Feasibility of coagulation-biological treatment of toxic herbal wastewater: Process performance, alkaloid removal and microbial characterization.

Coagulation, anaerobic Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) and Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), which are widely used in wastewater treatment, have important position in conventional wastewater treatment. However, these conventional processes have rarely been applied in special wastewater treatment such as toxic herbal wastewater. Can these conventional treatment processes be applied to the treatment of special wastewaters? In this study, coagulation-EGSB-SBR was used to treat a toxic herbal wastewater, and the change of microbial communities and the toxicity reduction in the process were analyzed.

Genetically distinct within-host subpopulations of hepatitis C virus persist after Direct-Acting Antiviral treatment failure.

Analysis of viral genetic data has previously revealed distinct within-host population structures in both untreated and interferon-treated chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. While multiple subpopulations persisted during the infection, each subpopulation was observed only intermittently. However, it was unknown whether similar patterns were also present after Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) treatment, where viral populations were often assumed to go through narrow bottlenecks.

Near telomere-to-telomere assembly of the Tarim pigeon (Columba livia) genome.

Pigeons serve as important model animals and commercial poultry. The Tarim pigeon, as a breed of Columba livia, is a locally indigenous breed unique to China. While the genome of C.

Increasing Lewis acidic sites and promoting electron transfer of MnO by C-hybridization to improve the peroxymonosulfate activation for Bisphenol A degradation.

The surface acidity and electron transfer performance of manganese oxide catalysts significantly affected its performance of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. In this work, MnO catalyst was prepared by the precipitation method. The C-hybridization MnO (MnO-D) catalyst prepared with disodium oxalate as a precipitant had more Mn and Lewis acid sites on the surface, promoting the binding of PMS on the catalyst surface, which exhibited the best performance in inducing PMS activation to degrade bisphenol A (BPA).

Visualizing supramolecular assembly behavior, stimulus response, and solid state emission of higher-order Pt aggregates.

Here, we present the first instance of a highly efficient red tetramer aggregate with tunable emission based on a cationic platinum(II) complex in conjunction with a silver cluster anion counterpart. This system exhibits multicolor emission response behaviors, which can be conveniently and directly detected through spectroscopic analysis, showcasing intriguing luminescence changes. The self-assembly of Pt⋯, π-π, and hydrogen bonding interactions not only enables an intriguing color adjustment from green to yellow emission, and eventually to red emission, but also demonstrates the co-existence of the monomer, excimer, and aggregation.

Unleashing the Power of Cold Atmospheric Plasma: Inducing Mitochondria Damage-Mediated Mitotic Catastrophe.

Despite the promise of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) for cancer treatment, the challenges associated with the treatment of solid tumors and penetration depth limitations remain, restricting its clinical application. Here, biological evidence is provided that the killing effect of CAP treatment is confined to less than 500 µm subcutaneously and the actual biological dose decreased gradually with depth for the first time, indicating that the limited penetration depth has become an urgent problem that demands immediate solutions. Significantly, it is showed that different from high-dose treatments, CAP decreased the doses to the low-dose range but still exhibited anti-tumor effects via mitotic catastrophe.

Bimetallic FeCu-MOF derivatives as heterogeneous catalysts with enhanced stability for electro-Fenton degradation of lisinopril.

A bimetallic FeCu/NC core-shell catalyst, consisting in nanoparticles where zero-valent Fe and Cu atoms, slightly oxidized on their surface, are encapsulated by carbon has been successfully prepared by modifying the synthesis route of MIL(Fe)-88B. FeCu/NC possessed well-balanced textural and electrochemical properties. According to voltammetric responses, in-situ Fe(III) reduction to Fe(II) by low-valent Cu was feasible, whereas the high double-layer capacitance confirmed the presence of a great number of electroactive sites that was essential for continuous HO activation to OH via Fenton's reaction.

Boosting the O-to-HO Selectivity Using Sn-Doped Carbon Electrocatalysts: Towards Highly Efficient Cathodes for Actual Water Decontamination.

The high cost and often complex synthesis procedure of new highly selective electrocatalysts (particularly those based on noble metals) for HO production are daunting obstacles to penetration of this technology into the wastewater treatment market. In this work, a simple direct thermal method has been employed to synthesize Sn-doped carbon electrocatalysts, which showed an electron transfer number of 2.04 and outstanding two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) selectivity of up to 98.

Enhanced mineralization of pharmaceutical residues at circumneutral pH by heterogeneous electro-Fenton-like process with Cu/C catalyst.

Conventional electro-Fenton (EF) process at acidic pH ∼3 is recognized as a highly effective strategy to degrade organic pollutants; however, homogeneous metal catalysts cannot be employed in more alkaline media. To overcome this limitation, pyrolytic derivatives from metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising heterogeneous catalysts. Cu-based MOFs were prepared using trimesic acid as the organic ligand and different pyrolysis conditions, yielding a set of nano-Cu/C catalysts that were analyzed by conventional methods.

Baicalein triggers ferroptosis in colorectal cancer cells via blocking the JAK2/STAT3/GPX4 axis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent form of gastrointestinal malignancy with challenges in chemotherapy resistance and side effects. Effective and low toxic drugs for CRC treatment are urgently needed. Ferroptosis is a novel mode of cell death, which has garnered attention for its therapeutic potential against cancer.

Effect of Limestone Powder Mixing Methods on the Performance of Mass Concrete.

Using limestone powder (LP), the by-product of manufactured sand, to replace part of fly ash (FA) or manufactured sand could not only turn waste into treasure and decrease the price of concrete, but could also enhance the performance of concrete and reduce environmental pollution. However, the impact of various LP incorporation methods on the performance of mass concrete was inconsistent. In this paper, the effects of LP on the workability, compressive strength, constrained expansion rate, hydration temperature and impermeability of mass concrete were studied by replacing FA or manufactured sand alone and replacing FA and manufactured sand simultaneously.

Synergism of non-thermal plasma and low concentration RSL3 triggers ferroptosis via promoting xCT lysosomal degradation through ROS/AMPK/mTOR axis in lung cancer cells.

Background: Though (1S, 3R)-RSL3 has been used widely in basic research as a small molecular inducer of ferroptosis, the toxicity on normal cells and poor pharmacokinetic properties of RSL3 limited its clinical application. Here, we investigated the synergism of non-thermal plasma (NTP) and low-concentration RSL3 and attempted to rise the sensitivity of NSCLC cells on RSL3.

Methods: CCK-8 assay was employed to detect the change of cell viability.

Exogenous carbon monoxide promotes GPX4-dependent ferroptosis through ROS/GSK3β axis in non-small cell lung cancer.

The gas therapy is drawing increasing attention in the treatment of many diseases including cancer. As one of gas signaling molecules, carbon monoxide (CO) has been proved to exert anti-cancer effects via triggering multiple cell death types, such as autophagy, apoptosis and necrosis. Here, we showed that low concentration CO delivered from CO-releasing molecule 3 (CORM-3) effectively induced ferroptosis, known as a novel proinflammatory programmed cell death, in vitro and in vivo.

Electron-transfer pathways insights into contaminants oxidized by Cu-OOSO intermediate: Effects of oxidation states of Cu and solution pH values.

The copper-peroxy complex (Cu-OOSO) metastable intermediate has been confirmed to oxidize contaminants via a single-electron-transfer pathway or an oxygen-atom-transfer pathway. And the effects of Cu oxidation states and reaction pH conditions on the intermediate properties have not been explored in depth. Here, copper oxide (CuO) catalysts with different Cu oxidation states were synthesized by a simple precipitation method by controlling the reaction temperature from 0 to 45 °C.

A Naturally Occurring Microhomology-Mediated Deletion of Three Genes in African Swine Fever Virus Isolated from Two Sardinian Wild Boars.

African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of a lethal disease of domestic pigs and wild boars. ASF threatens the pig industry worldwide due to the lack of a licensed vaccine or treatment. The disease has been endemic for more than 40 years in Sardinia (Italy), but an intense campaign pushed it close to eradication; virus circulation was last detected in wild boars in 2019.

The mutational spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 genomic and antigenomic RNA.

The raw material for viral evolution is provided by intra-host mutations occurring during replication, transcription or post-transcription. Replication and transcription of proceed through the synthesis of negative-sense 'antigenomes' acting as templates for positive-sense genomic and subgenomic RNA. Hence, mutations in the genomes of SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses can occur during (and after) the synthesis of either negative-sense or positive-sense RNA, with potentially distinct patterns and consequences.

CoO crystal plane regulation to efficiently activate peroxymonosulfate in water: The role of oxygen vacancies.

Crystal plane effect has attracted remarkable attention in the process of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation in water. In this work, nanocube-CoO (CoO-NC), nanoplate-CoO (CoO-NP) and nanorod-like CoO (CoO-NR) with (100), (111) and (110) plane predominant exposure is prepared by a facile hydrothermal method. CoO-NR with (110) plane exposed possesses more lattice defects (oxygen vacancies, Ov) and low oxidation state Co (Co), consequently, it exhibits a superior activity for PMS activation to efficiently remove bisphenol A (BPA) in water.

Phylogenetic estimation of the viral fitness landscape of HIV-1 set-point viral load.

Set-point viral load (SPVL), a common measure of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 virulence, is partially determined by viral genotype. Epidemiological evidence suggests that this viral property has been under stabilising selection, with a typical optimum for the virus between 10 and 10 copies of viral RNA per ml. Here we aimed to detect transmission fitness differences between viruses from individuals with different SPVLs directly from phylogenetic trees inferred from whole-genome sequences.