Bycatch in Cetaceans from the North-Western Mediterranean Sea: Retrospective Study of Lesions and Utility of Bycatch Criteria.

Bycatch is the most common cause of death of small delphinids worldwide, including the Mediterranean Sea. The diagnosis of bycatch as cause of death in stranded cetaceans depends on the cumulative presence of multiple findings, termed bycatch criteria. In this study, we retrospectively evaluated the presence of bycatch criteria in 138 necropsied cetaceans, 136 stranded and 2 confirmed bycaught, in the Catalan Mediterranean Sea across a 13-year period.

Potential Herbicidal and Insecticidal (Beneficial) Properties of Nepalese Lemongrass Essential Oil.

Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, commonly known as lemongrass, is a member of the Poaceae family and is native to tropical and subtropical regions, including South Asia. The species is renowned for its diverse applications in culinary arts, perfumery, and traditional medicinal practices.

Role of nutrient supplements in children with post-COVID condition: a retrospective preliminary observation and narrative review.

Background: Post-COVID Condition (PCC), emerging as a significant long-term consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection, affects not only adults but also the pediatric population. Despite ongoing research, the precise pathophysiology of PCC remains elusive. However, several putative mechanisms have been identified, leading to the exploration of various therapeutic strategies.

Chemical Profile and Bioactivities of Three Species of Growing in the Campania Region, Southern Italy.

The genus (Lamiaceae), comprising aromatic perennial plants widely distributed in temperate regions, holds significant medicinal and commercial value. This study aimed to investigate the chemical profile and bioactivities of hydroalcoholic extracts from (L.) L.

Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post-harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 5 (Frozen FVH process water management plan).

Water used in post-harvest handling and processing operations is an important risk factor for microbiological cross-contamination of fruits, vegetables and herbs (FVH). Industrial data indicated that the frozen FVH sector is characterised by operational cycles between 8 and 120 h, variable product volumes and no control of the temperature of process water. Intervention strategies were limited to the use of water disinfection treatments such as peroxyacetic acid and hydrogen peroxide.

Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post-harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 2 - A dynamic mass balance model for handling and processing operations in ffFVH using water.

A dynamic mass balance model was developed to simulate contamination dynamics in the process water of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH) during processing and handling operations. The mass balance relates to the flux of water and product in a wash tank and the number of microbial cells released in the water, inactivated by the water disinfectant or transferred from the water back to the product. Critical variables describing microbial dynamics in water are: (i) the chemical oxygen demand (COD), as an indicator of the concentration of organic matter; (ii) free chlorine (FC) and particularly its antimicrobial fraction, hypochlorous acid (HOCl); and (iii) the microbial population levels.

Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post-harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 4 (fresh-cut FVH process water management plan).

Water used in post-harvest handling and processing operations is an important risk factor for microbiological cross-contamination of fruits, vegetables and herbs (FVH). Industrial data indicated that the fresh-cut FVH sector is characterised by process water at cooled temperature, operational cycles between 1 and 15 h, and product volumes between 700 and 3000 kg. Intervention strategies were based on water disinfection treatments mostly using chlorine-based disinfectants.

Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post-harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 3 (Fresh-whole FVH process water management plan).

Water used in post-harvest handling and processing operations is an important risk factor for microbiological cross-contamination of fruits, vegetables and herbs (FVH). Industrial data indicated that the fresh-whole FVH sector is characterised by very variable operational cycle duration (between 8 and 900 h), large product volumes (e.g.

Endocrinologic Dysfunctions and Neuropsychiatric Sequelae in Pediatric Patients With a History of Central Nervous System Infection (ENDLESS): A Prospective Monocentric Study.

Introduction: Central nervous system (CNS) infections represent some of the most critical pediatric health challenges, characterized by high mortality rates and a notable risk of long-term complications. Despite their significance, standardized guidelines for endocrinological follow-up of CNS infection survivors are lacking, leading to reliance on the expertise of individual centers and clinicians.

Materials And Methods: Prospective monocentric observational study conducted at the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli in Rome, Italy.

Salvia pratensis L. extracts as potential eco-friendly herbicides for sustainable agricultural applications.

The aim of this study is based on the searching of "new" potential environmentally friendly plant based products with herbicidal activity. The purpose of the study is also to find the source which is easy to harvest in high amount within the local environment. Salvia pratensis L.

Composition and antimicrobial activity of hydroalcoholic extracts of var. and var. .

Background: The basidiomycetes var. Lanzi and var. Venturella et al.

Guidance for establishing and applying tolerable upper intake levels for vitamins and essential minerals.

Vitamins and essential minerals are micronutrients that are required for the normal functioning of the human body. However, they may lead to adverse health effects if consumed in excess. A tolerable upper intake level (UL) is a science-based reference value that supports policy-makers and other relevant actors in managing the risks of excess nutrient intake.

Serological Investigation for in Cetaceans from the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea.

Neurobrucellosis in cetaceans, caused by , is a relevant cause of death in striped dolphins () from the Mediterranean Sea. Serological tests are not used as a routinary technique for the diagnosis of this infection. We briefly describe the pathological findings of nine free-ranging stranded cetaceans diagnosed with disease or infection in our veterinary necropsy service from 2012 to 2022.

A developmental neurotoxicity adverse outcome pathway (DNT-AOP) with voltage gate sodium channel (VGSC) inhibition as a molecular initiating event (MiE).

The adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework serves as a practical tool for organising scientific knowledge that can be used to infer cause-effect relationships between stressor events and toxicity outcomes in intact organisms. However, a major challenge in the broader application of the AOP concept within regulatory toxicology is the development of a robust AOPs that can withstand peer review and acceptance. This is mainly due to the considerable amount of work required to substantiate the modular units of a complete AOP, which can take years from inception to completion.

The impact of the proposed revised Australia's microbiological monitoring programme for beef and sheep meat exported to the EU.

The European Commission asks scientific and technical assistance from EFSA to determine the impact of the revision of the Australian monitoring programme on its ability to detect microbiological contamination. Considering that, in 2010, the European Commission determined the current Australian monitoring programme to be equivalent to the EU requirements for microbiological monitoring further to an EFSA scientific assessment, the current and proposed programmes were described and the total number of alerts was compared using a probabilistic modelling approach. In the current programme, only beef and sheep carcasses are monitored using three-class moving window sampling plans, while in the proposed programme, carcass, bulk meat, primal and offal are monitored using four two-class sampling plans and testing is excluded.

Neurobrucellosis () in striped dolphins (): Immunohistochemical studies on immune response and neuroinflammation.

Neurobrucellosis is a shared condition of cetaceans and humans. However, the pathogenesis and immune response in cetacean neurobrucellosis has not been extensively studied. In this multicentric investigation, 21 striped dolphin () neurobrucellosis () cases diagnosed over a 10-year period (2012-2022) were retrospectively evaluated.

The Relationship Between Vitamin D Intake and Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Young Children: A Meta-Regression to Inform WHO/FAO Vitamin D Intake Recommendations.

Background: This work was commissioned by the World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization to inform their update on the vitamin D requirements for children aged <4 y.

Objectives: The objective of this work was to undertake multilevel and multivariable dose-response modeling of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) to total vitamin D intake in children aged <4 y with the goal of deriving updated vitamin D requirements for young children.

Methods: Systematically identified randomized controlled trials among healthy children from 2 wk up to 3.

Exploring the Diverse Biological Properties of Cannabidiol: A Focus on Plant Growth Stimulation.

The aim of the current study was to compare some biological activities of edible oils enriched with 10 % of cannabidiol (CBD samples) from the Slovak market. In addition, hemp, coconut, argan, and pumpkin pure oils were also examined. The study evaluated the fatty acids content, as well as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and phytotoxic activities.

Emphysematous pyometra and emphysematous hepatitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in a diabetic dog.

A 14-year-old intact female diabetic dog presented with seizures and hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. Radiographs revealed gas-filled tubular structures in the right and left caudal abdomen, raising concerns of emphysematous pyometra or small intestinal ileus. Ultrasonography played a pivotal role in confirming emphysematous pyometra, a technique previously documented only once in veterinary practice.

Erysipelas with preferential brain and skin involvement in a Mediterranean bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus.

Infections by Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae occur in domestic animals and cause the disease known as 'erysipelas'. The ubiquity of Erysipelothrix spp. makes infection possible in a wide range of vertebrates and invertebrates.

Adiaspiromycoses in Wild Rodents from the Pyrenees, Northeastern Spain.

Adiaspiromycosis is a nontransmissible infectious pulmonary disease caused by the inhalation of propagules from fungal species belonging to the family Ajellomicetaceae, especially Emergomyces crescens. Adiaspiromycosis caused by E. crescens has been recorded in a broad number of species worldwide, with small burrowing mammals being considered the main hosts for this environmental pathogen.