Quantitative impacts of dominant large-scale circulation systems on surface ozone pollution in China.

Tropospheric ozone pollution has been worsened over most regions of China, adversely affecting human health and ecosystems. The long-term ozone concentration depends largely upon atmospheric circulations. Here, we conducted meteorological adjustment to quantitatively assess the influences of meteorological factors on the ozone evolution in China's seven city clusters during the warm season (April to October) from 2013 to 2020.

Characterization and Source Apportionment Analysis of PM and Ozone Pollution over Fenwei Plain, China: Insights from PM Component and VOC Observations.

PM and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been identified as the primary air pollutants affecting the Fenwei Plain (FWP), necessitating urgent measures to improve its air quality. To gain a deeper understanding of the formation mechanisms of these pollutants, this study employed various methods such as HYSPLIT, PCT, and PMF for analysis. Our results indicate that the FWP is primarily impacted by PM from the southern Shaanxi air mass and the northwestern air mass during winter.

 (Asteraceae), a new species from Xizang (Tibet), China.

, a new species of Asteraceae from the Xizang (Tibet) Autonomous Region of China, is described and illustrated here. Morphologically, it is most similar to but can be distinguished by the combination of monoecious and dioecious individuals, involucral bracts arranged in 3-5 series (with outer series herbaceous and middle to inner series membranous), fimbriate apices on female florets, rough-edged lobes on male florets, and achenes lacking costae. Phylogenetic analyses further support the separation of this new species from related taxa.

Model-free fast integral terminal sliding-mode control method based on improved fast terminal sliding-mode observer for PMSM with unknown disturbances.

This paper presents a novel model-free fast integral terminal sliding-mode control (MFFITSMC) method based on an improved fast terminal sliding-mode observer (IFTSMO) for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system, which can effectively eliminate the impact caused by unknown disturbances, such as parameter perturbations and external disturbances. The PMSM mathematical model with unknown disturbances is first established, and the ultra-local model (ULM) of the PMSM speed loop is constructed. Next, the model-free fast integral terminal sliding-mode controller is designed in the speed loop based on the ULM.

Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of New Potential JAK3 Inhibitors.

Introduction: JAK3 kinase inhibitor has become an effective means to treat tumors and autoimmune diseases.

Methods: In this study, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were used to study the theoretical interaction mechanism between 1-phenylimidazolidine-2-one molecules and JAK3 protein.

Results: The results of molecular docking showed that the six 1-phenylimidazolidine-2-one derivatives obtained by virtual screening were bound to the ATP pocket of JAK3 kinase, which were competitive inhibitors of ATP, and were mainly bound to the pocket through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction.

Identification of the roles of urban plume and local chemical production in ozone episodes observed in Long Island Sound during LISTOS 2018: Implications for ozone control strategies.

Long Island Sound (LIS) frequently experiences ozone (O) exceedance events that surpass national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) due to complex driving factors. The underlying mechanisms governing summertime O pollution are investigated through collaborative observations from lidar remote sensing and ground samplers during the 2018 LIS Tropospheric O Study (LISTOS). Regional transport and local chemical reactions are identified as the two key driving factors behind the observed O episodes in LIS.

Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses of Kurz Tuber, Stem, and Leaf Reveal the Presence of Important Metabolites and Key Pathways Controlling Their Biosynthesis.

Kurz. var. vinciflora (Kom.

Comparative analyses of chloroplast genomes from Six Rhodiola species: variable DNA markers identification and phylogenetic relationships within the genus.

Background: As a valuable medicinal plant, Rhodiola has a very long history of folk medicine used as an important adaptogen, tonic, and hemostatic. However, our knowledge of the chloroplast genome level of Rhodiola is limited. This drawback has limited studies on the identification, evolution, genetic diversity and other relevant studies on Rhodiola.

[Novel compound heterozygous SCN9A variations causing congenital insensitivity to pain in a patient].

Objective: To explore the genetic basis for a child featuring congenital insensitivity to pain (CIP).

Methods: Targeted capture and next generation sequencing (NGS) was carried out for the proband. Suspected pathogenic variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing of the proband and his parents.

Identification of close relationship between large-scale circulation patterns and ozone-precursor sensitivity in the Pearl River Delta, China.

To curb the continuous deterioration of ozone (O) pollution in China, identifying the O-precursor sensitivity (OPS) and its driving factors is a prerequisite for formulating effective O pollution control measures. Traditional OPS identification methods have limitations in terms of spatiotemporal representation and timeliness; therefore, they are not appropriate for making OPS forecasts for O contingency control. OPS is not only influenced by local precursor emissions but is also closely related to meteorological conditions governed by large-scale circulation (LSC).

Spatial variability of microplastic pollution on surface of rivers in a mountain-plain transitional area: A case study in the Chin Ling-Wei River Plain, China.

Inland lakes and rivers are large reservoirs of microplastics. But currently, not too much research was done on microplastics of mountain rivers. The protection of water sources from microplastics is extremely significant for the safety of human drinking water.

Understanding the underlying mechanisms governing the linkage between atmospheric oxidative capacity and ozone precursor sensitivity in the Yangtze River Delta, China: A multi-tool ensemble analysis.

Continued exacerbation of ozone (O) pollution in China has driven the urgent need for an emission control strategy that efficiently reduces O levels. Determining O precursor sensitivity (OPS) and its driving factors is a prerequisite for formulating effective O control strategies. In this study, we proposed an atmospheric oxidative capacity-based indicator, HO/OH, and demonstrated its effectiveness in indicating OPS over the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) of China by applying a localized comprehensive air quality model with extensions (CAMx) coupled with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model.

Multi-factor reconciliation of discrepancies in ozone-precursor sensitivity retrieved from observation- and emission-based models.

Ground-level O pollution has been continuously worsening in China despite gradual improvement in other major pollutant levels. Understanding the sensitivity of O production to its precursors (OPS) is a prerequisite for formulating effective O control measures, but this has been hampered by significant discrepancies in OPS produced by traditional identification approaches using observation-based models (OBM) and emission-based models (EBM). In this study, by applying OBM and EBM in parallel within a month having significant O pollution in Shanghai, China, we demonstrated that a lack of carbonyl input, overestimation in NO monitoring data, and differences in simulation period and emission reduction area were the core factors leading to OPS discrepancies, and that a reliable OPS cannot be obtained unless these factors are reconciled.

[Genetic diagnosis of a pedigree affected with Usher syndrome type 1D/F].

Objective: To explore the genetic basis for a pedigree affected with congenital sensorineural deafness.

Methods: High-throughput sequencing was carried out to analyze the coding regions of 415 genes associated with hereditary deafness in the proband. Suspected variants were verified by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing of her parents and sister.

[Genetic testing of a Chinese pedigree affected with non-syndromic autosomal dominant deafness 15].

Objective: To explore the genetic basis of a Chinese pedigree affected with progressive non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss.

Methods: High-throughput DNA sequencing was carried out to analyze 415 genes associated with hereditary deafness in the proband. Sanger sequencing was carried out to verify the suspected variants among her family members.

Emission source-based ozone isopleth and isosurface diagrams and their significance in ozone pollution control strategies.

In the past decade, ozone (O) pollution has been continuously worsening in most developing countries. The accurate identification of the nonlinear relationship between O and its precursors is a prerequisite for formulating effective O control measures. At present, precursor-based O isopleth diagrams are widely used to infer O control strategy at a particular location.

Identification of close relationship between atmospheric oxidation and ozone formation regimes in a photochemically active region.

Understanding ozone (O) formation regime is a prerequisite in formulating an effective O pollution control strategy. Photochemical indicator is a simple and direct method in identifying O formation regimes. Most used indicators are derived from observations, whereas the role of atmospheric oxidation is not in consideration, which is the core driver of O formation.

Comparative Analyses of Chloroplast Genomes From 14 Species: Identification of Variable DNA Markers and Phylogenetic Relationships Within the Genus.

L. is an economic crop with a long history of cultivation and domestication and has important economic, ecological, and medicinal value. To solve the classification problems caused by the similar morphological characteristics of and establish a credible phylogenetic relationship, we sequenced and annotated six chloroplast (cp) genomes (, and ) and combined them with previously published genomes for the species.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Spreng.

is a traditional Chinese herb used for detoxification, hemostasis, and anti-inflammatory. In this study, the complete chloroplast sequence of was characterized from Illumina pair-end sequencing. The cpDNA was 159,044 bp in length, containing a pair of inverted repeats of 30,623 bp each separated by a large and small single copy region of 84,819 bp and 12,979 bp, respectively.

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medicinal plant .

is an old and popular medicinal plant used in traditional Tibetan folk medicine. Here, we reported the complete chloroplast genome sequence of The assembled chloroplast genome was 154,348 bp long, containing a large single-copy region of 85,809 bp, a small single-copy region of 17,935 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat regions of 25,302 bp. It had 36% GC content and encoded 131 genes including 86 protein-coding genes, eight rRNA genes, and 37 tRNA.

Complete Chloroplast Genome Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis of Two Plants.

and are important herbs from and have great medicinal value. We used the Illumina sequencing technology to sequence the complete chloroplast genome of and and then conducted de novo assembly. The two chloroplast genomes have a typical quadripartite structure, with the gene's lengths of 82,221 bp and 81,450 bp, large single-copy region's (LSC) lengths of 82,221 bp and 81,450 bp, and small single-copy region's (SSC) lengths of 17,363 bp and 17,066 bp, inverted repeat region's (IR) lengths of 51,370 bp and 51,352 bp, respectively.

Synoptic condition-driven summertime ozone formation regime in Shanghai and the implication for dynamic ozone control strategies.

Regarding the continuous worsening of tropospheric ozone pollution, the scenario in Shanghai is a microcosm of the entire China. Understanding the ozone formation regimes (OFRs), their variations, and driving factors is a prerequisite for formulating effective ozone control strategies. Traditional OFR estimation by numerical model, which often involves sensitivity analysis on at least tens of scenarios, is labor-intensive and time-consuming; therefore, it is not appropriate to make OFR forecasts to guide ozone contingency control.

Characterization and Comparative Analysis of Two Rheum Complete Chloroplast Genomes.

species present a significant economic value. Traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb is an important medicinal material in China. It has a long history of use, with a record of use as early as two thousand years ago.

[Genetic analysis of five pedigrees affected with multiple osteochondromas].

Objective: To detect variants of EXT1 and EXT2 genes among five pedigrees affected with multiple osteochondromas and provide prenatal diagnosis for the families based on the results.

Methods: The EXT1 and EXT2 genes of the probands were analyzed by targeted next generation sequencing (NGS). Suspected pathological variants were validated by Sanger sequencing in the probands, their family members and 200 unrelated healthy controls.

An improved equivalent-input-disturbance approach for PMSM drive with demagnetization fault.

Closed-loop torque control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive is highly applied in industrial applications. However, high temperature and other external factors lead to permanent magnet (PM) demagnetization fault of the motor, which inevitably brings barriers to precise torque control. This paper presents a rejection method for demagnetization based on an improved equivalent-input-disturbance (EID) approach.