Astragaloside IV Binds with RhoA, Inhibits EndMT and Ameliorates Myocardial Fibrosis in Mice.

Astragaloside IV (ASIV), the main active component of the traditional Chinese medicine HuangQi, exhibits ameliorating effects on myocardial fibrosis through unclear mechanisms. To investigate the effects of ASIV on Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) in myocardial fibrosis, 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 was used to induce EndMT in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and a 5 mg/kg/d subcutaneous injection of Isoproterenol (ISO) was used to induce myocardial fibrosis in mice . The drug affinity-responsive target stability (DARTS) was used to identify the target proteins of ASIV in endothelial cells.

Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose/polyvinyl alcohol/clove essential oil composite hydrogel with integrated antibacterial, antifreeze, and conductive properties as a wearable sensor for human motion monitoring.

Conductive hydrogels have emerged as promising materials for flexible wearable electronics; however, their facile fabrication remains challenging. This study presents an antifreeze, antibacterial, and conductive hydrogel constructed from biomacromolecules sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The hydrogel was synthesized via a simple one-pot method in an ethylene glycol/water (EG/H₂O) binary solvent system, incorporating lithium chloride (LiCl) and clove essential oil (CEO), followed by a single freeze-thaw cycle.

Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate in Diagnosing Mild Autonomous Cortisol Secretion and Adrenal Insufficiency.

Context: Data on diagnostic accuracy of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) for mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS) and adrenal insufficiency (AI) are discrepant.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies assessing the accuracy of DHEA-S in diagnosing MACS or AI.

Methods: From inception to January 8, 2024, we searched databases for original studies of at least 20 participants with MACS or AI.

Integrated subcellular localization of functional fluorescence probes and functional analysis in motile spermatozoa by an AI-enhanced algorithm.

In the evaluation of male infertility, precise assessment of sperm functional competence has surpassed the requirements of conventional semen parameters. Existing computer-aided analysis systems are deficient at the molecular diagnostic level and also face challenges in live-cell fluorescence quantification. To address these issues, we have developed a novel integrated computational-imaging platform that combines a fine-tuned You Only Look Once version 8 (YOLOv8) architecture, tailored for the EVISEN dataset, with dual-probe fluorescence microscopy image segmentation, enabling simultaneous quantification of intracellular pH (pHi) and mitochondrial DNA G-quadruplexes (mtDNA G4s).

Automated Kidney Tumor Segmentation in CT Images Using Deep Learning: A Multi-Stage Approach.

Rationale And Objectives: Computed tomography (CT) remains the primary modality for assessing renal tumors; however, tumor identification and segmentation rely heavily on manual interpretation by clinicians, which is time-consuming and subject to inter-observer variability. The heterogeneity of tumor appearance and indistinct margins further complicate accurate delineation, impacting histopathological classification, treatment planning, and prognostic assessment. There is a pressing clinical need for an automated segmentation tool to enhance diagnostic workflows and support clinical decision-making with results that are reliable, accurate, and reproducible.