Exogenous melatonin preserves quality and inhibits browning of fresh-cut feijoa through regulation of oxidative stress and phenylpropanoid metabolism during cold storage.

Background: In recent years, the increasing demand for healthy, convenient, and ready-to-eat food has led to fresh-cut fruit becoming increasingly popular. However, mechanical damage during processing accelerates deterioration, resulting in browning, 'off' flavors, softening, and reduced shelf life.

Results: Treatment with 0.

Temporal Trends of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Burden in the East and Southeast Asia from 1990 to 2021: An Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Purpose: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most prevalent endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age. This study aims to assess the current burden of PCOS in East and Southeast Asia and analyze its spatiotemporal trends over the past three decades.

Patients And Methods: Data on the prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) due to PCOS from 1990 to 2021 were extracted from the GBD 2021.

Intelligent Identification of Tea Plant Seedlings Under High-Temperature Conditions via YOLOv11-MEIP Model Based on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Imaging.

To achieve an efficient, non-destructive, and intelligent identification of tea plant seedlings under high-temperature stress, this study proposes an improved YOLOv11 model based on chlorophyll fluorescence imaging technology for intelligent identification. Using tea plant seedlings under varying degrees of high temperature as the research objects, raw fluorescence images were acquired through a chlorophyll fluorescence image acquisition device. The fluorescence parameters obtained by Spearman correlation analysis were found to be the maximum photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), and the fluorescence image of this parameter is used to construct the dataset.

Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Reveal Age-Dependent Development of Meat Quality Traits in Jingyuan Chicken.

In this study, we investigated the dynamic changes in muscle lipid content (MLC) deposition in the breast muscle of Jingyuan chickens at different stages (42-, 126-, and 180- days old) using metabolomics. The pH a*, and L* were significantly increased in the breast muscle of 126-day-old chickens, and MLC and b* were significantly increased in the breast muscle of 180-day-old chickens. A total of 4643 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified, of which 10 decreased and 29 increased with age.

Comprehensive Review on Personalized Pain Assessment and Multimodal Interventions for Postoperative Recovery Optimization.

Postoperative pain management is an important determinant of patient recovery, as it directly influences rehabilitation efficiency, hospitalization duration, and the risk of postoperative complications. Despite its significance, traditional pain management strategies often fail to adequately address individual variability and the multidimensional nature of pain, thereby limiting their effectiveness. To address these limitations, we designed this comprehensive narrative review to systematically summarize relevant literature published between 2000 and 2024, from databases such as PubMed and Web of Science, with a particular focus on personalized pain assessment and multimodal interventions to optimize postoperative recovery.

Graded KNN-Based Lead-Free Ultrasonic Transducer for Wide-Temperature Nondestructive Testing Imaging.

To advance the development of potassium sodium niobate (KNN)-based materials, devices, and their associated applications, this study introduces a collaborative approach to the optimization of materials and devices for wide-temperature, high-resolution nondestructive testing (NDT) imaging. This is achieved through the integration of graded lead-free KNN-based ceramics and wide-temperature-focused ultrasonic transducers. The graded KNN ceramics, featuring a coexistence of orthorhombic-tetragonal, rhombohedral-orthorhombic-tetragonal, and rhombohedral-tetragonal (O-T/R-O-T/R-T) crystalline phases, were engineered to enhance both thermal stability and piezoelectric performance.

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide rejuvenates septic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Background: Sepsis is a severe illness characterized by systemic and multiorgan reactive responses and damage. However, the impact of sepsis on the bone marrow, particularly on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), is less reported. BMSCs are critical stromal cells in the bone marrow microenvironment that maintain bone stability and hematopoietic homeostasis; however, the impairment caused by sepsis remains unknown.

A comparative study of the composition of microorganisms and metabolites in different β-casein genetic types of dairy cows based on metagenomics and non-targeted metabolomics.

β-Casein is the main component of cow's milk protein, with A1 and A2 β-casein being the most common. Of these, A1 β-casein hydrolysate produces BCM-7, which can cause lactose intolerance, while A2 β-casein milk is more gentle on the gut. However, there is limited research on the composition of rumen microbiota, metabolites, and host metabolites in different genotype cows using metagenomics and metabolomics.

Accurate operando measurement of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs channel temperature and optimization of thermal design.

The accurate estimation of the temperature distribution of the GaN based power devices and optimization of the device structure is of great significance to possibly solve the self-heating problem, which hinders the further enhancement of the device performances. We present here the operando temperature measurement with high spatial resolution using Raman spectroscopy of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) with different device structures and explore the optimization of the device thermal design accordingly. The lateral and depth temperature distributions of the single-finger HEMT were characterized.

Initial Outcomes and Methodologies of a Novel Single-Port Robotic Surgery in Gynecology.

Background And Objectives: The study aims to elucidate the initial results and methodologies employed in utilizing a recently introduced single-port (SP) robotic surgical system for the management for benign and malignant gynecological disorders.

Methods: A total of 33 patients with benign or malignant gynecologic conditions between 2022 and 2024 were included, all patients underwent SP robotic surgery.

Results: A total of 33 patients were successfully enrolled.

Corrigendum: Integrated metagenomics and metabolomics analyses revealed biomarkers in β-casein A2A2-type cows.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.

Association of and genes with milk production traits in Chinese Holstein cows: polymorphism and functional validation analysis.

Milk production traits play an important role in dairy cattle breeding, and single nucleotide polymorphisms can be used as effective molecular markers for milk production trait marker-assisted breeding in dairy cattle. Based on the results of the preliminary GWAS, candidate genes and associated with milk production traits were screened. In this study, the aim was to screen and characterize the SNPs of and genes about milk production traits.

bta-miR-224 regulates milk fat metabolism by targeting FABP4 in bovine mammary epithelial cells.

Milk fat is produced and secreted by the mammary gland, which is mainly regulated by diet and gene-molecule network. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanism of milk fat synthesis is of practical significance for improving milk quality. Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is a candidate messenger RNA (mRNA) closely linked to milk fat metabolism obtained from transcriptomic analysis of mammary epithelial cells of cows in the pre-existing high- and low-milk-fat groups, and its expression pattern and function are still unclear.

Integrated metagenomics and metabolomics analyses revealed biomarkers in β-casein A2A2-type cows.

In Holstein cows, β-casein, one of the most critical proteins in milk, exists in two main genotypes, A1 and A2. Herein, 45 Holstein cows [categorized into three groups based on β-casein A1A1, A1A2, and A2A2 genotypes ( = 15)] with the same feeding management and litter size were enrolled to explore differences in rumen microflora and metabolites across various β-casein genotypes. Rumen fluids were collected for metagenomics and metabolomics analyses.

Ultrahigh Electrostrictive Effect in Lead-Free Sodium Bismuth Titanate-Based Relaxor Ferroelectric Thick Film.

In recent years, the development of environmentally friendly, lead-free ferroelectric films with prominent electrostrictive effects have been a key area of focus due to their potential applications in micro-actuators, sensors, and transducers for advanced microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). This work investigated the enhanced electrostrictive effect in lead-free sodium bismuth titanate-based relaxor ferroelectric films. The films, composed of (BiNa)BaSrTiO (BNBST, x = 0.

Antifungal Activity of Sesamol on : Interfering with Cell Membrane and Energy Metabolism.

This paper investigated the inhibitory effect of Sesamol (Ses) on . The potential inhibitory mechanisms were explored by observing changes in cell morphology, measuring alterations in cell membrane-related indices, as well as energy metabolism-related indices and changes in enzyme activities related to virulence. The results show that Ses completely inhibited the growth of at 600 μg/mL (minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration), with an EC of 142 ± 13.

Effects of MTHFR C677T polymorphism on homocysteine and vitamin D in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objectives: To evaluate the correlation between serum vitamin D, homocysteine and the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Study design We retrospectively compared the serum homocysteine and vitamin D levels and the MTHFR C677T polymorphism in 104 PCOS patients and 104 controls. Parameters related to PCOS were statistically analysed.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D is associated with homocysteine in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and homocysteine in infertile-related PCOS.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 208 participants (86 PCOS and 122 non-PCOS) who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from March 2020 to October 2021 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Second affiliated hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. Methods of Pearson correlation and linear regression were used to evaluate the associations between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and homocysteine in infertile-related PCOS, and a smooth curve fitting were used to address potential nonlinearity.

Effect of marital status on the survival outcomes of cervical cancer: a retrospective cohort study based on SEER database.

Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor troubling women worldwide. Whether marital status affects the prognosis of cervical cancer is still unclear. Here, we investigate the prognostic value of marital status in patients with cervical cancer based on the seer database.

Protective effect of electroacupuncture at ST36 against damage of intestinal mucosa, oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by 5-FU chemotherapy in mice with colon cancer.

Objectives: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Zusanli"(ST36) on intestinal mucosal damage, intestinal mucosal oxidative stress injury and apoptosis induced by 5-fluorouraeil (5-FU) chemotherapy in colorectal cancer-bearing mice.

Methods: Thirty male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into normal control, colorectal cancer (CT26), 5-FU, non-acupoint and ST36 groups, with 6 mice in each group. Except for those of the normal control group, mice of the remaining 4 groups received subcutaneous implantation of colorectal CT26 cell suspension (0.

Specifies Hemangioblasts at the Top of Regulatory Hierarchy via and mTOR-S6K-Emp2-ERK Signaling.

Background: Hemangioblasts are mesoderm-derived multipotent stem cells for differentiation of all hematopoietic and endothelial cells in the circulation system. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is poorly understood.

Methods: CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/Cas9 (type II CRISPR RNA-guided endonuclease) editing was used to develop and knockout zebra fish.

Targeting Lewis X oligosaccharide-modified liposomes encapsulated with house dust mite allergen Der f 2 to dendritic cells inhibits Th2 immune response.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only curative treatment for allergic diseases. However, the long desensitization phase and potentially dangerous allergic side effects limit its broad application. Therefore, safer and more effective vaccines are required.

Graphene oxide had adverse effects on sperm motility and morphology through oxidative stress.

Graphene oxide (GO) is a new type of graphene material, but its effects on the male reproductive system are unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of GO on human sperm in vitro. Sperms were incubated with various doses of GO (0, 10, 20, or 40 μg/mL) for different times (1, 3, or 6 h) at 37 °C, followed by analyses of the sperm motility, viability, abnormalities, and DNA fragmentations.