Structure-based standardization of prebiotic soluble dietary fibers based on monosaccharide composition, degree of polymerization, and linkage composition.

Dietary fibers are diverse indigestible polysaccharides that can be categorized according to their physicochemical properties, including molecular size, monosaccharide composition, and glycosidic bond profile. Fiber promotes health by maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Prebiotic dietary fibers are utilized by microbes in the lower gastrointestinal tract under anaerobic conditions, producing essential metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids.

and Models for the Development of Hair Growth Materials By Regulating the -Catenin Signaling Pathways.

Although hair loss contributes to various social and economic, research methods for material development are currently limited. In this study, we established a research model for developing materials for hair growth through the regulation of -catenin. We confirmed that 100 nM tegatrabetan (TG), a -catenin inhibitor, decreased the proliferation of human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPCs) at 72 h.

Innate Immune-Enhancing Effect of Pollen Extract via NF-κB Pathway Activation.

Considering the emergence of various infectious diseases, including the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), people's attention has shifted towards immune health. Consequently, immune-enhancing functional foods have been increasingly consumed. Hence, developing new immune-enhancing functional food products is needed.

A comprehensive research setup for monitoring Alzheimer's disease using EEG, fNIRS, and Gait analysis.

Unlabelled: Alzheimer's disease (AD) has a detrimental impact on brain function, affecting various aspects such as cognition, memory, language, and motor skills. Previous research has dominantly used electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to individually measure brain signals or combine the two methods to target specific brain functions. However, comprehending Alzheimer's disease requires monitoring various brain functions rather than focusing on a single function.

Sinapic acid alleviates inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) through localization of tight junction proteins by direct binding to TAK1 and improves intestinal microbiota.

Although sinapic acid is found in various edible plants and has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties including colitis, its underlying mechanism and effects on the composition of the gut microbiota are largely unknown. We aimed to identify an early response kinase that regulates the localization of tight junction proteins, act at the onset of the inflammatory response, and is regulated by sinapic acid. Additionally, we analyzed the effects of sinapic acid on the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiome.

CANet: A Channel Attention Network to Determine Informative Multi-channel for Image Classification from Brain Signals.

Changes in brain state that depend on various visual image stimulations have been investigated recently; however, it is difficult to decode visual image information from brain signal information. Recently, deep learning techniques have been applied to classify brain signals in various experiments, such as motor imagery and steady state visual evoked potential. However, although the deep learning model seems powerful, it is understood poorly, and thus, can be considered a black box.

P300 Speller Performance Predictor Based on RSVP Multi-feature.

Brain-computer interface (BCI) systems were developed so that people can control computers or machines through their brain activity without moving their limbs. The P300 speller is one of the BCI applications used most commonly, as is very simple and reliable and can achieve satisfactory performance. However, like other BCIs, the P300 speller still has room for improvements in terms of its practical use, for example, selecting the best compromise between spelling accuracy and information transfer rate (ITR; speed) so that the P300 speller can maintain high accuracy while increasing spelling speed.

Oscillatory brain activity changes by anodal tDCS - An ECoG study on anesthetized beagles.

Measuring neuronal activity of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is essential for investigating tDCS in stimuli or after stimuli effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the oscillatory changes from anodal tDCS using electrocorticography (ECoG) on beagles. We applied 2 mA anodal tDCS and monitored the ECoG signals (32 channels, 512 Hz sampling rate) for 15 minutes in three anesthetized beagles.