Bisdemethoxycurcumin mitigates Alzheimer disease pathology through autophagy-mediated reduction of senescence and amyloid beta.

AD pathology is accompanied by increased senescence and reduced levels of autophagy in the brain. We investigated whether pharmacologically inducing autophagy could alter the senescent phenotype and help ameliorate AD pathology. We discovered that Bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), a natural compound found in , stimulates autophagy in primary astrocytes.

High-resolution spatial mapping of cell state and lineage dynamics with PEtracer.

Charting the spatiotemporal dynamics of cell fate determination in development and disease is a long-standing objective in biology. Here we present the design, development, and extensive validation of PEtracer, a prime editing-based, evolving lineage tracing technology compatible with both single-cell sequencing and multimodal imaging methodologies to jointly profile cell state and lineage in dissociated cells or while preserving cellular context in tissues with high spatial resolution. Using PEtracer coupled with MERFISH spatial transcriptomic profiling in a syngeneic mouse model of tumor metastasis, we reconstruct the growth of individually-seeded tumors and uncover distinct modules of cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic factors that coordinate tumor growth.

Overcoming antimicrobial resistance in Helicobacter pylori: the roles of collateral sensitivity and biofilm dynamics.

Objectives: The increasing prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) poses a significant challenge to eradication strategies. This study investigates the role of biofilm formation in AMR and explores the potential of collateral sensitivity (CS) as a therapeutic approach to optimize treatment regimens.

Chronic lung diseases (Asthma and COPD) among middle-aged and older populations in India: social, individual, and household determinants and their associations with geriatric syndromes.

Background: India's ageing population presents new health challenges, particularly the rising burden of lung diseases like Asthma and COPD among middle-aged and older adults. These conditions weaken individuals and heighten the risk of geriatric complications. Understanding their interplay with socio-economic, demographic, and household factors is essential for informed public health interventions.

An Adaptive Generative 3D VNet Model for Enhanced Monkeypox Lesion Classification Using Deep Learning and Augmented Image Fusion.

As monkeypox is spreading rapidly, the incidence of monkeypox has been increasing in recent times. Therefore, it is very important to detect and diagnose this disease to get effective treatment planning. The prominent aim of this paper is to design an effective monkeypox detection and classification model by utilizing deep learning and classification models.

The DMSO-Catalyzed CO Reduction with 9-BBN as a Source for the Selective N-Formylation, Room Temperature N-Methylation of Amines, N-Hydroxymethylation of Heterocycles, and C-N Couplings.

The reduction of CO (1 atm) with 9-BBN in DMSO in the presence of amines at 90 °C selectively gave -formamides in good to excellent yields. This method works with a range of substrates, including heterocyclic secondary amines and primary and secondary aliphatic and aromatic amines. Remarkably, the same CO (1 atm) reduction in the presence of a catalytic amount of DMSO and aromatic primary and secondary amines in toluene at room temperature afforded -methylamine products isolated in 44-97% yields, representing the first room temperature method using hydroborane.

Exosomal delivery of IL-10: Biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and preterm birth prevention strategies.

This study investigates the potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) loaded with interleukin-10 (IL-10) to reduce infection-induced preterm birth (PTB). IL-10 has shown promise in reducing PTB by dampening inflammatory responses, but challenges exist with intraamniotic administration. The study evaluates IL-10 gene-transfected cell-produced EVs containing IL-10 (tIL-10), comparing them with recombinant IL-10 (rIL-10) and rIL-10 incorporated in EVs via electroporation (eIL-10).

1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives as PI3Ks inhibitor: design, in silico studies, synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial evaluation.

Since PI3Ks are targeted by a variety of bacterial pathogens, they represent a promising target for host-directed immune therapy and may be beneficial in managing persistent bacterial infections. In the present study, computational studies of 5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine derivatives for phosphoinositide-3-kinases (PI3Ks) inhibitors were carried out using dock scores, Glide scores, and the MMGBSA dG method, with comparison to standard drugs (ofloxacin and fluconazole). A series of 5-(pyridin-4-yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine derivatives (D1-D17) were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains, as well as fungal strains, using the tube dilution method.

The Role of Ultrasound and Computed Tomography in Evaluating Right Iliac Fossa Pain in Young Patients.

Background: Right iliac fossa (RIF) pain is a common clinical presentation in young patients, with differential diagnoses ranging from appendicitis to gynecological and urological conditions. This study evaluates the role of ultrasound (USG) and computed tomography (CT) in diagnosing RIF pain.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 55 patients aged 15-35 years presenting with RIF pain.

Role of MDCT Angiography in Evaluation of Nontraumatic Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Introduction: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) involves the extravasation of blood into the subarachnoid space and is a critical condition with high mortality and morbidity rates. Nontraumatic causes, predominantly ruptured cerebral aneurysms, account for approximately 85% of cases. Early and accurate diagnosis using advanced imaging modalities such as multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography is crucial for effective management.

The Effects of Beta Blockers on Exercise Tolerance and Quality of Life in Congestive Heart Failure Patient.

Background: Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a serious cardiovascular condition that lowers quality of life (QoL) and impairs exercise tolerance. In terms of morbidity and mortality, beta-blockers, which are often employed in the treatment of CHF, have demonstrated notable advantages. The purpose of this study was to assess how beta-blockers affected the exercise tolerance and QoL of CHF patients.

Detection and Correlation of Virulence Determinants of Ampicillin Resistant Isolates of Typhimurium.

 Typhimurium is an important serovar causing non-typhoidal salmonellosis in humans. Poultry products are a common source of infection. In the present study, we used 46 isolates of  Typhimurium, which were isolated from poultry eggs.

Microbes Mediated Nutrient Dynamics for Plant Growth Promotion: Current Research and Future Challenges.

On earth, soil is one of the most essential parts of nature which plays critical roles in plant growth, water flow, waste products recycling and provides habitats to various organisms. Soil is the combination of organic matter, air, water minerals, and sixteen different essential nutrient elements which are categorized into primary macronutrients, secondary macronutrients, and micronutrients. The nutrients elements present in soil either in organic forms or organic forms interchanged by the various microbial mechanisms such including fixation, chelation and solubilization.

The canonical ER stress IRE1α/XBP1 pathway mediates skeletal muscle wasting during pancreatic cancer cachexia.

Cancer-driven cachexia is a deleterious syndrome which involves progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass with or without fat loss, fatigue, and weakness that cannot be reversed by nutritional intake. Recent studies have shown deregulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-induced unfolded protein response (UPR) pathways in skeletal muscle in various catabolic conditions, including cancer growth. However, the role of individual arms of the UPR in the regulation of muscle mass remains poorly understood.

Unraveling the Molecular Mechanisms of ABHD5 Membrane Targeting.

ABHD5 plays a critical role in lipid metabolism, regulating fatty acid mobilization, skin barrier formation, and phospholipid remodeling. ABHD5 lacks catalytic activity and instead functions as an essential co-regulator of PNPLA enzymes. Understanding how ABHD5 interacts with lipid droplet (LD) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes is crucial for unraveling its regulatory role in lipid metabolism and identifying potential therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases.

Tunable resonant Raman scattering with temperature in vertically aligned 2H-SnS.

Two-dimensional semiconducting materials have a wide range of applications in various fields due to their excellent properties and rich physics. Here, we report a detailed investigation of temperature-dependent Raman and photoluminescence measurements on vertically aligned 2H-SnS grown by the CVD method. Our results established the tunability of resonant Raman scattering with varying temperature, , a crossover between resonance and non-resonance conditions for the current system.

Space Oncology: A Comprehensive Scoping Review.

Space exploration exposes astronauts to unique conditions such as microgravity and space radiation, potentially influencing gene expression and triggering carcinogenesis. Paradoxically, these extreme environments could uncover other pro-treatment aspects of cancer biology. Despite numerous reviews addressing these aspects in isolation, a comprehensive synthesis of the effects of space stressors on cancer development is incomplete.

Social Isolation and Loneliness Among Older Adults: An Age-Friendly Approach.

The goal of this article is to determine how to integrate social isolation and loneliness into the Age-Friendly/Geriatric 5 Ms framework of an older adult's care in order to equip clinicians to address these interrelated domains. By weaving social connection into the foundation of age-friendly care, we aim to guide health care professionals in developing more comprehensive, person-centered strategies that acknowledge the profound impact of social health on aging populations. These connections can be a part of an age-friendly ecosystem to truly improve quality of life for older adults across society.

Tough-engineered multifunctional alendronate anchoring of dysprosium impregnated luminescent polyvinyl alcohol-chitosan composite hydrogels.

Fabrication of multifunctional tissue engineered scaffolds with superior mechanical strength, and biocompatibility in combination with excellent contrast behaviour and luminescence is a daunting task. Herein, dysprosium integrated polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan hydrogel with the salient features of better mechanical strength, superior luminescence, T contrast efficiency, alongside biocompatibility has been fabricated by the freeze-thawing technique. The swelling capacity ∼400 % has paved the way in anchoring the alendronate drug and demonstrated a sustained drug release ∼32 % for 10 h through Fickian diffusion.

Efficacy of temporo-parietal fascia trigger point release in the management of tension-type headache: a single-blinded RCT.

Background: The study aimed to investigate the effects of Temporoparietal Fascia trigger point release in subjects with Tension Type Headache (TTH) and on decreasing pain intensity and head and neck disability.

Methods: 40 subjects were randomly assigned to either Group 1 (intervention group) or Group 2 (control group) and received treatment for 10 days. Outcome measures, including the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain intensity, Neck Disability Index (NDI) for neck disability, Headache Disability Inventory (HDI) for headache disability, and Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT) were used.

NBS-Promoted Synthesis of Maleimides by Oxidative Dearomatization of Pyrroles: Mechanistic Investigations Using Online MS in Real-Time.

Oxidative dearomatization of pyrroles is an important organic transformation to deliver pharmaceutically important compounds, especially the synthesis of diaryl maleimides via the dearomatization of pyrroles has always been challenging. Herein, we report an unprecedented protocol for synthesizing functionalized maleimides by NBS-promoted oxidative dearomatization of 2,3,4-trisubstituted pyrroles. The reaction proceeds via three sequential reactions: dearomatization, oxidation, and detosylation.

Clinico-epidemiological determinants of severe dengue in an endemic district of coastal Karnataka.

Background: Dengue fever (DF) a significant public health challenge globally, with clinical manifestations ranging from mild symptoms to severe dengue.

Objectives: To identify the clinico-epidemiological characteristics, management, and outcomes of severe dengue fever among inpatients of a tertiary care hospital.

Settings And Design: Prospective observational study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital, Karnataka.