Examining predictors of compassion fatigue among Iranian nurses: the role of personality traits and socio-emotional support.

Background: Compassion is a core element of helping professions, particularly nursing; however, prolonged exposure to emotional demands can lead to compassion fatigue, negatively impacting performance and care quality. This study aimed to predict the role of personality traits and socio-emotional support in compassion fatigue among nurses at Al-Zahra Hospital in Isfahan, Iran.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was used to examine the predictors of compassion fatigue among nurses.

miR-184 in hepatocellular carcinoma: a promising therapeutic target.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most prevalent form of liver cancer worldwide and has high mortality rates. miRNAs, particularly miR-184, have been implicated in cancer biology, where they regulate gene expression and influence tumorigenesis. This study explored the role of miR-184 in HCC, revealing its dual function as both an oncogene and a tumor suppressor, depending on the target genes.

Synergistic topical cancer therapy using dual drug delivery of dexamethasone and 5-fluorouracil via deoxycholic acid micelle-carboxymethyl cellulose hydrogel composites.

Topical formulations containing 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) have been proven effective in preventing the proliferation of skin cancer cells. However, their use is linked to side effects such as inflammatory and allergic reactions. Dexamethasone (Dexa) is a synthetic glucocorticoid used across allergic reactions which can be useful in preventing the 5-FU side effects.

Cinnamaldehyde potentiates cytotoxic and apoptogenic effects of doxorubicin in prostate cancer cell line.

Background And Purpose: Nowadays, herbal medicine has been utilized to treat various diseases such as cancer, which showed successful therapeutic efficacy in previous studies. This study for the first time evaluated the cytotoxic potential of cinnamaldehyde (CIN) alone and in combination with doxorubicin (DOX), a well-known potent anti-tumor agent, on the proliferation of prostatic cancer cell line (PC3).

Experimental Approach: The cytotoxicity and apoptotic activities of CIN and DOX, either separately or together, were determined on PC3 cells by the MTT test and Annexin V/PI assay, respectively.

A multifunctional polyacrylonitrile fibers/alginate-based hydrogel loaded with chamomile extract and silver sulfadiazine for full-thickness wound healing.

Most conventional wound dressings do not meet the clinical requisites owing to their limited multifunctionality. Herein, a bilayer wound dressing containing both hydrogel and fibrous structures with multifunctional features was developed for effective skin rehabilitation. Sodium alginate (SA)/gelatin (Gel) hydrogel comprising Matricaria chamomilla L extract and silver sulfadiazine (AgSD) drug as antibacterial agents was cross-linked using genipin and CaCl.

Non-clinical Safety Evaluation of Camelina Oil: Acute and 12-Week Oral Toxicities.

This study assessed the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of Camelina oil, a well-known oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids that enhance cellular immunity and human health, in Wistar rats. Wistar rats, 5 per sex per group, were randomly assigned to three groups for acute (14 days) toxicity studies and five groups for sub-chronic (90 days) toxicity studies. In the acute study, Camelina sativa oil was administered orally at a single dose of 5000 mg/kg of body weight (BW).

The androgen receptor interacts with GATA3 to transcriptionally regulate a luminal epithelial cell phenotype in breast cancer.

Background: The androgen receptor (AR) is a tumor suppressor in estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer, a role sustained in some ER negative breast cancers. Key factors dictating AR genomic activity in a breast context are largely unknown. Herein, we employ an unbiased chromatin immunoprecipitation-based proteomic technique to identify endogenous AR interacting co-regulatory proteins in ER positive and negative models of breast cancer to gain new insight into mechanisms of AR signaling in this disease.

Potential Role of Zinc Finger 365 and in Mammographic Density, Sporadic Breast Cancer Risk, and Prognosis.

Background: Despite suggesting many genetic risk markers as the outcome of Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for breast cancer, replicating the results in different populations has remained the main issue. In this regard, this study assessed the association of two variations in Zinc Finger 365 () in an Iranian population.

Methods: In a case-control study conducted at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, between 2017 and 2020, - and were genotyped using Allele-Specific PCR (AS-PCR).

Recent Advances of Optical Biosensors in Veterinary Medicine: Moving Towards the Point of Care Applications.

While food safety issues are attracting public concern due to their detrimental effects on human health, monitoring livestock health is urgently needed to diagnose animal diseases at an early stage by applying proper treatments, controlling, and preventing outbreaks, particularly in resource- limited countries. In addition, unhealthy farms are not only a threat to livestock but also to human lives. The available diagnostic techniques for the detection of key health threats within both the food and livestock sectors require labor-intensive and time-consuming experimental procedures and sophisticated and expensive instruments.

A nanofiber-hydrogel composite from green synthesized AgNPs embedded to PEBAX/PVA hydrogel and PA/Pistacia atlantica gum nanofiber for wound dressing.

A polyamide/Pistacia atlantica (P.a) gum nanofiber, fabricated by electrospinning method, was coated on a layer of PEBAX/PVA hydrogel embedded with green synthesized Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) and the prepared nanofiber-hydrogel composite was assessed for wound dressing application. The AgNPs were characterized using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Zeta potential analysis.

Synthesis of Mn-ofloxacin complex, experimental and in silico DNA binding evaluation, biological activity assessment.

Metal-fluoroquinolones have more antibacterial and cytotoxic effects compared to free fluoroquinolones. In this work, a bidentated Mn (II) complex with ofloxacin (MOC) was synthesized and its cytotoxicity activity, oxidative stress and DNA binding were studied. Anti- proliferative and cytotoxic tests revealed that MOC exhibits better anti proliferative and cytotoxic activities compared to OFL which was attributed to the more interaction of MOC with DNA.

Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Inducing Evaluation of Novel Halogenated Isatin Derivatives.

Background: Isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) and its derivatives have been utilized in a variety of biological activities. Anticancer compounds were the most extensively highlighted and explored among the range of beneficial properties.

Objective: Herein, we report the targeting effect of halogenated isatin derivatives on cancer cell mitochondria and their antiproliferative mechanism.

Oxypeucedanin and isoimperatorin extracted from (L.) Lindl protect PC12 pheochromocytoma cells from oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by doxorubicin.

Background And Purpose: Doxorubicin (DOX) as a chemotherapeutic agent has been widely used in the treatment of various types of cancer. However, DOX exerts a toxic effect on normal tissues such as the brain. Furanocoumarins reduce the risk of cardiovascular and brain diseases because of their antioxidant activities.

In vitro evaluation of the anticancer activity of barbituric/thiobarbituric acid-based chromene derivatives.

Background: Cancer is one of the most important reasons for mortality worldwide. Several synthetic products have shown valuable efficiency as an anticancer medicines. Chromene derivatives have long been used as the promising compounds which are potent in inhibition of the growth of tumors.

Microfluidics-Integrated Sensors toward Rapid Detection of Single Nucleotide Variations.

Rapid detection of single nucleotide variations (SNVs) is of critical importance to early diagnosis of several diseases and the prediction of diverse responses to a specific treatment. Based on the information published in the literature, discrimination of SNVs is a developing area of study with great research enthusiasm and is also an area that can benefit from microfluidics-integrated designs. This review provides a brief overview of different microfluidics-based strategies for rapid detection of SNVs and mismatched bases.

Flexible electrospun nanofibrous film integrated with fluorescent carbon dots for smartphone-based detection and cellular imaging application.

The dose of administered chemotherapy drugs is crucial to determine due to the potential for efficient or adverse outcomes for cancer patients. To date, no user-friendly and low-cost method of doxorubicin (DOX) detection using nontoxic and biodegradable materials has been reported. For this reason, in this work, we have developed for the first time a nanofiber-based sensing platform for sensitive and on-site DOX assay in just 10 min.

Synthesis and in vitro quantification of amyloid fibrils by barbituric and thiobarbituric acid-based chromene derivatives.

Neurodegenerative disease is caused by the abnormal build-up of proteins in and around cells called amyloid. The amyloid fibril formation and its mechanism have been investigated with various techniques, including dye-binding assay. Thioflavin T (ThT) has been one of the most widely used dyes for quantifying amyloid deposits, but ThT has a weak fluorescence signal especially at low concentration of amyloid fibrils, low lipophilicity and positive charge that makes it unable to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to detect amyloid fibrils in vivo.

Preparation, Characterization and In Vitro Biological Evaluation of Novel Curcumin Derivatives as Cytotoxic and Apoptosis-Inducing Agents.

Background: Curcumin is a natural polyphenol and lead compound of the rhizomes of curcuma longa and it has been widely used for pharmacological activities.

Objective: In this study, a series of novel derivatives of curcumin, with this group linked to a 2-amino-4- phenylpyran-3-carbonitrile system, have been synthesized and tested for their antitumor activities in vitro against a panel of three human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, A2780, and U-87MG).

Methods: The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was tested on three cancer cell lines (MCF-7, A2780, and U-87MG) using MTT colorimetric assay.

Spherical Gold Nanoparticles: Small Interfering RNA Delivery in Regulation of the Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha Gene Expression.

Proinflammatory cytokines are signaling molecules that are expelled from immune cells like macrophages and other types of cells. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is overexpressed during inflammation caused by inflammatory diseases. Therefore, the regulation of TNF-α has a key role in inflammation.

Evaluation of the cytotoxic and apoptogenic effects of cinnamaldehyde on U87MG cells alone and in combination with doxorubicin.

Background And Purpose: In the present study, we tried for the first time to examine whether cinnamaldehyde (CA), with herbal nature, can be co-administrated with doxorubicin (DOX, as an anticancer drug) toward U87MG glioblastoma cells to potentiate its cytotoxic effect and overcome or reduce its side effects.

Experimental Approach: The cytotoxic effect of DOX and CA, either individually or in combination, were evaluated on U87MG cells using the MTT method. The mechanism of action was studied by investigating the mode of cell death using caspase-3 and 9 activations, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) as well as sub G1 analysis.

Ratiometric bioassay and visualization of dopamine β-hydroxylase in brain cells utilizing a nanohybrid fluorescence probe.

Dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) is involved in various neuronal transmission processes in the brain. Due to the severe diseases caused by abnormity levels of such important enzyme in human serum, sensitive and rapid detection of DBH at early stages is crucial, particularly for clinical analysis. Herein, we developed optical sensors for DBH that include the following: (i) a ratiometric fluorescence sensor that hybridizes the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-gold nanoclusters (BSA-AuNCs) and nitrogen doped carbon dots (N-CDs).

TSGA10 Over Expression Decreases Metastasic and Metabolic Activity by Inhibiting HIF-1 in Breast Cancer Cells.

Background And Aims: HIF-1 is an important factor that play critical roles in metabolic and metastasis activity of cancer cells. HIF-1 activity can have regulated by TSGA10. Although decreased metastatic activity of cancer cells through TSGA10 inhibitory effect on HIF-1 have already been demonstrated, changes in cancer metabolism and its impact on metastasis in breast cancer is still not determined.