Bacteroides dorei RX2020-derived bile acid alleviates influenza virus infection through TGR5 signaling.

Background: The role of the gut microbiome in respiratory infections is increasingly recognized. We have found that a gut commensal strain, Bacteroides dorei RX2020 (B. dorei) previously isolated from healthy human fecal microbiota, alleviates influenza virus infection, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GUANKE Alleviates Intestinal Barrier Damage Caused by Influenza Infection in Mice.

Influenza, a highly transmissible acute respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses, is responsible for annual seasonal epidemics and poses a substantial global disease burden. While primarily recognized for its respiratory manifestations, influenza infection exhibits significant extrapulmonary effects, particularly through disrupting gut microbiota composition and compromising intestinal barrier integrity. This study investigates the protective efficacy of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain GUANKE against influenza-associated intestinal pathology in a murine model.

Genomic, Probiotic, and Functional Properties of RX2020 Isolated from Gut Microbiota.

Background/objectives: Gut microbiota is essential for maintaining host immune homeostasis and has been confirmed to be closely related to some intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. , as the dominant bacterial genus in the human gut, has attracted great attention due to its excellent metabolic activity, but there are few studies on species. In our previous study, a gut commensal strain, RX2020 (), was isolated from healthy human feces and exhibited superior flavonoid metabolic activity, prompting further analysis of its uncharacterized genomic features, probiotic potential, safety, and immunomodulatory activity.

MIANGUAN2 Alleviates Influenza Virus Infection by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Enhancing Short-Chain Fatty Acid Production.

Influenza, a severe respiratory disease caused by the influenza virus, has long been a prominent threat to human health. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that oral administration with probiotics may increase the immune response to lung infection via the gut-lung axis leading to the alleviation of the pulmonary disease. In this study, we evaluated the effects of oral administration of MIANGUAN2 (MIANGUAN2) on influenza infection in a mouse model.

D2022 alleviates hyperuricemia and suppresses renal inflammation potential gut-kidney axis.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a widespread metabolic disorder. Probiotics have drawn increasing attention as an adjunctive treatment with fewer side effects. However, thus far the effective strains are limited and the mechanisms for their serum uric acid (SUA)-lowering effect are not well understood.

Lactobacillus plantarum GUANKE modulate anti-viral function of dendritic cells in mice.

GUANKE is a Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from the feces of healthy volunteer. We have previously shown that GUANKE enhances the efficacy of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and prolongs the duration of vaccine protection by upregulating the IFN pathway and T and B lymphocyte functions of the host. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protective effects and mechanism of oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum GUANKE in the influenza (A virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34) infection mouse model.

extract alleviates DSS-induced colitis via modulating gut microbiota and inflammatory signaling pathway in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing intestinal disease with complex pathogenesis. The increasing morbidity and mortality of UC become a global public health threat. Baitouweng decoction (BD), a formulated prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been applied to cure UC for many centuries.

Effects of GUANKE on Diphenoxylate-Induced Slow Transit Constipation and Gut Microbiota in Mice.

Slow transit constipation (STC) is a prevalent gastrointestinal condition with slow transit, and some probiotics can effectively relieve constipation, but the exact mechanisms have not been fully understood. In this study, we evaluate the impact of GUANKE (GUANKE) on diphenoxylate-induced slow transit constipation and speculate on the underlying mechanisms in a mouse model. Administration of GUANKE alleviated constipation indexes, including defecation time, fecal output and water content, and gastrointestinal transit ratio.

Inhibiting virus replication and excessive inflammatory response: Mechanism of combined prescription of Ma-Xing-Shi-Gan decoction and Xiao-Chai-Hu decoction against influenza virus.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The combined prescription of two classical decoctions (Ma-Xing-Shi-Gan decoction with Xiao-Chai-Hu decoction), named as San-Yang-He-Zhi (SYHZ) decoction, has been widely used for the treatment of influenza virus (IFV) infections for decades.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-influenza effect of SYHZ decoction and explore the underlying mechanism.

Materials And Methods: The ingredients of SYHZ decoction were analyzed by mass spectrometry.

P2020 protects the hyperuricemia and renal inflammation in mice.

Introduction: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a common metabolic disease, and its prevalence has been increasing worldwide. Pharmaceutical drugs have been used for controlling HUA but they all have certain side effects, which thus calls for discovering alternative options including using treatment of probiotics to prevent the development of HUA.

Methods: We established HUA mice model induced by potassium oxonate and adenine and performed in vivo experiments to verify the ability to lower serum uric acid of P2020 (LPP), a probiotics stain extracted from Chinese pickle.

Furu2019 and stachyose as probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics alleviate constipation in mice.

Introduction: Slow transit constipation (STC) is a common disorder in the digestive system. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of stachyose (ST) and Furu 2019 () alone or combined on diphenoxylate-induced constipation and explore the underlying mechanisms using a mouse model.

Methods: ICR mice were randomly divided into five groups.

RW2014 Ameliorates Hyperlipidemia by Modulating Bile Acid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota Composition in Rats.

Hyperlipidemia is a leading risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Dietary supplementation with probiotics has been suggested as an alternative intervention to lower cholesterol. In the current study, we isolated a strain of RW2014 (LGA) from the feces of a healthy infant fed with breast milk, and it displayed bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity.

Qingfeiyin Decoction Inhibits H1N1 Virus Infection Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Inflammatory Pathways in a Murine Model.

Influenza virus-caused lung infection and its pandemic outbreaks are a persistent public health challenge. The H1N1 subtype is the most common type of influenza infection observed in humans. Maxingshigantang decoction, a classic formula of Chinese herbal medicine, has been used for the prevention and treatment of respiratory infection for many centuries.

A Novel Immunobiotics Ameliorates Influenza Virus Infection in Mice.

Objective: Probiotics can modulate immune responses to resist influenza infection. This study aims to evaluate the anti-viral efficacy of .

Methods: C57BL/6J mice were infected with influenza virus together with treatment of PBS vehicle, , or oseltamivir respectively.

Stachyose inhibits vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus colonization and affects gut microbiota in mice.

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) caused nosocomial infections are rising globally. Multiple measures have been investigated to address this issue, altering gut microbiota through dietary intervention represents one of such effort. Stachyose can promote probiotic growth, which makes it a good candidate for potentially inhibiting VRE infection.

Activation of the Nlrp3 Inflammasome Contributes to Shiga Toxin-Induced Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome in a Mouse Model.

Objective: To explore the role of the Nlrp3 inflammasome activation in the development of hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) induced by Stx2 and evaluate the efficacy of small molecule Nlrp3 inhibitors in preventing the HUS.

Methods: Peritoneal macrophages (PMs) isolated from wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J mice and gene knockout mice (, , and ) were treated with Stx2 and their IL-1β releases were measured. WT mice and mice were also treated with Stx2 by injection, and the biochemical indices (serum IL-1β, creatinine [CRE] and blood urea nitrogen [BUN]), renal injury, and animal survival were compared.

A strain of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron attenuates colonization of Clostridioides difficile and affects intestinal microbiota and bile acids profile in a mouse model.

Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a growing global public health threat. While fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an effective therapy for CDI, a number of challenges limit its application. Studies suggest that probiotics may be a promising alternative therapy.

Citrobacter freundii Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome via the Type VI Secretion System.

Citrobacter freundii is a significant cause of human infections, responsible for food poisoning, diarrhea, and urinary tract infections. We previously identified a highly cytotoxic and adhesive C. freundii strain CF74 expressing a type VI secretion system (T6SS).

Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum HT121 on serum lipid profile, gut microbiota, and liver transcriptome and metabolomics in a high-cholesterol diet-induced hypercholesterolemia rat model.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of Lactobacillus plantarum HT121 on serum lipid profile, gut microbiota, and liver transcriptome and metabolomics.

Methods: L. plantarum HT121 was selected by screening of acid and bile salt tolerance and cholesterol assimilation assay.

[Effects of Lactobacillus paragasseri Y20 on cholesterol-lowering, intestinal microbiota and liver metabolism in rats with hypercholesterolaemia].

Objective: To evaluate the cholesterol-lowering effects of Lactobacillus paragasseri Y20 on rats with high cholesterol diet and its effect on the gut microbiota of rats, and to explore the potential mechanism of Lactobacillus paragasseri regulating hypercholesterolemia in rats.

Methods: Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups and were treated with normal diet, high cholesterol diet+PBS, and high cholesterol diet+Lactobacillus paragasseri Y20, respectively. After five consecutive weeks of treatment, serum lipids were measured by ELISA.

Contribution of Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation Mediated by Suilysin to Streptococcal Toxic Shock-like Syndrome.

: The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism of inflammasome activation in response to serotype 2 (SS2) infection and its contribution to the development of streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome (STSS). : To verify the role of suilysin (SLY) in STSS, we infected bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and C57BL/6J mice intraperitoneally (IP) with the SS2 wild-type (WT) strain or isogenic mutant (∆SLY) to measure the interleukin (IL)-1β release and survival rate. To determine the role of inflammasome activation and pyroptosis in STSS, we infected BMDMs from WT and various deficient mice, including -deficient (Nlrp3), -deficient (Nlrc4), -deficient (Asc), -deficient (Aim2), -1/11-deficient (Caspase-1/11), and -deficient (Gsdmd) , and IP injected WT, Nlrp3, Caspase-1/11, and Gsdmd mice with SS2, to compare the IL-1β releases and survival rate .

Consortium of Probiotics Attenuates Colonization of .

infection (CDI) is increasing morbidity and mortality rates globally. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), an effective therapy for eliminating (), cannot be used extensive due to a range of challenges. Probiotics thus constitutes a promising alternative therapy.

Two Strains of Effectively Decrease the Colonization of VRE in a Mouse Model.

(VRE) infection is a serious challenge for clinical management and there is no effective treatment at present. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and probiotic intervention have been shown to be promising approaches for reducing the colonization of certain pathogenic bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract, however, no such studies have been done on VRE. In this study, we evaluated the effect of FMT and two strains (Y74 and HT121) on the colonization of VRE in a VRE-infection mouse model.

A critical role for hemolysin in Vibrio fluvialis-induced IL-1β secretion mediated by the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages.

Vibrio fluvialis causes human diarrhea, but the pathogenesis is not well-studied. We hypothesized that V. fluvialis-secreted hemolysin (VFH) may induce IL-1β secretion through the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and contribute to the pathogenicity of V.

Effect of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7-specific enterohaemolysin on interleukin-1β production differs between human and mouse macrophages due to the different sensitivity of NLRP3 activation.

Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) O157:H7 infection in humans can cause acute haemorrhagic colitis and severe haemolytic uraemic syndrome. The role of enterohaemolysin (Ehx) in the pathogenesis of O157:H7-mediated disease in humans remains undefined. Recent studies have revealed the importance of the inflammatory response in O157:H7 pathogenesis in humans.