Targeting CD155 in lung adenocarcinoma: A5 nanobody-based therapeutics for precision treatment and enhanced drug delivery.

This study presents a novel approach targeting CD155, an overexpressed protein in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), using nanobodies with exceptional precision and efficacy. The significant upregulation of CD155 in LUAD, associated with poor patient outcomes, highlights its potential as a therapeutic target. An anti-CD155 nanobody (A5 Nb) is developed that binds to CD155-positive lung cancer cells with high affinity (A5 Nb K = 0.

NanoBinder: a machine learning assisted nanobody binding prediction tool using Rosetta energy scores.

Nanobodies offer significant therapeutic potential due to their small size, stability, and versatility. Although advancements in computational protein design have made designing de novo nanobodies increasingly feasible, there are limited tools specifically tailored for this purpose. Rosetta with its specialized protocols, is a prominent tool for nanobody design but is limited by a high false-negative rate, necessitating extensive high-throughput screening.

Immunomodulatory Potential of 6-Gingerol and 6-Shogaol in -Fermented Extract on Murine Macrophages.

In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the physiological activity of ethanol extracts of was improved after fermentation with strains KCTC 3108 (FLP8) and KCL005 (FLP9). Total polyphenol and flavonoid content was substantially increased after fermentation with FLP8 and FLP9 for 48 h and 24 h, respectively, compared with the unfermented control. The 6-gingerol content was significantly increased in FLP9 after 24 h of fermentation, whereas in FLP8, it remained comparable to pre-fermentation levels.

Scyllatoxin-based peptide design for E. coli expression and HIV gp120 binding.

Targeting the hydrophobic Phe43 pocket of HIV's envelope glycoprotein gp120 is a critical strategy for antiviral interventions due to its role in interacting with the host cell's CD4. Previous inhibitors, including small molecules and CD4 mimetic peptides based on scyllatoxin, have demonstrated significant binding and neutralization capabilities but were often chemically synthesized or contained non-canonical amino acids. Microbial expression using natural amino acids offers advantages such as cost-effectiveness, scalability, and efficient production of fusion proteins.

Fabrication of WO Quantum Dots with Different Emitting Colors and Their Utilization in Luminescent Woods.

With a rising interest in smart windows and optical displays, the utilization of metal oxides (MOs) has garnered significant attention owing to their high active sites, flexibility, and tunable electronic and optical properties. Despite these advantages, achieving precise tuning of optical properties in MOs-based quantum dots and their mass production remains a challenge. In this study, we present an easily scalable approach to generate WO quantum dots with diverse sizes through sequential insertion/exfoliation processes in solvents with suitable surface tension.

An Ultramicroporous Graphene-Based 3D Structure Derived from Cellulose-Based Biomass for High-Performance CO Capture.

The use of powered activated carbon is often limited by inconsistent particle sizes and porosities, leading to reduced adsorption efficiencies. In this study, we demonstrated a practical and environmentally friendly method for creating a 3D graphene nanostructure with highly uniform ultramicropores from wood-based biomass through a series of delignification, carbonization, and activation processes. In addition, we evaluated the capture characteristics of this structure for CO, CH, and N gases as well as its selectivity for binary-mixture gases.

Augmentation of NK-cell activity and immunity by combined natural polyphenols and saccharides in vitro and in vivo.

Curcuma longa and Sargassum coreanum are commonly used in traditional pharmaceutical medicine to improve immune function in chronic diseases. The present study was designed to systematically elucidate the in vitro and in vivo immuno-enhancing effects of a combination of C. longa and S.

Correction of Congenital Syndactyly of the Hand with Minimal Full-Thickness Skin Graft from the Weight-Bearing Midline Plantar Area.

Background: Traditional skin grafts for syndactyly often cause color mismatches and unsightly donor sites, whereas no-skin graft methods leave noticeable dorsal hand scars. This study presents a plantar full-thickness skin graft (FTSG) from the weight-bearing midline area for syndactyly repair, a novel approach not previously reported in the literature.

Methods: The study included 3 groups of patients with congenital syndactyly of the hand who underwent primary operations with plantar FTSG ( n = 70), groin FTSG ( n = 20), and no-skin graft techniques ( n = 22).

Simultaneous or Delayed Free Tissue Transfer in Combination with Replantation Surgery.

In hand and upper extremity replantation surgery, simultaneous free flap reconstruction restores the physiologic circulation to the amputated part, ensuring its survival, and promotes wound healing through anatomic restoration. Especially in digit replantation, an arterialized venous flap serves to reconstruct both vessel and soft tissue defects simultaneously. Delayed free flap reconstruction aims to enhance both functional improvement and cosmetic acceptance in a successfully replanted part using flaps that include functioning muscle, bone, joint, nerve, and soft tissue.

The Expanded Application of the Acellular Dermal Matrix: Traumatic Nail Bed Defect of the Digits.

Reconstruction of traumatic nail bed defects in the digits is a frequently encountered procedure, yet often presents many challenges. In such scenarios, staged procedures may be required with significant limitations in shape and increased donor site morbidity, particularly when multiple defects are present. In this study, we introduce a simple method for the reconstruction of nail bed defects using an acellular dermal matrix (ADM).

High-Performance Electrochromic Devices Based on Size-Controlled 2D WO Nanosheets Prepared Using the Intercalation Method.

It is difficult to obtain ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) tungsten trioxide (WO) nanosheets through direct exfoliation from bulk WO in solution due to the strong bonding between interlayers. Herein, WO nanosheets with controllable sizes were synthesized via K intercalation and the exfoliation of WO powder using sonication and temperature. Because of the intercalation and expansion in the interlayer distance, the intercalated WO could be successfully exfoliated to produce a large quantity of individual 2D WO nanosheets in -methyl-2-pyrrolidone under sonication.

Fisetin Inhibits UVA-Induced Expression of MMP-1 and MMP-3 through the NOX/ROS/MAPK Pathway in Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Human Epidermal Keratinocytes.

Fisetin is a flavonoid found in plants and has been reported to be effective in various human diseases. However, the effective mechanisms of ultraviolet-A (UVA)-mediated skin damage are not yet clear. In this study, we investigated the protective mechanisms of fisetin regarding UVA-induced human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) damages.

Enhancing the thermostability and activity of glycosyltransferase UGT76G1 via computational design.

The diterpene glycosyltransferase UGT76G1, derived from Stevia rebaudiana, plays a pivotal role in the biosynthesis of rebaudioside A, a natural sugar substitute. Nevertheless, its potential for industrial application is limited by certain enzymatic characteristics, notably thermostability. To enhance the thermostability and enzymatic activity, we employed a computational design strategy, merging stabilizing mutation scanning with a Rosetta-based protein design protocol.

ANCA: artificial nucleic acid circuit with argonaute protein for one-step isothermal detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Endonucleases have recently widely used in molecular diagnostics. Here, we report a strategy to exploit the properties of Argonaute (Ago) proteins for molecular diagnostics by introducing an artificial nucleic acid circuit with Ago protein (ANCA) method. The ANCA is designed to perform a continuous autocatalytic reaction through cross-catalytic cleavage of the Ago protein, enabling one-step, amplification-free, and isothermal DNA detection.

Hierarchically Porous Carbon Networks Derived from Chitosan for High-Performance Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors.

Activated carbon (AC) compounds derived from biomass precursors have garnered significant attention as electrode materials in electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) due to their ready availability, cost-effectiveness, and potential for mass production. However, the accessibility of their active sites in electrochemistry has not been investigated in detail. In this study, we synthesized two novel macro/micro-porous carbon structures prepared from a chitosan precursor using an acid/potassium hydroxide activation process and then examined the relationship between their textural characteristics and capacitance as EDLCs.

Effect of Fluorination Position on the Crystalline Structure and Stretchability of Intrinsically Stretchable Polymer Semiconductors.

A clear understanding of the structure-property relationship of intrinsically stretchable polymer semiconductors (ISPSs) is essential for developing high-performance polymer-based electronics. Herein, we investigate the effect of the fluorination position on the crystalline structure, charge-carrier mobility, and stretchability of polymer semiconductors based on a benzodithiophene--benzotriazole configuration. Although four different polymer semiconductors showed similar field-effect mobilities for holes (μ ≈ 0.

Design of hypoxia responsive CRISPR-Cas9 for target gene regulation.

The CRISPR-Cas9 system is a widely used gene-editing tool, offering unprecedented opportunities for treating various diseases. Controlling Cas9/dCas9 activity at specific location and time to avoid undesirable effects is very important. Here, we report a conditionally active CRISPR-Cas9 system that regulates target gene expression upon sensing cellular environmental change.

Competitive Effects of Oxidation and Quantum Confinement on Modulation of the Photophysical Properties of Metallic-Phase Tungsten Dichalcogenide Quantum Dots.

Metallic-phase transition metal dichalcogenide quantum dots (TMDs-QDs) have been reported in recent years. However, a dominant mechanism for modulating their intrinsic exciton behaviors has not been determined yet as their size is close to the Bohr radius. Herein, we demonstrate that the oxidation effect prevails over quantum confinement on metallic-phase tungsten dichalcogenide QDs (WX-QDs; X = S, Se) when the QD size becomes larger than the exciton Bohr radius.

The Distinctive Permutated Domain Structure of Periplasmic α-Amylase (MalS) from Glycoside Hydrolase Family 13 Subfamily 19.

Periplasmic α-amylase MalS (EC. 3.2.

Unsaturated Fatty Acids Complex Regulates Inflammatory Cytokine Production through the Hyaluronic Acid Pathway.

In this study, we aimed to develop natural and/or functional materials with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. We obtained extracts from natural plants through an oil and hot-water extraction process and prepared an extract composite of an effective unsaturated fatty acid complex (EUFOC). Furthermore, the antioxidant effect of the extract complex was evaluated, and the anti-inflammatory effect was explored by assessing its inhibitory effect on nitric oxide production through its HA-promoting effect.