Glucose alarms approach with flash glucose monitoring system: a narrative review of clinical benefits.

Attaining an adequate glycemic control has been associated with a better prognosis and with a reduction in the risk of developing long-term microvascular and macrovascular diabetic complications. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been shown to improve glycemic control and reduce blood glucose variability. Furthermore, CGM is associated with greater treatment adherence and higher satisfaction.

How to take action beyond ambulatory glucose profile: Latin American expert recommendations on CGM data interpretation.

Purpose: This expert consensus provides a standardized methodology for interpreting continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data to optimize diabetes management. It aims to help healthcare professionals recognize glycemic patterns and apply targeted interventions based on real-time glucose metrics.

Methods: A systematic literature review informed expert panel discussions.

Clinical screening for GCK-MODY in 2,989 patients from the Brazilian Monogenic Diabetes Study Group (BRASMOD) and the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG).

Objectives: To evaluate the accuracy of routinely available parameters in screening for GCK maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), leveraging data from two large cohorts - one of patients with GCK-MODY and the other of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Materials And Methods: The study included 2,687 patients with T1D, 202 patients with clinical features of MODY but without associated genetic variants (NoVar), and 100 patients with GCK-MODY (GCK). Area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) analyses were used to assess the performance of each parameter - both alone and incorporated into regression models - in discriminating between groups.

2023 UPDATE: Luso-Brazilian evidence-based guideline for the management of antidiabetic therapy in type 2 diabetes.

Background: The management of antidiabetic therapy in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has evolved beyond glycemic control. In this context, Brazil and Portugal defined a joint panel of four leading diabetes societies to update the guideline published in 2020.

Methods: The panelists searched MEDLINE (via PubMed) for the best evidence from clinical studies on treating T2D and its cardiorenal complications.

Real-world performance of the MiniMed 780G advanced hybrid closed loop system in Latin America: Substantial improvement in glycaemic control with each technology iteration of the MiniMed automated insulin delivery system.

Aim: We studied real-world performance of MiniMed (MM) 780G system users from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia and Chile (geographical analysis), and the effect of each technology iteration of the MM system on glycaemic control (technology iteration analysis).

Materials And Methods: CareLink data from August 2020 to September 2022 were extracted. Endpoints included continuous glucose monitoring metrics.

The 2021-2022 position of Brazilian Diabetes Society on insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes: an evidence-based guideline to clinical practice.

Background: Insulin therapy regimens for people with type 1 diabetes (PWT1D) should mimic the physiological insulin secretion that occurs in individuals without diabetes. Intensive insulin therapy, whether by multiple daily injections (MDI) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), constitutes the fundamental therapy from the initial stages of type 1 diabetes (T1D), at all ages. This review is an authorized literal translation of part of the Brazilian Diabetes Society (SBD) Guidelines 2021-2022.

Twenty years of the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes Science Schools programs: Assessment of their impact on the participants' personal careers and networking development.

Objective: The following report describes the evaluation of the ISPAD Science School for Physicians (ISSP) and for Healthcare Professionals (ISSHP) in terms of their efficiency and success.

Methods: All past attendees from 2000-2019 ISSP and 2004-2019 ISSHP programs were invited to respond to an online survey to assess perceived outcomes of the programs on career development, scientific enhancement, scientific networking, and social opportunities.

Results: One-third of the past ISSP (129/428), and approximately 43% of the past ISSHP attendees (105/245) responded to the surveys.

The role of intermittent continuous glucose monitoring in a successful outpatient transition from insulin to glibenclamide in a patient with transient neonatal diabetes.

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a monogenic form of diabetes occurring mainly in the first 6 months of life. Approximately 30% of transient NDM (TNDM) cases will have an activating mutation in the K channel genes and . The majority of the patients with mutations who are receiving insulin treatment can be transferred to treatment with sulfonylurea (SU), with an improvement in metabolic control and quality of life.

Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose as an Integral Part in the Management of People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

For decades, self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) has been considered a cornerstone of adequate diabetes management. Structured SMBG can follow different monitoring patterns, and it results in improved glycemic control, reduced hypoglycemia, and a better quality of life of people with diabetes. The technology, usability, and accuracy of SMBG systems have advanced markedly since their introduction a few decades ago.

Adherence to Growth Hormone Treatment Using a Connected Device in Latin America: Real-World Exploratory Descriptive Analysis Study.

Background: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy is an effective treatment for children with growth disorders. However, poor outcomes are often associated with suboptimal adherence to treatment.

Objective: The easypod connected injection device records and transmits injection settings and dose data from patients receiving rhGH.

Diabetes-related chronic complications in Brazilian adolescents with type 1 diabetes. A multicenter cross-sectional study.

Aims: To investigate the prevalence of diabetes-related chronic complications (DRCCs) and its associated factors in Brazilian adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: This nationwide study was conducted in 14 public clinics in 10 cities, with 1,760 patients, 367 adolescents, with 328 eligible for this study. Evaluated DRCCs were retinopathy (DR), chronic kidney disease (CKD), peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN).

An eHealth Framework for Managing Pediatric Growth Disorders and Growth Hormone Therapy.

Background: The use of technology to support health and health care has grown rapidly in the last decade across all ages and medical specialties. Newly developed eHealth tools are being implemented in long-term management of growth failure in children, a low prevalence pediatric endocrine disorder.

Objective: Our objective was to create a framework that can guide future implementation and research on the use of eHealth tools to support patients with growth disorders who require growth hormone therapy.

Characteristics of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents with Down's syndrome in an admixed population.

Objective: People with Down's syndrome (DS) have a higher risk of developing type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) and may have specific clinical features compared to T1D patients without DS. This study evaluated the clinical and laboratory aspects of T1D in children and adolescents with DS in an admixed population.

Methods: A case-control study comparing patients with T1D and DS (T1D+DS) to patients with T1D without DS (T1D controls) from two tertiary academic Hospitals in São Paulo, Brazil.

Patient-reported outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes in global real-world clinical practice: The SAGE study.

Aims: To conduct a secondary analysis of the SAGE study to evaluate the association between glycaemic control and patient-reported outcomes (PROs), in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) across different age groups and regions.

Materials And Methods: SAGE was a multinational, cross-sectional, observational study in adults with T1DM. Data were collected at a single visit, analysed according to predefined age groups (26-44, 45-64, and ≥65 years), and reported across different regions.

COVID-19 outbreak and pediatric diabetes: Perceptions of health care professionals worldwide.

Background: Coronavirus diasease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that started in Wuhan, China in late 2019 and later spread around the world. Diabetes has been recognized as a possible risk factor for COVID-19 complications.

Objective: International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) investigated perceptions, challenges and experience of health care professionals (HCP) taking care of children and young people with diabetes worldwide during COVID-19 pandemic.

Genomic ancestry and glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A multicenter study in Brazil.

Objective: To determine the influence of genomic ancestry (GA) and self-reportedcolor-race (SRCR) on glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in an admixed population.

Research Design And Methods: This multicenter nationwide study was conducted in 14 public clinics in 10 Brazilian cities. We estimated global and individual African, European, and Native Amerindian GA proportions using a panel of 46 AIM-INDEL markers.

Time in range: a new parameter to evaluate blood glucose control in patients with diabetes.

The International Consensus in Time in Range (TIR) was recently released and defined the concept of the time spent in the target range between 70 and 180 mg/dL while reducing time in hypoglycemia, for patients using Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM). TIR was validated as an outcome measures for clinical Trials complementing other components of glycemic control like Blood glucose and HbA1c. The challenge is to implement this practice more widely in countries with a limited health public and private budget as it occurs in Brazil.

Infections in children with diabetes.

Objective: The association between diabetes mellitus and infections is very common. These infections, even when mild, interfere with blood glucose control. The aim of this review is to describe infections that occur in children and adolescents with DM, as well as to provide recommendations on glycemia management during these episodes.

Insulin Injection Technique Questionnaire: results of an international study comparing Brazil, Latin America and World data.

Background: In 2014-2015, the largest international survey of insulin injection technique in patients with diabetes taking insulin was conducted in 42 countries, totaling 13,289 participants. In Brazil, patients from five public health centers were included. This study aims to evaluate insulin injection technique in Brazilian patients and compare results with Latin America (LatAm) and World data.

Three unreported glucokinase (GCK) missense mutations detected in the screening of thirty-two Brazilian kindreds for GCK and HNF1A-MODY.

Thirty-two Brazilian families with MODY phenotype were screened for GCK and HNF1A mutations. GCK mutations were found in 8 families, all patients with mild asymptomatic hyperglycaemia; 3 of them are novel: p.Asp365Asn, p.

Determinants of intensive insulin therapeutic regimens in patients with type 1 diabetes: data from a nationwide multicenter survey in Brazil.

Background: To evaluate the determinants of intensive insulin regimens (ITs) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: This multicenter study was conducted between December 2008 and December 2010 in 28 public clinics in 20 Brazilian cities. Data were obtained from 3,591 patients (56.

A novel glucokinase deletion (p.Lys32del) and five previously described mutations co-segregate with the phenotype of mild familial hyperglycaemia (MODY2) in Brazilian families.

Six Brazilian families with mild familial hyperglycaemia have been screened for glucokinase (GCK) mutations. All had mutations that co-segregated with the phenotype. One of the mutations, the deletion 96_98delAAG (p.

Economic status and clinical care in young type 1 diabetes patients: a nationwide multicenter study in Brazil.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of economic status on clinical care provided to Brazilian youths with type 1 diabetes in daily practice, according to the American Diabetes Association's guidelines. This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted between 2008 and 2010 in 28 public clinics in Brazil. Data were obtained from 1,692 patients (55.