Oral ruthenium-based PAD4 inhibitor modulates immunogenic cell death and neutrophil extracellular traps in triple-negative breast cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive breast cancer subtype characterized by a poor prognosis and resistance to conventional therapies. Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4), which catalyzes the conversion of arginine to citrulline, facilitating neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and promoting tumor immune evasion, has been identified as a promising target for TNBC treatment. However, current PAD4 inhibitors have low bioavailability and inadequate stability.

A silk fibroin/chitosan hydrogel with ferulic acid derivatives: Promoting diabetic wound healing through immune modulation and angiogenesis.

The impaired wound healing observed in diabetes is closely associated with immune system imbalance, in which the dysregulation of positive feedback mechanisms disrupts normal tissue repair processes. This study addresses the limited bioavailability of the natural anti-inflammatory compound ferulic acid (FA) by developing a novel derivative, FA-1a, via a phenylboronic acid modification strategy. Leveraging the reversible covalent interaction between chitosan (CS) and phenylboronic acid, the FA-1a-CS complex was successfully synthesized and subsequently incorporated into a silk fibroin (SF) dual-network hydrogel to create a multifunctional FA-1a-CS/SF composite hydrogel.

Circulating T cell atlas in Moyamoya disease: insights into immunopathogenesis of cerebrovascular disorders.

Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic cerebrovascular disorder characterized by progressive stenosis or occlusion of the intracranial arteries, accompanied by the formation of fragile collateral vessels, ultimately leading to ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes. Immune dysregulation, particularly involving T cell abnormalities and mitochondrial dysfunction, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of MMD; however, their precise relationship remains unclear.

Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with MMD and healthy controls were analyzed using mass cytometry (CyTOF) and transcriptomic profiling.

Integrated bulk RNA sequencing and mass cytometry analysis reveal the circulating immune landscape in ischemic and hemorrhagic Moyamoya disease.

Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is increasingly recognized as being influenced by chronic inflammation, with circulating immune cells playing a role in its progression. However, research on the immune characteristics of different MMD subtypes is limited. This study aims to compare the peripheral immune profiles of ischemic and hemorrhagic MMD patients.

Rosmarinic acid promotes mitochondrial fission and induces ferroptosis in triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. Among its subtypes, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is more aggressive and poses a serious threat to women's health. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenolic compound known for its diverse pharmacological activities, with its antioxidant and anticancer properties being particularly notable.

Innate Immune Cell Profiling in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Moyamoya Disease.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare cerebrovascular disease characterized by stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery, thus leading to ischaemic and haemorrhagic strokes. Although genetic studies have identified ring finger protein 213 (RNF213) as a susceptibility gene, the low disease penetrance suggests that a secondary trigger, such as infection, may initiate disease onset. This study aimed to characterize the innate immune cell profile of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of MMD patients via mass cytometry (CyTOF).

An RGD-Conjugated Prodrug Nanoparticle with Blood-Brain-Barrier Penetrability for Neuroprotection Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury significantly contributes to global morbidity and mortality. Loganin is a natural product with various neuroprotective effects; however, it lacks targeted specificity for particular cells or receptors, which may result in reduced therapeutic efficacy and an increased risk of side effects. To address the limitations of loganin, we developed LA-1, a novel compound incorporating an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide to target integrin receptor αvβ3, enhancing brain-targeting efficacy.

Caffeic acid inhibits the tumorigenicity of triple-negative breast cancer cells through the FOXO1/FIS pathway.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) still one of the most challenging sub-type in breast cancer clinical. Caffeic acid (CA) derived from effective components of traditional Chinese herbal medicine has been show potential against TNBCs. Our research has found that CA can inhibit the proliferation of TNBC cells while also suppressing the size of cancer stem cell spheres.

T cells immune imbalance presents in patients with multiple intracranial aneurysms.

Growing evidence suggests that systemic immune and inflammatory responses may play a critical role in the formation and development of aneurysms. Exploring the differences between single intracranial aneurysm (SIA) and multiple IAs (MIAs) could provide insights for targeted therapies. However, there is a lack of comprehensive and detailed characterization of changes in circulating immune cells in MIAs.

CyTOF analysis revealed platelet heterogeneity in breast cancer patients received T-DM1 treatment.

T-DM1 (Trastuzumab Emtansine) belongs to class of Antibody-Drug Conjugates (ADC), where cytotoxic drugs are conjugated with the antibody Trastuzumab to specifically target HER2-positive cancer cells. Platelets, as vital components of the blood system, intricately influence the immune response to tumors through complex mechanisms. In our study, we examined platelet surface proteins in the plasma of patients before and after T-DM1 treatment, categorizing them based on treatment response.

Mitosis targeting in non-small lung cancer cells by inhibition of PAD4.

PAD4 expression and activity were significantly up-regulated in lung cancer tissues suggesting that PAD4 could be a possible target for lung cancer treatment. In this study we had demonstrated that PAD4 expression was higher in lung cancer patients whom with lymphnode metastasis and pleural invasion. Inhibiting PAD4 with a small molecular inhibitor could induce apoptosis and suppress growth in lung cancer cells.

Mass cytometry revealed the circulating immune cell landscape across different Suzuki stages of Moyamoya disease.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disorder marked by progressive arterial narrowing, categorized into six stages known as Suzuki stages based on angiographic features. Growing evidence indicates a pivotal role of systemic immune and inflammatory responses in the initiation and advancement of MMD. This study employs high-dimensional mass cytometry to reveal the immunophenotypic characteristics of peripheral blood immune cells (PBMCs) at various Suzuki stages, offering insights into the progression of MMD.

[Quality of moxa with different leaf-to-moxa ratios based on correlation analysis of thermogravimetric properties, cellulose content, and microscopic characteristics of non-secretory trichomes].

The quality of moxa is a key factor affecting the efficacy of moxibustion. Traditional moxa grades are evaluated by the leaf-to-moxa ratio, but there is a lack of support from scientific data. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Image Pro Plus, Van Soest method, and stimultaneous thermal analysis(TGA/DSC) were used to characterize the scientific implication of the combustion differences between moxa with different leaf-to-moxa ratios(processed by crusher).

The combination of the HDAC1 inhibitor SAHA and doxorubicin has synergic efficacy in triple negative breast cancer in vivo.

Vorinostat (SAHA) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that exerts its effects through epigenetic regulation. Specifically, SAHA can inhibit the proliferation of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Doxorubicin (DOX), a traditional chemotherapeutic drug, exhibits a potent cytotoxic effect on cancer cells while also inducing strong toxic effects.

The ruthenium complex assists in nuclear targeting and selective killing of tumor cells.

In clinical studies, the toxicity of platinum-based antitumor drugs limits their use. DNA is the most widely studied target of metal-based complexes. Thus, nuclear targeting and selective killing have become the purpose of ruthenium complex design.

mRNA sequencing and CyTOF analysis revealed ASPP2 altered the response patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells to usnic acid.

In a previous study, our team found that ASPP2 overexpression increases the sensitivity of liver cancer cells to sorafenib. ASPP2 is an important target in the study of drug therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we demonstrated that ASPP2 altered the response of HepG2 cells to usnic acid (UA) by using mRNA sequencing and CyTOF.

Genistein-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and FOXO3a/PUMA expression in non-small lung cancer cells.

Context: Genistein is a multifunctional natural compound.

Objective: In this study, we demonstrate the activity of genistein on non-small lung cancer A549 and 95D cells.

Materials And Methods: A CCK8 assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of genistein (0, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 μM) on A549 and 95D cells for 48 h.

High-Dimensional Immune Profiling by Mass Cytometry Revealed the Circulating Immune Cell Landscape in Patients With Intracranial Aneurysm.

Background: Increasing evidence supports a critical role of chronic inflammation in intracranial aneurysm (IA). Understanding how the immunological alterations in IA provides opportunities for targeted treatment. However, there is a lack of comprehensive and detailed characterization of the changes in circulating immune cells in IA.