Approaching 24% Efficiency in Four-Terminal Perovskite/CZTSSe Tandem Solar Cells Using Diphenylammonium Chloride Additive-Based Wide-Bandgap Perovskite Absorber.

In the quest for high-efficiency photovoltaics, tandem solar cells combining perovskite and CZTSSe (copper zinc tin sulfide selenide) hold significant promise. This study explores the integration of diphenylammonium chloride (DPACl) as an additive within a wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskite layer to enhance the performance of a four-terminal (4-T) hybrid tandem solar cells (HTSCs) device. The DPACl additive has been systematically optimized and utilized for WBG perovskite solar cells (PSCs).

Blockade of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 ameliorates metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and fibrosis.

11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) is a key enzyme involved in the conversion of cortisone to active cortisol in the liver. Elevated cortisol levels can trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, and hepatocyte damage, highlighting the importance of 11β-HSD1 inhibition as a potential therapeutic approach. This study aimed to explore the effects of INU-101, an inhibitor of 11β-HSD1, on the development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and fibrosis.

Facile Approach for Metallic Precursor Engineering for Efficient Kesterite Thin-Film Solar Cells.

Kesterite-based CuZnSn(S,Se) (CZTSSe) thin-film solar cells (TFSCs) are a promising candidate for low-cost, clean energy production owing to their environmental friendliness and the earth-abundant nature of their constituents. However, the advancement of kesterite TFSCs has been impeded by abundant defects and poor microstructure, limiting their performance potential. In this study, we present efficient Ag-alloyed CZTSSe TFSCs enabled by a facile metallic precursor engineering approach.

Unveiling the Role of Ge in CZTSSe Solar Cells by Advanced Micro-To-Atom Scale Characterizations.

Kesterite is an earth-abundant energy material with high predicted power conversion efficiency, making it a sustainable and promising option for photovoltaics. However, a large open circuit voltage V deficit due to non-radiative recombination at intrinsic defects remains a major hurdle, limiting device performance. Incorporating Ge into the kesterite structure emerges as an effective approach for enhancing performance by manipulating defects and morphology.

Improving the Device Performance of CZTSSe Thin-Film Solar Cells via Indium Doping.

Cation incorporation emerges as a promising approach for improving the performance of the kesterite CuZnSn(S,Se) (CZTSSe) device. Herein, we report indium (In) doping using the chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique to enhance the optoelectronic properties of CZTSSe thin-film solar cells (TFSCs). To incorporate a small amount of the In element into the CZTSSe absorber thin films, an ultrathin (<10 nm) layer of InS is deposited on soft-annealed precursor (Zn-Sn-Cu) thin films prior to the sulfo-selenization process.

Rapid Synthesis of Ultrathin Ni:FeOOH with In Situ-Induced Oxygen Vacancies for Enhanced Water Oxidation Activity and Stability of BiVO Photoanodes.

The coupling of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts with photoanodes is a promising strategy for enhancing the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance by passivating photoanode's surface defect states and facilitating charge transfer at the photoanode/electrolyte interface. However, a serious interface recombination issue caused by poor interface and OER catalysts coating quality often limits further performance improvement of photoanodes. Herein, a rapid Fenton-like reaction method is demonstrated to produce ultrathin amorphous Ni:FeOOH catalysts with in situ-induced oxygen vacancies (Vo) to improve the water oxidation activity and stability of BiVO photoanodes.

Novel Mg- and Ga-doped ZnO/Li-Doped Graphene Oxide Transparent Electrode/Electron-Transporting Layer Combinations for High-Performance Thin-Film Solar Cells.

Herein, a novel combination of Mg- and Ga-co-doped ZnO (MGZO)/Li-doped graphene oxide (LGO) transparent electrode (TE)/electron-transporting layer (ETL) has been applied for the first time in Cu ZnSn(S,Se) (CZTSSe) thin-film solar cells (TFSCs). MGZO has a wide optical spectrum with high transmittance compared to that with conventional Al-doped ZnO (AZO), enabling additional photon harvesting, and has a low electrical resistance that increases electron collection rate. These excellent optoelectronic properties significantly improved the short-circuit current density and fill factor of the TFSCs.

Emerging Surface, Bulk, and Interface Engineering Strategies on BiVO for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.

The photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell that collects and stores abundant sunlight to hydrogen fuel promises a clean and renewable pathway for future energy needs and challenges. Monoclinic bismuth vanadate (BiVO ), having an earth-abundancy, nontoxicity, suitable optical absorption, and an ideal n-type band position, has been in the limelight for decades. BiVO is a potential photoanode candidate due to its favorable outstanding features like moderate bandgap, visible light activity, better chemical stability, and cost-effective synthesis methods.

Achieving Low -deficit Characteristics in CuZnSn(S,Se) Solar Cells through Improved Carrier Separation.

Kesterite-based thin-film solar cells (TFSCs) have recently gained significant attention in the photovoltaic (PV) sector for their elemental earth abundance and low toxicity. An inclusive study from the past reveals basic knowledge about the grain boundary (GB) and grain interior (GI) interface. However, the compositional dependency of the surface potential within GBs and GIs remains unclear.

Age shock index, shock index, and modified shock index for predicting postintubation hypotension in the emergency department.

Introduction: Hypotension after emergent ETI is a relatively common complication during and after emergency airway management. We aimed to evaluate SI, MSI, and age SI to predict PIH in patients who presented to the emergency department. Moreover, which factors would be better for predicting the event or similar to the others.

Combination Effect of Titrated Extract of and Astaxanthin in a Mouse Model of Phthalic Anhydride-Induced Atopic Dermatitis.

Purpose: In our previous study, we demonstrated that both titrated extract of (TECA) and astaxanthin (AST) have anti-inflammatory effects in a 5% phthalic anhydride (PA) mouse model of atopic dermatitis (AD). The increasing prevalence of AD demands new therapeutic approaches for treating the disease. We investigated the therapeutic efficacy of the ointment form of TECA, AST and a TECA + AST combination in a mouse model of AD to see whether a combination of the reduced doses of 2 compounds could have a synergistic effect.

Band Tail Engineering in Kesterite CuZnSn(S,Se) Thin-Film Solar Cells with 11.8% Efficiency.

Herein, we report a facile process, i.e., controlling the initial chamber pressure during the postdeposition annealing, to effectively lower the band tail states in the synthesized CZTSSe thin films.

Anti-inflammatory effect of Centella asiatica phytosome in a mouse model of phthalic anhydride-induced atopic dermatitis.

Background: Centella asiatica phytosome (CA phytosome) has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its anti-dermatitic effect has not yet been reported.

Purpose: We investigated the effects of CA phytosome on inflammatory reponses by macrophages in an atopic dermatitis (AD) mouse model.

Antarctic Krill Oil Diet Protects against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment.

Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are implicated in the development and pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of krill oil. Oil from (Antarctic krill), an Antarctic marine species, is rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA).

Identification and expression of GH-8 family chitosanases from several Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies.

The Gram-positive spore-forming bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis, a member of the Bacillus cereus group, produces chitosanases that catalyze the hydrolysis of chitosan to chitosan-oligosaccharides (COS). Although fungal and bacterial chitosanases belonging to other glycoside hydrolase (GH) families have been characterized in a variety of microorganisms, knowledge on the genetics and phylogeny of the GH-8 chitosanases remains limited. Nine genes encoding chitosanases were cloned from 29 different serovar strains of B.