Tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect the kidney from gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury by incorporation into damaged renal tubules and amelioration of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stresses.

Background: Stem cell-based therapy is one of the tools for acute kidney injury (AKI) treatment. Tonsil tissue is a promising alternative source for the high-yield isolation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of tonsil-derived MSCs (T-MSCs) in animal model of AKI induced by gentamicin (GM).

Racial differences in bleeding risks among patients with atrial fibrillation: An ecological epidemiological study comparing Korea and UK population.

Background: Racial differences in the propensity to bleeding may be evident, with a higher risk of bleeding in Asian populations. This study aimed to assess racial differences in bleeding risk among patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) using an ecological epidemiological approach.

Methods: We included patients with AF from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening and UK Biobank who underwent health check-ups between 2006 and 2010.

Structure-based standardization of prebiotic soluble dietary fibers based on monosaccharide composition, degree of polymerization, and linkage composition.

Dietary fibers are diverse indigestible polysaccharides that can be categorized according to their physicochemical properties, including molecular size, monosaccharide composition, and glycosidic bond profile. Fiber promotes health by maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Prebiotic dietary fibers are utilized by microbes in the lower gastrointestinal tract under anaerobic conditions, producing essential metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids.

Supramolecular assemblies and nanoparticle integration studied through quantitative image analysis and 3D reconstruction.

Nanoparticle incorporation into supramolecular assemblies is essential for designing hybrid nanostructures with tailored optical and structural properties. However, understanding the interactions that govern the attachment and formation of such composites remains a challenge, particularly when complex structures are involved. In this study, we explore the fabrication of quantum dot (QD)/J-aggregate composites of tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (HTPPS), where electrostatic interactions between cysteamine-functionalized QDs and negatively charged J-aggregates of HTPPS with L-alanine play a key role in their formation.

Increasing dietary indigestible protein may exacerbate coccidiosis in broiler chickens.

The objective was to determine whether increasing dietary indigestible protein concentration exacerbates detrimental effects of coccidiosis in broiler chickens. A total of 192 male broiler chickens (Cobb 500, initial body weight = 310 ± 30 g) on d 11 post hatching were allotted to 4 treatments in a randomized complete block design. Each dietary treatment contained 8 replicate cages with 6 birds per cage.

The use of quantitative computed tomography for bone ash quantification may avoid euthanasia of young broiler chickens.

The objective of the current study was to compare bone ash and digital bone mineral content (BMC) calculated from clinical quantitative computed tomography (QCT) in young broiler chickens. A total of 576 male broiler chickens (initial BW = 190 ± 17 g) on d 8 post hatching were allotted to the 6 experimental diets in a randomized complete block design. The 6 diets included a phosphorus (P)-deficient basal diet based on corn and soybean meal, basal diet plus 0.

PAM-flexible adenine base editing rescues hearing loss in a humanized MPZL2 mouse model harboring an East Asian founder mutation.

Hearing loss is one of the most prevalent sensory disorders, but no commercial biological treatments are currently available. Here, we identify an East Asia-specific founder mutation, the homozygous c.220 C > T mutation in MPZL2, that contributes to a significant proportion of hereditary deafness cases in our cohort study.

Amino acid digestibility reduction in heat-damaged meat and bone meal fed to broiler chickens and growing pigs.

When pigs and beef cattle are processed in a slaughterhouse, the inedible parts are often used to produce meat and bone meal, which is a valuable supplement for pigs and chickens. However, the production of meat and bone meal requires heating, which can reduce the amino acid (AA) digestibility of this byproduct in pigs and chickens. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to determine the effects of species, heat damage, and interaction between these factors on standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA in meat and bone meal.

(Pierre) WW Sm. Extract Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Regulating Macrophage-Mediated Inflammation and .

Acute lung injury (ALI), primarily triggered by bacterial infection, occurs via intricate immune defense mechanisms within the lungs. This study aimed to investigate the potential of (Pierre) WW Sm. extract (CSE) as an anti-inflammatory agent in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced C57BL/6 mouse ALI model and RAW 264.

Temporal trends in ischemic stroke and female sex as a risk modifier in atrial fibrillation: insights from non-anticoagulated Asian patients in a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Previous studies from Western populations have reported changing temporal trends in ischemic stroke (IS) incidence in females with atrial fibrillation (AF) when compared with males. Nationwide data on such temporal trends in AF-related IS incidence by sex are limited in Asian populations.

Methods: This population-based retrospective cohort study included patients with incident AF diagnosed between 2005 and 2016 from the Korean National Health Insurance Service.

COOKIE-Pro: Covalent Inhibitor Binding Kinetics Profiling on the Proteome Scale.

Covalent inhibitors are an emerging class of therapeutics, but methods to comprehensively profile their binding kinetics and selectivity across the proteome have been limited. Here we introduce COOKIE-Pro (COvalent Occupancy KInetic Enrichment via Proteomics), an unbiased method for quantifying irreversible covalent inhibitor binding kinetics on a proteome-wide scale. COOKIE-Pro uses a two-step incubation process with mass spectrometry-based proteomics to determine and values for covalent inhibitors against both on-target and off-target proteins.

Desmoid fibromatosis in a child with DICER1-related tumor predisposition.

DICER1-related tumor predisposition is an inherited disorder, generally pediatric in onset, featuring a characteristic array of mainly mesenchymal tumors. We report a chest wall desmoid fibromatosis, occurring in a child who uniquely carries a germline "hotspot" DICER1 variant that likely leads to impaired miRNA biogenesis in all cells. This lesion contained a hotspot CTNNB1 c.

Update on left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.

The diagnosis and management of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction have evolved substantially since its initial characterization by invasive cardiac catheterization nearly 70 years ago. This review traces the historical progression of our understanding of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, with a particular focus on the pivotal role of echocardiography in redefining its detection, hemodynamic assessment, and clinical relevance, especially as its prevalence is expected to increase along with the growing aging population.

Comprehensive genetic profiling of sensorineural hearing loss using an integrative diagnostic approach.

Despite the advent of next-generation sequencing, diagnosing genetic disorders remains challenging. We perform comprehensive genomic profiling of 394 families (752 individuals) with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) using a systematic multi-tiered approach, from single-gene analysis to whole-genome sequencing (WGS), complemented by functional assays and bioinformatic analysis. Our strategy achieves a cumulative diagnostic yield of 55.

Enhancing the Predictions of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Severe Ulcerative Colitis Using a Deep Learning Ensemble Model: Development and Validation Study.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation in patients with severe ulcerative colitis (UC) leads to worse outcomes; yet, early detection remains challenging due to the reliance on time-intensive biopsy procedures.

Objective: This study explores the use of deep learning to differentiate CMV from severe UC through endoscopic imaging, offering a potential noninvasive diagnostic tool.

Methods: We analyzed 86 endoscopic images using an ensemble of deep learning models, including DenseNet (Densely Connected Convolutional Network) 121 pretrained on ImageNet.

Decreased proliferation of HepG2 liver cancer cells in vitro and exhibited proteomic changes in vivo in subjects with metabolic syndrome and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease who performed four-week dawn-to-dusk dry fasting.

Background: Four-week dawn-to-dusk dry fasting (DDDF) was previously shown to have a potent anti-inflammatory effect and induce an anti-tumorigenic proteome in the serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in subjects without cancer. The study goal was to determine if serum obtained from these subjects without cancer who underwent 4-week DDDF has an anti-tumorigenic effect.

Methods: HepG2 cells were treated with serum collected from four individuals with metabolic syndrome and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and four healthy individuals who performed 4-week DDDF.

Holey graphyne anode for metal-ion batteries: suitability for potassium-ion batteries.

Metal-ion batteries based on more abundant and cheaper elements than lithium are considered alternatives to Li-ion batteries. This study evaluated the performance of a recently discovered holey graphyne (HGY) with a porous layered structure composed of sp and sp hybridized carbon atoms as an anode for Li-, Na-, K-, Mg-, Ca-, Zn-, and Al-ion batteries. HGY is the most promising anode material for K-ion batteries.

Effects of enzyme-treated soy oligopeptide on intestinal health, feed preference, and growth performance in nursery pigs.

Objective: The objective was to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal (SBM) with enzyme-treated soy oligopeptide (ESO) in nursery pig diets on intestinal health, growth performance, and feed preference.

Methods: In Exp. 1, 128 pigs (average 5.

[Fungal Infection in Upper Gastrointestinal Tract].

Mycoses refer to infectious diseases caused by fungi. Fungal infections are rare and mainly occur as opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients. Candida species are the most common cause of mycosis; however, members of the order Mucorales or genus may also cause serious fungal infections in immunocompromised hosts.

Unveiling Radiation-Tolerant Thickness in a-IGZO Thin-Film Transistors with Sub-10 nm Film and Restoring Abnormalities via Energy-Efficient Electrothermal Annealing.

The threshold voltage () shift and anomalous hump characteristics caused by external gamma-rays (γ-rays) are problematic in electronic devices, especially in aerospace applications. To overcome those issues, we investigated the degradation mechanism and radiation immunity in ultrathin amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) with a sub-10 nm film, utilizing X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis and subgap density-of-states (DOS) characterization. Furthermore, energy-efficient electrothermal annealing (ETA) with a power-optimized electrical pulse signal is adopted to recover inevitable device damage triggered by continuous irradiation, resulting in enhancement of subthreshold slope (SS), elimination of the abnormal hump phenomenon, and confirmed heat spreading through thermal simulation.

The microRNA miR-30a blocks adipose tissue fibrosis accumulation in obesity.

White adipose tissue (WAT) fibrosis occurring in obesity contributes to the inflammatory and metabolic comorbidities of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, yet the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. Here, we report a role for the broadly conserved miRNA miR-30a as a regulator of WAT fibrosis and systemic glucose metabolism. Mice modified to express miR-30a at elevated levels in adipose tissues maintain insulin sensitivity coupled with reduced fatty liver disease when fed a high-fat diet.