Concurrent incomplete atrioventricular septal defect and supravalvular mitral stenosis causing heart failure in a 13-year-old cat: a case report.

A 13-year-old female Persian cat with a heart murmur presented with dyspnea. Thoracic radiography revealed pleural effusion and dilation of peripheral pulmonary vessels. Echocardiography showed significant enlargement of the right atrium and ventricle and left atrial appendage; an atrial septal defect (ASD) near the atrioventricular valves; and a septum-like structure below the left atrial appendage.

(COOH, NH)-modified defective MOF-808(Zr) for enhancing photocatalytic oxidation of tetracycline and structural feature determination by Pearson correlation analysis.

Zirconium-based MOF-808 exhibits limited light absorption, restricting its photocatalytic performance. In this study, a dual-doping strategy involving 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and colloidal dopamine-melanin (Dpa) was employed to synergistically enhance both the adsorption capacity and light absorption of MOF-808 for photocatalytic tetracycline oxidation. The dual-doped PABA/Dpa-MOF-808 (P/D/MOF-808) sample exhibited extended light absorption in the visible light range (350-800 nm) and a significantly larger surface area (∼1150 m/g) than that of pristine MOF-808 (∼728 m/g).

Improved Water Electrolysis Over Cobalt Oxyhydroxide by Carbonate Anion Adsorption: Direct Observation of Active Species Using Operando Hard/Soft X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy.

Cobalt oxide electrocatalysts electrodeposited from carbonate-based electrolyte solutions (Co-C) and exhibiting high oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity at neutral pH are investigated using operando hard/soft X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analyses. Operando Co K-edge XAFS data indicate that the Co-C comprises a collection of CoOOH nanoclusters and that the Co in this material is oxidized to higher valence states upon applying an electrode potential. Operando C K-edge XAFS results show that carbonate anions are adsorbed on the CoOOH nanoclusters and that this phenomenon is promoted at the active potential for the OER.

Immediate glucose signaling transmitted via the vagus nerve in gut-brain neural communication.

Sucrose consumption is influenced by certain gut-brain signaling mechanisms. One possible pathway could be the interaction between the vagus nerve and the central nervous system, mediated by neuropod cells forming synaptic connections with vagus nerves, which immediately activate the central dopaminergic pathways. In this study, we demonstrated that intestinal glucose administration activates the frontal cortex via the vagus nerve and central dopamine signaling.

Suitability of Piperacillin-Tazobactam for Treating Dogs Infected with Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales: Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis.

: Piperacillin-tazobactam (TZP) is a potential alternative to carbapenems for the treatment of dogs infected with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E), but its efficacy remains unestablished. In this study, pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analysis was performed to estimate the clinical efficacy of TZP against ESBL-E infections in dogs. : We determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of TZP in canine ESBL-E isolates, including ( = 62), ( = 89), and ( = 31), using agar dilution.

In Vitro Efficacy Testing of TONS504-Based Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (TONS504-PACT) Under a 405-nm Light-Emitting Diode Against Antimicrobial-Resistant Bacteria Causing Canine Keratitis.

Objective: To evaluate the in vitro efficacy of photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) using TONS504, a newly developed hydrophilic and cationic photosensitizer, under a blue light emitting diode (LED) against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria isolated from dogs with keratitis.

Methods: Three bacterial strains (i.e.

Insights into GLP-1 and insulin secretion mechanisms in pasireotide-induced hyperglycemia highlight effectiveness of Gs-targeting diabetes treatment.

Pasireotide frequently causes severe hyperglycemia; however, its detailed mechanism remains unknown. There are no published guidelines regarding the optimal management of pasireotide-induced hyperglycemia based on its pathophysiology. Herein, we successfully switched a patient with acromegaly from a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor to a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog due to pasireotide-induced deterioration of glycemic control, and we examined the underlying mechanism for glycemic control.

Taurine promotes glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in enteroendocrine L cells.

Taurine, an amino-sulfonic acid mainly sourced from food, suppresses blood glucose by stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells. However, its relationship with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion from enteroendocrine L cells is unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of taurine in GLP-1 secretion from L cells.

Current status of the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus felis isolates from feline patients in Japan.

We investigated the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of 120 Staphylococcus felis isolates from feline patients in Japan, mainly from the urinary tract (28.3%), abscesses (23.3%), ears (22.

Comprehensive study of various vitamin concentrations in the human postmortem blood with an autopsy case report of beriberi.

Using human cardiac blood from forensic autopsy cases, comprehensive measurements of albumin, vitamins A, B1, B6, B12, C, D, folate, and PIVKA-Ⅱ were performed. Of 128 cases, 83 were male, with an average age of 61.8 years and average postmortem interval of 44 h.

Intestinal butyric acid-mediated disruption of gut hormone secretion and lipid metabolism in vasopressin receptor-deficient mice.

Objectives: Arginine vasopressin (AVP), known as an antidiuretic hormone, is also crucial in metabolic homeostasis. Although AVP receptor-deficient mice exhibit various abnormalities in glucose and lipid metabolism, the mechanism underlying these symptoms remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the involvement of the gut hormones including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and microbiota as essential mediators.

Efficacy of Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy with TONS504 Using Blue Light Against .

Background: is an important causative agent of bacterial keratitis. This study investigates the antibacterial effect of photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) with the chlorin derivative TONS504 (TONS504-PACT) and a blue light-emitting diode (LED) on . It also explores the synergistic effects of combining TONS504-PACT with EDTA, and compares the antibacterial effects of TONS504-PACT using blue light with those of previously reported red light.

Traces of pandemic fluoroquinolone-resistant clone ST131 transmitted from human society to aquatic environments and wildlife in Japan.

Transmission of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria among humans, animals, and the environment is a growing concern worldwide. The distribution of an international high-risk fluoroquinolone-resistant clone, ST131, has been documented in clinical settings. However, the transmission of ST131 from humans to surrounding environments remains poorly elucidated.

β stimulator induces upregulation of miR-27a in the rat heart one hour after the injection.

MicroRNAs (miRs) are non-coding small RNA containing 18 to 22 nucleotides, that post-transcriptionally regulates mRNA expression. Chronic injection of β stimulator is known to induce cardiac injury and change of miRs expression level in the heart with some pathological changes such as fibrosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction. We investigated the changes in the expression level of miRs in the rat heart one hour after isoproterenol (a β stimulator) injection.

Estimation of latamoxef (moxalactam) dosage regimens against β-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in dogs: a pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis using Monte Carlo simulation.

One of the most significant research areas in veterinary medicine is the search for carbapenem substitutes for the treatment of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E). This study applied a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) strategy in validating optimal latamoxef (LMX) therapeutic regimens against canine ESBL-E infections. Five dogs were administered a bolus dose of 40 mg/kg LMX intravenously to measure serum drug concentrations and determine PK indices using the noncompartmental model.

Simultaneous analysis of acyclovir and its metabolite using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The antiviral drug acyclovir (ACV) may induce drug-induced neuropsychiatric symptoms as side effects. The detailed pathogenic mechanism remains unclear; however, it is hypothesized that 9-carboxymethoxymethylguanine (CMMG), a metabolite of ACV, is the causative compound. Therefore, the blood concentrations of ACV and CMMG should be analyzed in ACV toxicity studies.

First report of a bla-carrying Escherichia coli sequence type 12 isolated from a dog with pyometra in Japan.

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are a serious concern in human clinical settings. Companion animal-origin CPE have been only rarely identified in several countries, but they have not yet been identified in Japan. In this study, we present the first case of a canine infected with CPE in Japan.

Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis of the Oxacephem Antibiotic Flomoxef against Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales from Dogs.

Flomoxef (FMX) may be a potential alternative to carbapenems for dogs infected with Enterobacterales-producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL-E). However, the appropriate dosage of FMX in dogs with ESBL-E infections has yet to be established. This study was carried out to establish appropriate treatment regimens for FMX against ESBL-E infections in dogs using a pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) approach.

Distinct lactate metabolism between hepatocytes and myotubes revealed by live cell imaging with genetically encoded indicators.

The process of glycolysis breaks down glycogen stored in muscles, producing lactate through pyruvate to generate energy. Excess lactate is then released into the bloodstream. When lactate reaches the liver, it is converted to glucose, which muscles utilize as a substrate to generate ATP.

Mitochondrial ATP concentration decreases immediately after glucose administration to glucose-deprived hepatocytes.

Hepatocytes can switch their metabolic processes in response to nutrient availability. However, the dynamics of metabolites (such as lactate, pyruvate, and ATP) in hepatocytes during the metabolic switch remain unknown. In this study, we visualized metabolite dynamics in primary cultured hepatocytes during recovery from glucose-deprivation.

Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis of cefmetazole against extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in dogs using Monte Carlo Simulation.

Introduction: The spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) is a serious concern in companion animal medicine owing to their ability to develop multidrug resistance. Cefmetazole (CMZ) is a candidate drug for treating ESBL-E infections; however, its regimen in dogs has not been established. In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetic (PK) indices of CMZ in dogs and performed PK-pharmacodynamic (PD) analyses using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS).

Revisiting the canonical definition of heat hematoma: A rare case of postmortem subdural heat hematoma.

Heat hematoma is generally recognized as a postmortem heat-induced artifact in extradural spaces found in burned bodies. Conversely, subdural hematoma in charred bodies is more indicative of antemortem trauma. Here, we present a rare case of a subdural heat hematoma in forensic practice.

In vitro efficacy of cephamycins against multiple extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterobacter cloacae isolates from dogs and cats.

The susceptibility of 218 extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion animals to three cephamycins (cefmetazole, flomoxef, and latamoxef) was investigated. Phenotypic testing found 8 of 120 Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) and 15 of 69 Enterobacter cloacae (EC) isolates were ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase (ABL) co-producers. Isolates of KP, Proteus mirabilis, and EC that only produced ESBL exhibited susceptibility rates to cefmetazole (95.