High-quality, low-nitrogen bio-oil from kitchen waste via KCO-catalyzed solvothermal liquefaction in recycled ethanol-water co-solvent.

Kitchen waste (KW), comprising 30 %-60 % of municipal solid waste, could be converted to bio-oil via alkaline-catalyzed solvothermal liquefaction (STL) without energy-intensive drying. This study systematically investigated six catalysts (KCO, NaCO, KHCO, NaHCO, KOH, NaOH) for product distribution and nitrogen migration in STL versus hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). Results demonstrate KCO's superiority in ethanol-water co-solvent, synergistically enhancing bio-oil yield to 57.

CXCR4 monocytes promote neovascularization in wet age-related macular degeneration.

Wet age-related macular degeneration (wAMD) pathogenesis is primarily driven by choroidal neovascularization (CNV) mediated through intricate angiogenesis-inflammation crosstalk. While chemokine signaling has emerged as a promising therapeutic target, the specific cellular mediators orchestrating this process remain poorly defined. In this study, we employed an integrative approach combining bulk RNA sequencing, single-cell transcriptomics, multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC), and in vivo models to systematically elucidate the pivotal role of chemokine signaling in wAMD-associated angiogenesis and identify critical monocyte subsets involved in neovascularization.

Recommended Hematocrit in Patients With Sepsis: An Observational Study.

Background And Aims: Sepsis is a critical condition requiring optimized clinical management, especially in terms of hematocrit. The relationship between early stage of hematocrit and mortality in patients with sepsis remains underexplored.

Method: This observational cohort study used data from the eICU Collaborative Research Database.

Polydopamine nanoparticle-enhanced stem cell spheroid-derived decellularized extracellular matrix with antioxidant and tissue-adhesive properties for brain repair.

The use of implantable biomaterials has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for managing traumatic brain injury (TBI). We have previously demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) spheroid-derived three-dimensional decellularized extracellular matrix (3D dECM), enriched with stem cell secretome, serves as an effective biomaterial for promoting post-TBI brain repair. However, its limited antioxidant capacity and inadequate tissue adhesion remain significant challenges.

The association between hand grip strength and chronic kidney disease progression: insights from SMP-CKD studies.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the relationship between handgrip strength (HGS) and the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in non-dialysis patients in China, as part of the Self-Management Program for Patients with CKD Cohort (SMP-CKD).

Methods: In the SMP-CKD cohort, we utilized Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to explore the association between HGS and CKD progression. Data were stratified by sex-specific HGS quartiles, sarcopenia status, and HGS thresholds.

Reduced Taurine Synthesis Underlies Morphine-Promoted Lung Metastasis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

: The mechanisms underlying the progression and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in the context of extended morphine exposure remain poorly understood. Morphine consumption has been a pressing issue in many countries. While the physiological impact of extended morphine use is multifaceted, cancer patients with a history of extended morphine usage often have a poor prognosis.

Tailoring the therapeutic potential of stem cell spheroid-derived decellularized ECM through post-decellularization BDNF incorporation to enhance brain repair.

Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) from tissues has significant therapeutic potential but is limited by its rigid molecular composition and reliance on post-decellularization modifications to tailor its functionality. Harsh decellularization processes often result in substantial glycosaminoglycan (GAG) loss, impairing natural growth factor incorporation and necessitating chemical modifications that complicate processing and limit clinical translation. To address these challenges, we developed mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) spheroid-derived three-dimensional (3D) dECM using gentle decellularization techniques.

COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Chinese residents: A national cross-sectional survey in the community setting.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine hesitancy is associated with community aggregation, inducing low vaccine coverage and potentially more frequent community-level outbreak. Addressing vaccine hesitancy in community settings should be a priority for healthcare providers. A cross-sectional online questionnaire survey was conducted during June and July 2022.

The Enhancer-Promoter-Mediated Transcription During Neurite Regrowth of Injured Cortical Neurons.

Brain injuries can result from accidents, warfare, sports injuries, or brain diseases. Identifying regeneration-associated genes (RAGs) during epigenome remodeling upon brain injury could have a significant impact on reducing neuronal death and subsequent neurodegeneration for patients with brain injury. We previously identified several WNT genes as RAGs involved in the neurite regrowth of injured cortical neurons.

Cooperative tumor inhibition by CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide and cyclic dinucleotide in head and neck cancer involves T helper cytokine and macrophage phenotype reprogramming.

Head and neck cancer ranks as the sixth most common cancer worldwide, highlighting the critical need for the development of new therapies to enhance treatment efficacy. The activation of innate immune receptors given their potent immune stimulatory properties aid in the eradication of cancer cells. In this study, we investigated the immune mechanism and anti-tumor function of a Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist, CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide-2722 (CpG-2722), in combination with cyclic dinucleotides, which are agonists of stimulator of interferon genes (STING).

Implantation of MSC spheroid-derived 3D decellularized ECM enriched with the MSC secretome ameliorates traumatic brain injury and promotes brain repair.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) presents substantial clinical challenges, as existing treatments are unable to reverse damage or effectively promote brain tissue regeneration. Although implantable biomaterials have been proposed to support tissue repair by mitigating the adverse microenvironment in injured brains, many fail to replicate the complex composition and architecture of the native extracellular matrix (ECM), resulting in only limited therapeutic outcomes. This study introduces an innovative approach by developing a mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) spheroid-derived three-dimensional (3D) decellularized ECM (dECM) that is enriched with the MSC-derived matrisome and secretome, offering a promising solution for TBI treatment and brain tissue regeneration.

Corilagin improves cognitive impairment in APP/PS1 mice by reducing Aβ generation and enhancing synaptic plasticity.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is closely associated with the neurotoxic effects of amyloid-β (Aβ), leading to synaptic damage, neuronal loss and cognitive dysfunction. Previous in vitro studies have demonstrated the potential of corilagin to counteract Aβ-induced oxidative stress, inflammatory injury, and β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1) activity in Aβ production. However, the in vivo protective effects of corilagin on Alzheimer's disease remain unexplored.

Regulation of Autophagy Signaling Pathways by Ginseng Saponins: A Review.

Ginseng saponins (ginsenosides), bioactive compounds derived from ginseng, are widely used natural products with potent therapeutic properties in the management of various ailments, particularly tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and immune system disorders. Autophagy, a highly regulated and multistep process involving the breakdown of impaired organelles and macromolecules by autophagolysosomes and autophagy-related genes (ATGs), has gained increasing attention as a potential target for ginsenoside-mediated disease treatment. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent research advances in the understanding of autophagy-related signaling pathways and the role of ginsenoside-mediated autophagy regulation.

Differences in Vaccination Consultation Preferred by Primary Health Care Workers and Residents in Community Settings.

Objective: To evaluate the preference of primary HCWs and residents on vaccination consultation in community health services to provide evidence for vaccine hesitancy intervention strategies.

Methods: A discrete choice model (DCM) was constructed to evaluate the preference difference between primary HCWs and residents on vaccination consultation in community health services in China during May-July 2022.

Results: A total of 282 residents and 204 HCWs were enrolled in this study.

Exosomes derived from BMSCs enhance diabetic wound healing through circ-Snhg11 delivery.

Background: Exosomes (Exos) generated from bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are elucidated to enhance cutaneous wound healing in mice models of diabetes mellitus (DM). While underlying mechanisms remain unknown.

Methods: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to examine changes in circRNA expression levels following Exo treatment.

Chemoenzymatic Synthesis of GAA-7 Glycan Analogues and Evaluation of Their Neuritogenic Activities.

Ganglioside GAA-7 exhibits higher neurite outgrowth than ganglioside GM1a and most echinodermatous gangliosides (EGs) when tested on neuron-like rat adrenal pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells in the presence of nerve growth factor (NGF). The unique structure of GAA-7 glycan, containing an uncommon sialic acid (8--methyl--glycolylneuraminic acid) and sialic acid-α-2,3-GalNAc linkage, makes it challenging to synthesize. We recently developed a streamlined method to chemoenzymatically synthesize GAA-7 glycan and employed this modular strategy to efficiently prepare a library of GAA-7 glycan analogues incorporating N-modified or 8-methoxyl sialic acids.

Lipid parameters, adipose tissue distribution and prognosis prediction in chronic kidney Disease patients.

Background: Lipid management in clinic is critical to the prevention and treatment of Chronic kidney disease (CKD), while the manifestations of lipid indicators vary in types and have flexible association with CKD prognosis.

Purpose: Explore the associations between the widely used indicators of lipid metabolism and their distribution in clinic and CKD prognosis; provide a reference for lipid management and inform treatment decisions for patients with non-dialysis CKD stage 3-5.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study utilizing the Self-Management Program for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Cohort (SMP-CKD) database of 794 individuals with CKD stages 3-5.

Job burnout among primary healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional study in China.

Objective: This study evaluated job burnout among primary healthcare workers (PHCWs) in China during the COVID-19 pandemic, explored its influencing factors, and examined PHCWs' preferences for reducing job burnout.

Method: We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study in Heilongjiang, Sichuan, Anhui, Gansu, and Shandong Provinces. An electronic questionnaire survey was conducted through convenience sampling in communities from May to July 2022.

Ketamine Promoted Breast Cancer Invasion and Metastasis Through Up-regulating Wnt, BMP, and EGFR Signaling.

Background/aim: In this study, we used an orthotropic breast cancer model combined with ketamine addiction and next-generation sequencing (NGS) to comprehensively investigate molecular alterations in ketamine-mediated metastasis. Ketamine is widely used in anesthesia and drug abuse. Our previous study revealed that ketamine promotes the growth of breast cancer cells; however, the detailed molecular mechanism remains unknown.

Protocol for efficient human MSC chondrogenesis via Wnt antagonism instead of TGF-β.

To better implement mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy toward cartilage diseases, a more efficient and less off-target chondrogenesis protocol is needed. Here, we present a protocol to induce human MSC chondrogenesis via Wnt antagonism. We describe steps for pellet formation, Wnt antagonism-based chondrogenic induction, and refreshing the differentiation medium.

Analysis of deaths following yeast-derived hepatitis B vaccination of infants, China, January 2013 to December 2020.

In China, adverse events following immunization (AEFI) are reported by the China AEFI Surveillance System (CNAEFIS). Serious AEFI, including deaths, are mandatorily reported and are evaluated for causality by province-or prefecture-level panels of experts. Yeast-derived HepB is the most widely used HepB in China for infants.