult burn patients, with a focus on differences across race and gender. We hypothesize that African American patients and females would exhibit higher risks of mortality over a ten-year period. Using data from the TriNetX US Collaborative Network, we analyzed older adult patients (≥65 years) diagnosed with burn injuries (T31.

Racial and gender differences for mortality in geriatric burn patients.

Introduction: Previous literature has described racial and gender differences in burn injuries. This study aims to assess burn mortality rates in geriatric patients, assessing the potential differences in race or gender. Our team hypothesizes that females and African Americans will have significantly higher risk for mortality over ten years.

Comparing Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Intervention With Medical and Surgical Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention (TTVI) is rapidly emerging as an attractive option for patients with tricuspid regurgitation (TR). This study aims to compare the outcomes of transcatheter interventions for TR with conventional surgical and medical management strategies. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis that included 11 reports from 10 observational studies.

Impact of Heparin and Enoxaparin Anticoagulant Prophylaxis on Improving Acute Mortality in Burn Patients.

Burn patients have a higher chance of developing thromboembolic complications leading to worsened mortality rates so prophylactic anticoagulation is important. Anticoagulants such as enoxaparin, a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), and unfractionated heparin (UFH) have been frequently used as chemical prophylactic treatments of thromboembolisms. Enoxaparin has been shown to have lower mortality and higher efficacy in surgical patients and coronary artery disease patients.

Social Media Depiction of Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate: Instagram Versus YouTube Shorts Analysis: Instagram Post Versus Instagram Reel Analysis.

Study Design: Qualitative analysis study.

Introduction: Social media has been pivotal in the dissemination of medical knowledge to the public. The aim was to identify the demographics of individuals posting about cleft lip and palate on YouTube Shorts and Instagram, to characterize the content of these posts, and to highlight factors that could aid surgeons in better educating patients with cleft lip and palate.

Right Ventricular Myocardial Infarction: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Approaches.

Right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI) is a significant and distinct form of acute myocardial infarction associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. It occurs most commonly due to proximal right coronary artery obstruction, often in conjunction with inferior myocardial infarction. RVMI poses unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to the anatomical and functional differences between the right and left ventricles.

Endoscopic management of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis strictures: meta-analysis and systematic literature review.

Background: Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is a common surgical procedure for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis. IPAA strictures are a known complication, often requiring surgical intervention. Endoscopic interventions offer a less invasive alternative, but their safety and efficacy remain uncertain.

Unveiling Sex Differences in Pediatric Burns Through the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Burn Registry.

Introduction: Pediatric burns present a significant global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite this burden, few studies have explored global sex-based differences in pediatric burns. This study aims to describe pediatric burn incidence, burn care facilities' capacities, and burn outcomes with a focus on sex, comparing LMICs to HICs.

Endoscopic Management of Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Anastomosis Strictures: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of the Literature.

Background: Anastomotic strictures following colectomy and proctectomy are a significant cause of benign lower gastrointestinal tract (LGIT) obstruction, with a reported incidence of up to 30%. Endoscopic interventions such as balloon dilation, stricturotomy, mechanical dilation, electrocautery incision, and stent placement are utilized for management. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic interventions for the management of benign LGIT anastomotic strictures.

Exploring Atrial Shunt Therapy for Heart Failure: A Comprehensive Review of the Atrial Coronary Sinus Shunt.

Heart failure is a prevalent and severe medical condition characterized by the heart's inability to pump blood efficiently, leading to poor circulation and symptoms such as pulmonary congestion. Despite advancements in medical treatments, many patients continue to experience significant symptoms with reduced quality of life. This article explores the left atrial coronary sinus shunt as an innovative interventional strategy to address hemodynamic issues in heart failure.

How Do Plastic Surgery Program's Websites Feature Diversity and Inclusion Elements? An Analysis of 89 Integrated Plastic Surgery Programs' Websites.

Introduction: Plastic surgery residency programs leverage their websites as platforms for promoting their commitment to diversity and inclusion to potential candidates. Medical students who are seeking residency positions, including individuals from underrepresented backgrounds, place significant importance on the alignment of program culture and diversity. The authors assessed how these programs showcased diversity and inclusion efforts on their websites.

Sarm1 is not necessary for activation of neuron-intrinsic growth programs yet required for the Schwann cell repair response and peripheral nerve regeneration.

Upon peripheral nervous system (PNS) injury, severed axons undergo rapid SARM1-dependent Wallerian degeneration (WD). In mammals, the role of SARM1 in PNS regeneration, however, is unknown. Here we demonstrate that is not required for axotomy induced activation of neuron-intrinsic growth programs and axonal growth into a nerve crush site.

Impact of prospective verification of intravenous antibiotics in an ED.

Background: Delay in appropriate antibiotic therapy is associated with an increase in mortality and prolonged length of stay. Automatic dispensing machines decrease the delivery time of intravenous (IV) antibiotics to patients in the emergency department (ED). However, when IV antibiotics are not reviewed by pharmacists before being administered, patients are at risk for receiving inappropriate antibiotic therapy.