Optimized overlay metrology based on polarization eigenstate of Mueller matrix.

Overlay metrology is critical for the management and control of the lithography quality in semiconductor manufacturing. In industrial applications, the empirical DBO (diffraction-based overlay) method based on differential signals is one of the main techniques for this task. However, how to select and identify an overlay indicator with good linearity, sensitivity, and robustness for a wide overlay range is the key challenge for constructing the empirical DBO formulations.

[Robotic visualization system-assisted microsurgical reconstruction of the reproductive tract in male rats].

Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficiency of robotic visualization system (RVS)-assisted microsurgical reconstruction of the reproductive tract in male rats and the satisfaction of the surgeons.

Methods: We randomly divided 8 adult male SD rats into an experimental and a control group, the former treated by RVS-assisted microsurgical vasoepididymostomy (VE) or vasovasostomy (VV), and the latter by VE or VV under the standard operating microscope (SOM). We compared the operation time, mechanical patency and anastomosis leakage immediately after surgery, and the surgeons' satisfaction between the two groups.

The influence of professional identification and organizational incentives on turnover intentions: a hierarchical linear model in Beijing's family doctors.

Background: The high turnover intentions among family doctos (FDs) in China have impacted the stability of teams and the quality of healthcare services in community health centers (CHCs). The factors influencing FDs' turnover intentions include not only individual characteristics but also organizational environmental factors within CHCs. This study aims to explore the mechanism of the impact of FDs' professional identification and organizational incentives on their turnover intentions.

A novel peptide TCL6148 induces ferroptosis via the GOT1/GPX4 pathway to enhance sunitinib sensitivity in renal cell carcinoma.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) represents a deadly type of genitourinary cancer, noted for its strong tendency to metastasize and its unfavorable outlook for patients. Despite significant advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, tumor heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance remain formidable challenges, underscoring the urgent need for novel treatment strategies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), once thought to be non-translatable, have recently been discovered to encode functional peptides that are crucial in the progression of tumors.

Interfacial Charge Transfer in ZnO/COF S-Scheme Photocatalyst via Zn─N Bond.

Photocatalysis is a promising solution to global energy shortage and environmental problems. Inspired by photosynthesis, multicomponent heterostructured photocatalysts are extensively investigated, and step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction has emerged as the theoretical basis for delineating charge transfer processes in predominant heterostructured photocatalysts. However, the specific charge transfer pathway across an S-scheme heterojunction remains elusive from an atomic/molecular perspective.

Molecular Tuning of Pyrene-Based Conjugated Porous Polymers for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production.

Conjugated porous polymers (CPPs) have emerged as promising candidates for photocatalytic H production (PHP) in recent years due to their structural diversity, tunable electronic properties, and high specific surface area. Herein, three CPPs are synthesized by the Suzuki coupling reaction for photocatalytic HO splitting to produce H. Through molecular tuning strategies, the π-conjugation degree of the CPPs is adjusted, significantly impacting the charge separation and transfer efficiency of the photocatalysts as well as their light-harvesting ability.

Unraveling the mechanisms of tricetin in renal cell carcinoma treatment through network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), one of the most common types of kidney cancer, represents a major global health concern due to its increasing incidence and high death rates. While conventional treatment modalities have improved patient outcomes, they often face limitations such as drug resistance, severe adverse effects, and limited efficacy in advanced or metastatic cases. These challenges highlight the urgent need for novel therapeutic approaches to enhance RCC management.

Exploring the Humanistic Care Competencies of Nurses in Infectious Disease Hospitals in China: A Modified Delphi Study.

Aim: This study aims to develop an indicator system for assessing the humanistic care competencies of nurses in infectious disease hospitals and provide a scientific measurement tool to understand the current humanistic care competencies level of infectious disease nurses.

Design: A mixed-methods design integrating qualitative interviews and a modified Delphi study.

Methods: Initially, we derived a list of potential indicators of humanistic care for nurses in infectious disease hospitals from literature reviews and interviews with a nominal group technique (n=41).

Spectrally resolved interferometry based on a tilt phase-shifting iteration method.

To tackle compatibility issues arising from uneven phase shifts during phase extraction from spectral interferograms, this paper finds what we believe to be a novel approach and bridges the tilted phase-shifting method with spectrally resolved interferometry (SRI). A tilt phase-shifting iterative method based on the spectral interferogram reconstruction strategy is proposed, achieving high-quality phase extraction and overcoming the limitations of phase shifts. This method utilizes the interpolation reconstruction of spectral interferograms to make the phase shift exhibit a linear tilt, allowing the tilt phase-shifting iterative method to extract phase from at least three frames with random phase shifts.

[Characteristics and Influencing Factors of PM-O Composite Pollution in Henan Province].

The PM-O composite pollution in Henan Province has notable impacts on the economy, society, and daily life of the region, exhibiting a more complex nature than single pollution. Therefore, this study utilized air quality data, ground-based meteorological data, boundary layer height, CO concentration, emission inventory, and other information from 17 cities in Henan Province to investigate the spatial-temporal distribution, formation causes, and influencing factors of PM-O composite pollution from May 2014 to December 2023. The PSCF and CWT methods were used to identify possible source areas of composite pollution.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mechanisms and Corresponding Therapeutic Strategies.

Neurodegenerative disease (ND) refers to the progressive loss and morphological abnormalities of neurons in the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS). Examples of neurodegenerative diseases include Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Recent studies have shown that mitochondria play a broad role in cell signaling, immune response, and metabolic regulation.

Optimized production and antiviral activity evaluation of recombinant chicken interferon-alpha using an improved Baculovirus expression system.

Despite extensive vaccination efforts, certain pathogens continue to pose significant challenges to the poultry industry. Interferons (IFNs) are crucial for innate immune defense against various pathogens. Chicken interferon-alpha (chIFN-α) reportedly has good inhibitory activity against various pathogens.

A critical view of silk fibroin for non-viral gene therapy.

Exogenous genes are inserted into target cells during gene therapy in order to compensate or rectify disorders brought on by faulty or aberrant genes. However, gene therapy is still in its early stages because of its unsatisfactory therapeutic effects which are mainly due to low transfection efficiency of vectors, high toxicity, and poor target specificity. A natural polymer with numerous bioactive sites, good mechanical qualities, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and processability called silk fibroin has gained attention as a possible gene therapy vector.

Identification of biomarkers associated with ferroptosis in macrophages infected with Mycobacterium abscessus using bioinformatic tools.

Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium that causes severe pulmonary infections. Recent studies indicate that ferroptosis may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of M. abscessus pulmonary disease.

Genetic insights into the risk of hip osteoarthritis on stroke: A single-variable and multivariable Mendelian randomization.

Background: Hip osteoarthritis has been identified as a potential risk factor for stroke, with previous studies have demonstrated an association between hip osteoarthritis and stroke. This study aims to further elucidate the causal relationship between the two, employing Two-Sample and Multivariable Mendelian randomization methods.

Methods: SNPs, derived from two extensive GWAS, served as instruments in exploring the association between genetically predicted hip osteoarthritis and stroke risk, utilizing two-sample Mendelian randomization.

High Performance of CsAgBiBr Perovskite-based Photodetectors by Adding DEAC.

Perovskite-based photodetectors (PDs) are broadly utilized in optical communication, non-destructive testing, and smart wearable devices due to their ability to convert light into electrical signals. However, toxicity and instability hold back their mass production and commercialization. The lead-free CsAgBiBr double perovskite film, promised to be an alternative, is fabricated by electrophoretic deposition (EPD), which compromises film quality.

[Characteristics and Source Apportionment of Ambient Volatile Organic Compounds in Shijiazhuang High-tech Industrial Development Zone in Autumn].

Utilizing the online monitoring data of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） and ozone （O） in the Shijiazhuang high-tech industrial development zone during October 2020, the pollution characteristics of VOCs were analyzed. Subsequently, ·OH estimation, secondary organic aerosol formation potential （SOAP）, and ozone formation potential （OFP） were applied to assess the chemical reactivity of VOCs. Additionally, the source apportionment was identified using the positive matrix factorization （PMF） model.

Serum metabolomics and 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing reveal the role of puerarin in alleviating bone loss aggravated by antidiabetic agent pioglitazone in type 2 diabetic mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pioglitazone (PIO) was an anti type 2 diabetes (T2D) agent but caused bone loss and bone marrow fat accumulation. Puerarin (PUE) was a natural component of herbal medicine extracted from Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi and reduced glycemia and improved bone mass as a supplementary drug.

PTFE Stent Membrane Based on the Electrospinning Technique and Its Potential for Replacing ePTFE.

Expanded poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (ePTFE), obtained by the paste extrusion-stretching method, is a commonly used stent membrane material for the treatment of arterial stenosis or aneurysm in clinical practice. However, the structure of ePTFE is nonfibrous, which is not friendly to cells, and the equipment consumes a lot of energy and often requires the use of flammable and toxic lubricants. In this study, electrospinning was used to prepare PTFE vascular stent membranes, following plasma treatment, dopamine, and heparin grafting to obtain an anticoagulant surface.

Isoliensinine suppresses chondrocytes pyroptosis against osteoarthritis via the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Isoliensinine is an active compound derived from Nelumbo nucifera which has long been used for its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the mechanism of Isoliensinine in the treatment of osteoarthritis is poorly known.

Purpose: The present study aims to investigate whether Isoliensinine could alleviate osteoarthritis by regulating MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway-mediated pyroptosis.

Two-frame random phase-shifting interferometry immune to the influence of tilted phase-shift.

To expand the reliability of interferometry technology, this paper proposes a random two-frame algorithm with high accuracy, high robustness, and immunity to tilt phase-shift. This method uses the equivalence of inter-frame phase-shift and intra-frame phase difference to mine light intensity pixels carrying new phase-shift from different images. Then, the linear random phase-shift plane is fitted by least squares, and the inverse tangent relationship is used to obtain a high-precision phase distribution.

PLGA- Polysaccharide Nanovaccines Exert Therapeutic Effect in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Tumor vaccines have achieved remarkable progress in treating patients with various tumors in clinical studies. Nevertheless, extensive research has also revealed that tumor vaccines are not up to expectations for the treatment of solid tumors due to their low immunogenicity. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a tumor vaccine that can stimulate a broad anti-tumor immune response.

Cardamonin attenuates iron overload-induced osteoblast oxidative stress through the HIF-1α/ROS pathway.

Background: Osteoporosis(OP) is a bone disease under research. Iron overload is a significant risk factor. Iron balance is crucial for bone metabolism and biochemical processes.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antibacterial activity and mechanism of luteolin from Humulus scandens against Escherichia coli from chicken.

Resistance of Escherichia coli (E.coli) to antibiotics has steadily increased over time; hence, there is an urgent need to develop safer alternatives to antibiotics. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of luteolin (Lut) on E.