Underlying disease is the main risk factor in post-splenectomy complication risk: Data from a national database.

Splenectomy is required for many haematological conditions and causes an increased risk of severe infections and vascular events. The association between underlying haematological disease, age at splenectomy and post-splenectomy complications was explored among 1348 splenectomized patients, followed with a median follow-up time of 13 years and affected by transfusion-dependent thalassaemia, non-transfusion-dependent thalassaemia (NTDT), sickle cell anaemia (SCA), congenital haemolytic anaemias, autoimmune haematological disorders and trauma. Our main statistical approach was based on interaction analyses within competing-risk survival models.

Prevalence and risk factors of anemia in internationally adopted children: a cohort study.

Background: Adoptive children, who have often experienced inadequate healthcare, malnutrition, and exposure to infectious diseases in their countries of origin, are vulnerable to a range of health problems among which anemia is a major one, potentially leading to long term sequelae. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors associated with anemia in a cohort of internationally adopted children evaluated at the Pediatric Clinic of the Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" in Rome.

Evaluating the Effect of Climate on Viral Respiratory Diseases Among Children Using AI.

: Respiratory viral infections (RVIs) exhibit seasonal patterns influenced by biological, ecological, and climatic factors. Weather variables such as temperature, humidity, and wind impact the transmission of droplet-borne viruses, potentially affecting disease severity. However, the role of climate in predicting complications in pediatric RVIs remains unclear, particularly in the context of climate-change-driven extreme weather events.

Use of multimedia devices in pediatric age: risks or advantages? A survey in an Italian center.

Background: Nowadays children live in a digital world, exposed to relevant risks for their health and safety. The aim of this study is to investigate the use of multimedia devices in a sample of children and adolescents.

Methods: The study was performed between November 2018 and June 2019 in a third-level University Hospital, recruiting children and adolescents during general or specialistic follow-up visits.

Determinants of antibiotic prescription in children with adenovirus respiratory tract infections.

We performed this study to evaluate factors associated with antibiotic prescriptions in children with adenovirus infection, since no studies have attempted to address this aspect in the pediatric population. Retrospective study of children younger than 18 years of age tested positive for adenovirus on a syndromic nasopharyngeal test from 2018 to 2023. We compared the need of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), invasive ventilation, and other respiratory support, viral etiologies, clinical presentations, imaging, and laboratory results in the precovid (2018-2019) and covid (2020-2022) period.

Utility of Rapid Nasopharyngeal Swab for Respiratory Pathogens in the Diagnosis of Viral Infections in Children Hospitalized with Fever: A Prospective Validation Study to Improve Antibiotic Use.

Fever is among the most common reason for medical assessment and antibiotic prescription in practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate positive and negative predictive values of rapid nasopharyngeal swabs for respiratory pathogens to discriminate viral from bacterial infections. We prospectively tested children with signs and/or symptoms of infections (e.

Can the CHOP-INTEND be used as An Outcome Measure in the First Months of Age? Implications for Clinical Trials and Real World Data.

Background: The CHOP-INTEND is an established outcome measure used to assess motor function in young and weak SMA patients previously validated in type I infants older than 3 months.

Objective: The aim of our study was to assess the maturation of the CHOP-INTEND scores in a group of healthy infants, establishing which items of the scale can be reliably used in individuals younger than 3 months.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study.

Changes in clinical, demographic, and outcome patterns of children hospitalized with non-SARS-CoV-2 viral low respiratory tract infections before and during the COVID pandemic in Rome, Italy.

Introduction: We performed this study aiming to evaluate changes in epidemiology, clinical presentation and outcomes of children hospitalized for viral lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI).

Methods: We performed a retrospective study of children younger than 18 years of age hospitalized for LRTIs with a positive respiratory viral testing from 2018 to 2022. We compared need of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), invasive ventilation, and other respiratory support, viral etiologies, clinical presentations, imaging, and laboratory results in the precovid (2018-2019) and covid (2020-2022) period.

Characteristics of Children and Adolescents with Hyperinsulinemia Undergoing Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: A Single-Center Retrospective Observational Study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate a potential correlation between results of the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and the auxological/metabolic parameters in a cohort of overweight patients assessed for suspicion of hyperinsulinism. We analyzed 206 patients, comparing those with insulin peak below (nonhyperinsulinemic) and over 100 uIU/mL (hyperinsulinemic) at the OGTT. We found a significant difference in weight ( 0.

Assessment for late developmental hip dysplasia in a cohort of infants with risk factors and normal hip ultrasound.

Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a known orthopedic pathology of newborns that, if not diagnosed and treated, can lead to debilitating long-term consequences. Ultrasound has proven to be an effective method for the early diagnosis of this condition. Recently, reports of late DDH in populations at risk (breech presentation) and after negative ultrasound examination have emerged in the literature.

Extended coagulation profile of children with Long Covid: a prospective study.

Emerging data suggests that endotheliopathy changes can be associated with post covid condition (PCC) in adults. Research on the matter in children is lacking. We analyzed an extended coagulation profile including biomarkers of endothelial damage in children with PCC and compared it with a control group of children that fully recovered post- SARS-CoV-2 infection.

COVID-19 review shows that benefits of vaccinating children and adolescents appear to outweigh risks of post-vaccination myopericarditis.

Aim: Myopericarditis after COVID-19 vaccination were the most serious adverse events reported in children over 5 years of age. We want to summarise these cases, describing their incidence, clinical features, diagnostic pathways, therapeutic strategies and outcome.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted until 20 March 2022 by bibliographic electronic databases.

Central precocious puberty in children after COVID-19 outbreak: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: Central precocious puberty (CPP) was an unexplored issue during COVID-19 pandemic and an important disease in the adolescence life. Our aim was to evaluate the incidence of the new cases of CPP during COVID-19 pandemic, comparing these results with the data for the same period over the previous three years. The secondary objective was to analyze the rate of pubertal progression in children during COVID-19 outbreak.

The Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Italian School-Aged Children: Sleep-Related Difficulties and Trauma Reactions.

Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mental and physical health of the world population. This study aims to investigate incidence of sleep-related difficulties and post-traumatic stress disorder in the school-aged children after 1 year of the pandemic.

Methods: A sample of Italian children (6-12 years) was queried about their sleep behaviors after 1 year of the pandemic, answering the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ).

Association between Coagulation Profile and Clinical Outcome in Children with SARS-CoV-2 Infection or MIS-C: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

Limited data on the coagulation profile in children affected by the SARS-CoV-2 infection are available. We aimed to evaluate the role of d-dimers as predictors of poor outcomes in a pediatric population affected by the SARS-CoV-2 infection or multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). We performed a retrospective cross-sectional multicenter study.

Assessment of Congenital Neutropenia in Children: Common Clinical Sceneries and Clues for Management.

A disparate group of rare hematological diseases characterized by impaired maturation of neutrophil granulocytes defines congenital neutropenias. Neutropenic patients are prone to recurrent infections beginning in the first months of life. Of interest is "cyclic neutropenia," an ultra-rare disorder revealed by sinusoidal variations in the neutrophil count and recurring infections every 21 days.