Direct measurements for the kinetics of C-C bond fission in the high temperature decomposition of isopropanol.

The thermal decomposition of isopropanol was studied experimentally and theoretically with a view to isolate and directly measure rate coefficients for the dominant radical channel in this multi-channel process. Two complementary shock tube methods, laser schlieren densitomtery and H-atom atomic resonance absorption spectroscopy, were used to obtain rate coefficents for the C-C bond fission channel. The experimental ranges span temperatures from 1200-2100 K and pressures between 30-690 torr.

Late-Life Aerobic Exercise Attenuates DNA Damage and Telomere Dysfunction in Non-Atheroprone but Not in Atheroprone Aortic Regions.

Cellular senescence is a state of persistent cell cycle arrest and is a critical contributor to arterial aging. The primary drivers of cellular senescence are the DNA damage response (DDR) and telomere dysfunction, which is induced by increasing exposure to DNA-damaging stimuli such as atheroprone shear stress. While late-life aerobic exercise is an effective intervention to mitigate arterial aging, its specific impact on the DDR and telomere dysfunction is unknown and may not show uniform benefits across aortic regions subjected to atheroprone and non-atheroprone shear stress.

Comprehensive at-home sexually transmitted and blood borne infection (STBBI) testing program: A pilot study.

BackgroundRates of sexually transmitted and blood borne infections (STBBI) are rapidly increasing. Despite the high diagnostic accuracy of self-testing, no fully remote STBBI testing programs are available in Canada. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a fully-remote, web-based, at-home STBBI testing (self-collection) program in Calgary, Canada.

Associations of High Attenuation Area-related Proteomic Biomarkers with Fibrotic or Subpleural Interstitial Lung Abnormalities.

Rationale: High attenuation area (HAA) is a computed tomography (CT) tool that correlates with lung inflammation and fibrosis. Systemic molecular correlates of HAA (e.g.

Evaluation of Major Complications Following Ruptured Implant Removal: A National Surgery Quality Improvement Program Database Analysis.

Background: After the removal of ruptured breast implants, patients may elect to replace or not replace ruptured implants. They also may elect to undergo mastopexy alone without replacement of breast implants to maintain a more aesthetic shape of the breast after ruptured implant removal.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to cultivate an understanding of demographic differences in patient populations who opted for various surgical options at the time of ruptured implant removal.

Posterior Ankle Impingement Due to Hypertrophic Low-Lying Flexor Hallucis Longus Muscle: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Posterior ankle impingement syndrome (PAIS) is a clinical disorder with pain elicited when the foot is placed into a forced plantarflexion position, resulting in compression of bony and/or soft tissue structures located within the posterior ankle region. Numerous soft tissue structures exist in close proximity to the posterior ankle joint which can also result in impingement, with flexor hallucis tendinitis being associated in 63% to 85% of cases. The purpose of this study is to present 3 cases of both open and endoscopic surgical approaches for the treatment of PAIS caused by a hypertrophied and low-lying flexor hallucis longus (FHL) muscle.

PET-CT Test Properties for HPV Positive Unknown Primary of the Neck: A FIND Trial Correlative Study.

Background: Diagnostic test properties for PET-CT in the setting of carcinoma of unknown primary (CUP) of the head and neck have been previously reported in the setting of limited pathologic correlation resulting in biased reporting. With the advent of transoral robotic techniques such as lingual tonsillectomy, the ability to identify small volume primaries has improved. This study aims to investigate the diagnostic test properties of PET-CT for carcinomas of unknown primary (CUP) of the head and neck.

Unilateral vs bilateral neck irradiation: The importance of careful patient selection in tailoring radiation therapy for lateralized palatine-tonsil and non-palatine-tonsil oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Title: Unilateral vs Bilateral Neck Irradiation: The Importance of Careful Patient Selection in Tailoring Radiation Therapy for Lateralized Palatine-Tonsil and Non-Palatine-Tonsil Oropharyngeal Carcinoma.

Purpose: To compare oncologic outcomes of well-lateralized oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC) following unilateral vs bilateral neck radiotherapy (RT).

Methods: Patients with cT1-3 N0-2bM0 (TNM-7) OPC, treated with curative (chemo)RT in two institutions (2008-2019) were identified.

Apixaban (Eliquis) for VTE Prophylaxis Following Abdominoplasty: Establishing a Safety and Efficacy Profile.

Background: Abdominoplasty and body contouring operations are responsible for a majority of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in aesthetic surgery. Apixaban is a newer oral anticoagulant that may prevent VTE without increasing the risk for hematoma. The goal of this study is to assess the safety and efficacy of apixaban as a method of anticoagulation for abdominoplasty patients.

SBRT for bridging and downstaging HCC before transplant.

Background & Aims: Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged as a bridging/downstaging therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) awaiting liver transplantation (LT). This study evaluates the safety and outcomes of the use of SBRT in such patients.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted from 2004 to 2019 on 88 adult patients with HCC receiving SBRT as bridging/downstaging therapy.

promotes the activity of ligand-bound DAF-12/NHR to coordinate dauer exit and post-dauer seam cell fate.

The mechanisms by which developmental pathways are modulated to accommodate periods of arrest are poorly understood. In larvae that encounter adverse environments, dauer diapause can interrupt developmental progression after the second larval molt. During continuous (non-dauer) development, a heterochronic molecular timer comprised primarily of microRNAs and their targets controls the progression of stage-specific cell fates in lateral hypodermal seam cells.

Evaluation of drug-drug interaction potentials between JP-1366 and celecoxib using physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling.

Zastaprazan (JP-1366) is a new potassium-competitive acid blocker being developed for treating gastrointestinal reflux disease. It is an orally administered small molecule that inhibits gastric H+ and K+-ATPases differently from proton pump inhibitors, which act quickly and have dose-dependent effects on acid secretion. Celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, will likely be used with zastaprazan in clinical settings and trials.

Tri-System Interlocking Top-Encased Structures Enabled Highly Stable Tin-Lead Perovskite Photodetection Arrays.

Tin-lead binary perovskites show a very broad spectral bandwidth from ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR) and outstanding optoelectronic properties for photodetection applications. However, the oxidation tendency of the divalent tin easily causes severe vacancies and defects, deteriorating the efficiency and stability of the device. In this work, without involving any costly synthesis of additives, a natural reducing agent of chlorogenic acid is proposed to establish a unique top-encased tri-system interlocking structure in tin-lead perovskites.

Successful use of bivalirudin in neonates for postoperative aortopulmonary shunt thrombosis prevention.

Objectives: We aim to describe the successful use of bivalirudin for immediate postoperative aortopulmonary shunt thrombosis prevention. This article also describes the details of an institutional protocol for postoperative aortopulmonary shunt thrombosis prevention. In addition, we demonstrate the safe and effective use of low-molecular-weight heparin and aspirin for interstage thrombosis prevention.

Proteomic discovery analysis of quantitatively assessed emphysema in the general population. The MESA Lung Study.

Background: Pulmonary emphysema occurs frequently in older adults, often without airflow limitation. Its presence predicts symptoms, respiratory hospitalizations and deaths, and all-cause mortality. Proteomics may provide further insights into emphysema pathogenesis and inform therapeutic targets.

Mosaic loss of chromosome Y in blood is associated with male susceptibility for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: The prevalence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is higher in men, a previously not well-understood sex bias that extends across severity and mortality. Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) in blood is male-specific and associated with adverse outcomes, including IPF. In mLOY-mice, enhanced TGF-β signaling has been reported to contribute to fibrosis of internal organs, but it is not known if such mLOY-driven disease mechanism exists in humans.

Associations of albuminuria with interstitial lung abnormalities in older community-dwelling adults confounded by age.

Background: Pulmonary microvascular dysfunction has been suggested to be an early feature of interstitial lung changes, which may precede interstitial lung disease. The prospective association of albuminuria, a marker of endothelial dysfunction, with interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) and high-attenuation areas (HAA) remains unexplored.

Methods: The study included participants with available spot urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) and computed tomography data for ILA and HAA enrolled in two independent cohorts, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; n=2248) and Age Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik (n=3509).

Defining the optimal radiation thresholds for Stratifying jaw osteoradionecrosis risk in head and neck cancer.

Purpose: Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaw is a serious complication following radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer (HNC). This study aimed to establish optimal thresholds for dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters to differentiate between low- and high-risk HNC groups for developing ORN while accounting for the competing risk of death.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of HNC patients treated with curative-intent RT between 2011 and 2018 was analyzed.

Regulation of MORC-1 is key to the CSR-1-mediated germline gene licensing mechanism in .

The Argonaute CSR-1 is essential for germline development in . Loss of CSR-1 leads to the down-regulation of thousands of germline-expressed genes, supporting a model in which CSR-1 "licenses" gene expression via a poorly understood mechanism. In contrast, a small subset of genes is up-regulated in mutants, including , which encodes a conserved GHKL-type ATPase.

Medicare spending and use of subcutaneous biologic formulations with hyaluronidase.

Several intravenously administered biologic drugs have been reformulated with hyaluronidase to enable subcutaneous delivery. This offers greater convenience and fewer infusion reactions while also increasing overall spending if biosimilar competition for the subcutaneous versions begins later than for the original intravenous versions. As of December 2024, at least 9 biologics had investigational or approved hyaluronidase versions.

Associations of interstitial lung disease subtype and CT pattern with lung function and survival.

Background: Prior work suggests different interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) that share the radiological usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern have an overall worse prognosis. However, epidemiological data with longitudinal sampling and replication remains lacking.

Methods: Data was used from the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry (PFF-PR) (n=932) and a meta-cohort of ILD research studies (n=1579).

Approach to the Evaluation and Management of Interstitial Lung Abnormalities: An Official American Thoracic Society Clinical Statement.

There is growing interest in identifying early stages of interstitial lung disease (ILD) to improve patient outcomes. This document reviews updated evidence on interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs); provides suggestions for screening, evaluation, and management; proposes criteria for distinguishing ILAs from ILD; and identifies research priorities. A committee of clinical and methodology experts met by video conference to define ILAs and ILD by consensus and voted on 11 prespecified questions after reviewing synthesized evidence from a systematic literature search.

Quality control of un-imported mitochondrial proteins at a glance.

Mitochondria are metabolic hubs that are essential for cellular homeostasis. Most mitochondrial proteins are translated in the cytosol and imported into the organelle. However, import machineries can become overwhelmed or disrupted by physiological demands, mitochondrial damage or diseases, such as metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders.

Association Between Pre-Diagnostic Delay and Survival Among Patients With Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Treated With Curative Intent During the COVID19 Pandemic.

Background: The majority of esophageal and gastric cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage with poor overall survival (OS). Whether the pre-diagnostic interval from symptom onset has any impact on OS is unclear. We investigated this question in the peri-COVID19 pandemic era.