Double-diabetes in a real-world sample of 2711 individuals: associated with insulin treatment or part of the heterogeneity of type 1 diabetes?

Background: Double diabetes (DD) describes both individuals with obesity upon diagnosis of type 1 diabetes and those who have gained weight during follow-up, although cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) are not well understood in this group. We aim to evaluate the frequency of DD in a real-world type 1 diabetes sample and the interaction of insulin treatment with CVRF.

Methods: Multicentre cross-sectional study of 2711 individuals with clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes from secondary diabetes centres in 20 Brazilian cities.

Three unreported glucokinase (GCK) missense mutations detected in the screening of thirty-two Brazilian kindreds for GCK and HNF1A-MODY.

Thirty-two Brazilian families with MODY phenotype were screened for GCK and HNF1A mutations. GCK mutations were found in 8 families, all patients with mild asymptomatic hyperglycaemia; 3 of them are novel: p.Asp365Asn, p.

The new adipose tissue and adipocytokines.

Obesity is a well-known risk factor for the development of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Rather than the total amount of fat, central distribution of adipose tissue is very important in the pathophysiology of this constellation of abnormalities termed metabolic syndrome. Adipose tissue, regarded only as an energy storage organ until the last decade, is now known as the biggest endocrine organ of the human body.

Effects of simvastatin and metformin on inflammation and insulin resistance in individuals with mild metabolic syndrome.

Background: In addition to lipid-lowering and insulin-sensitizing actions, statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) and metformin may have pleiotropic effects.

Objective: To study the effect of simvastatin and metformin on insulin sensitivity and inflammatory markers.

Methods: Forty-one subjects with body mass index (BMI) 25-39.