A New Approach to Perfusion-Weighted Image Analysis: Measurement via Red-Green-Blue Information Inversion.

This study developed and validated a Python-based program for analyzing the region of interest mean values using red-green-blue (RGB)-reconstructed perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) data. The program addressed the limitations of traditional source-image-based analysis, including manufacturer dependency, high storage costs, and limited accessibility. High intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values for cerebral blood volume and time to peak confirmed the feasibility of this approach, whereas lower ICC values for mean transit time suggested discrepancies between reconstructed RGB images and conventional dynamic susceptibility contrast-based data.

Oral delivery of chitosan-bilirubin nanoparticles alleviates hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a severe chronic liver disease that often leads to complications, such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite intensive research and development efforts, there are relatively few approved therapeutics for MASH. Here, we report an oral nanomedicine comprising bilirubin-conjugated low molecular weight water-soluble chitosan (designated LMWC-BRNPs) that can alleviate oxidative stress and lipogenesis in liver to treat MASH in a mouse model.

The ERVK3-1 Microprotein Interacts with the HUSH Complex.

Human endogenous retroviruses (hERVs) are noninfectious molecular remnants of ancient exogenous retroviruses that now make up 8% of the human genome. The ubiquitously expressed human locus was recently annotated as encoding a 109-amino acid endogenous retroviral Rec microprotein. However, because this locus was thought to be noncoding until recently, it is currently unknown whether the ERVK3-1 microprotein has a function in human cells.

Facial Asymmetry Phenotypes in Adult Patients With Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate and Skeletal Class III Malocclusion Using Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis.

Objective: To classify and characterise facial asymmetry (FA) phenotypes in adult patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) and skeletal Class III (C-III) malocclusion.

Materials And Methods: The samples consisted of 72 adult BCLP patients (56 males, 16 females; mean age, 21.0 years), who were candidates for orthognathic surgery (OGS) or had undergone OGS for the correction of C-III malocclusion.

MRI Imaging Biomarkers for Prognostication of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a heterogeneous tumor with variable prognosis, even among patients at a similar tumor stage. Therefore, identifying prognostic features prior to treatment can help select the best therapeutic approach and ultimately optimize patient survival. While many imaging features on MRI have been suggested to have prognostic potential, some have emerged as critical imaging biomarkers, and efforts are underway to define and standardize relevant terminology.

Comparison of Gadoxetic Acid-Enhanced Liver Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography for the Noninvasive Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to outperform computed tomography (CT) in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), although inconsistencies exist across studies. We compared the performance of CT and gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI in diagnosing HCC according to various guidelines, and to assess the incremental value of a second-line examination.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included patients at risk of developing HCC with focal liver lesions (FLLs) ≥10 mm.

The Patterns of Physical Activity Using Latent Profile Analysis Applied to Accelerometry and Associated Sociodemographic and Health Factors Among Older Adults in Korea.

Background/objectives: Although lower physical activity (PA) intensity and shorter duration are deemed appropriate for older adults, it remains unclear whether lighter intensity PA can be a significant characteristic of PA patterns. This study explored the underlying profile of PA patterns including lifestyle intensity assessed by accelerometry and associated sociodemographic factors among individuals aged ≥65 years.

Methods: Using data from the 2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, this study included 425 participants aged ≥65 years who wore an accelerometer for ≥10 hr/day, ≥3 days/week, over 1 week.

Prognosis Prediction of Facemask With Miniplate Therapy in Patients With Cleft Lip With/Without Palate.

Objective: To investigate the prognosis prediction of facemask with miniplate (FMMP) therapy in patients with cleft lip with/without palate (CL/P).

Materials And Methods: The subjects were 103 CL/P patients treated with FMMP therapy. Twenty-five cephalometric variables were measured at preadolescence (T0) and young adulthood (T1).

A proinflammatory response and polarized differentiation of stromal elements characterizes the murine myeloma bone marrow niche.

Background: The bone marrow (BM) niche contains non-hematopoietic elements including mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and bone marrow endothelial cells (BMEC) which provide mechanical support, and control hematopoietic cell growth and differentiation. Although it is known that multiple myeloma (MM) cells interact closely with the BM microenvironment, little is known about the impact of MM on non-hematopoietic niche-forming cells.

Methods: To address the role of the niche in MM pathogenesis, we utilized the 5TGM1 murine model.

A ketogenic diet decreases sevoflurane-induced burst suppression in rats.

Background: The brain requires a continuous fuel supply to support cognition and can get energy from glucose and ketones. Dysregulated brain metabolism is thought to contribute to perioperative neurocognitive disorders and anesthesia-induced burst suppression. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between brain metabolites and neurophysiology during the behavioral states of sleep and anesthesia under a standard diet (SD) or a ketogenic diet (KD).

Noncontrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging vs Ultrasonography for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance: A Randomized, Single-Center Trial.

Background & Aims: This study aimed to compare ultrasonography (US) and noncontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the surveillance of hepatic malignancy.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, nonblinded trial at a single center in South Korea. Eligible individuals were aged 20 to 70 years with liver cirrhosis, Child-Pugh class A, and no history of liver cancer or other recent malignancy.

Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Phosphate Induces Restrictive Ventilation Defect and Alters Lung Resistance and Compliance in Mice.

Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p), a major ingredient of humidifier disinfectants, is known to induce inflammation, interstitial pneumonitis, and fibrosis in the lungs. While its histopathologic toxicities have been studied in rodents, research on pulmonary function test (PFT) changes following PHMG-p exposure is limited. This study aimed to investigate the acute and chronic effects, as well as the dose and time response, of PHMG-p on the lungs in mice using PFT and histopathologic examinations.

Feasibility of F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography for the Assessment of Canine Granulosa Cell Tumours in Two Dogs.

Two spayed female mongrels were presented for an abdominal mass and metastasis examination. To investigate suspected ovarian tumours and metastasis, F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) was performed. F-FDG PET revealed mildly increased glucose uptake (maximum standardised uptake values, 2.

Safety and efficacy of Mg-Dy membrane with poly-L-lactic acid coating for guided bone regeneration.

The aim of this study was to evaluate safety and efficacy of a poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA)-coated magnesium (Mg)-Dysprosium (Dy) membrane in guided bone regeneration (GBR) using a rabbit calvarium model. The microstructure of the Mg-Dy membrane surface and thickness of the PLLA coating were examined. In vitro degradation and cytotoxicity test was conducted.

Advances in Understanding Hepatocellular Carcinoma Vasculature: Implications for Diagnosis, Prognostication, and Treatment.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progresses through multiple stages of hepatocarcinogenesis, with each stage characterized by specific changes in vascular supply, drainage, and microvascular structure. These vascular changes significantly influence the imaging findings of HCC, enabling non-invasive diagnosis. Vascular changes in HCC are closely related to aggressive histological characteristics and treatment responses.

Stability Evaluation and Pharmacokinetic Profiling of Vepdegestrant in Rodents Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

Vepdegestrant (formerly ARV-471), a novel proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC), targets estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) for degradation, offering a promising option to treat advanced ER-positive breast cancer. We developed and validated a sensitive and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method to quantify vepdegestrant in rodent plasma using bavdegalutamide (formerly ARV-110) as an internal standard. Plasma samples were prepared with protein precipitation using acetonitrile and analyzed using reverse-phase C18 columns and a mobile phase of 10 mM ammonium formate in distilled water and acetonitrile.

Resorbable Microspheres versus Trisacryl Gelatin Microspheres for Uterine Artery Embolization: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background There are insufficient data comparing resorbable microspheres (RMs) with permanent trisacryl gelatin microspheres (TAGMs) for uterine artery embolization (UAE). Purpose To compare therapeutic efficacy and clinical outcomes in participants with symptomatic fibroids after UAE with RMs or TAGMs. Materials and Methods This randomized controlled trial included participants undergoing UAE for symptomatic fibroids at a single institution (from May 2021 to May 2023).

Magneto-Responsive Chiral Optical Materials: Flow-Induced Twisting of Cellulose Nanocrystals in Patterned Magnetic Fields.

Magnetic fields have been used to uniformly align the lyotropic chiral nematic (cholesteric) liquid crystalline (LC) phase of biopolymers to a global orientation and optical appearance. Here, we demonstrate that, in contrast, weak and patterned magnetic field gradients can create a complex optical appearance with the variable spatial local organization of needle-like magnetically decorated cellulose nanocrystals. The formation of optically patterned thin films with left- and right-handed chiral and achiral regions is observed and related to local magnetic gradient-driven vortices during LC suspension flow.