Stacking-Selective Epitaxy of Rare-Earth Diantimonides.

Deterministic control of the layering configuration of two-dimensional quantum materials plays a central role in studying their emergent electronic properties. Here we demonstrate control over competing stacking configurations in thin film crystals of the rare-earth diantimonides by synthesizing in proximity to competing structural orders. A crossover between the epitaxially stabilized monoclinic structure and the orthorhombic structure commonly observed in bulk crystals is navigated through three axes─the relative cation/anion ratio, growth temperature, and choice of lanthanide ion─culminating with a comparative magnetotransport study of single-yet-distinct phase CeSb films.

Regional educational environment and its association with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder diagnosis in South Korea (2013-2019).

Purpose: The educational environment's characteristics (e.g., class size) may affect attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis.

Discovery of 1,4-Disubstituted Cyclohexene Analogues as Selective GPR119 Agonists for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes.

GPR119 has emerged as a promising target for treating type 2 diabetes and associated obesity, as its stimulation induces the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide in the intestinal tract as well as the glucose-dependent release of insulin in pancreatic β-cells. We describe the design and synthesis of novel GPR119 agonists containing a 1,4-disubstituted cyclohexene scaffold. Compound displayed nanomolar potency (EC = 3.

Monoclinic LaSb Superconducting Thin Films.

Rare-earth diantimondes exhibit coupling between structural and electronic orders, which are tunable under pressure and temperature. Here we present the discovery of a new polymorph of LaSb stabilized in thin films synthesized using molecular beam epitaxy. Using diffraction, electron microscopy, and first-principles calculations we identify a YbSb-type monoclinic lattice as a yet-uncharacterized stacking configuration.

Electrically Controlled All-Antiferromagnetic Tunnel Junctions on Silicon with Large Room-Temperature Magnetoresistance.

Antiferromagnetic (AFM) materials are a pathway to spintronic memory and computing devices with unprecedented speed, energy efficiency, and bit density. Realizing this potential requires AFM devices with simultaneous electrical writing and reading of information, which are also compatible with established silicon-based manufacturing. Recent experiments have shown tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) readout in epitaxial AFM tunnel junctions.

Magnetochiral tunneling in paramagnetic CoNbS.

Electric currents have the intriguing ability to induce magnetization in nonmagnetic crystals with sufficiently low crystallographic symmetry. Some associated phenomena include the non-linear anomalous Hall effect in polar crystals and the nonreciprocal directional dichroism in chiral crystals when magnetic fields are applied. In this work, we demonstrate that the same underlying physics is also manifested in the electronic tunneling process between the surface of a nonmagnetic chiral material and a magnetized scanning probe.

Discovery of novel imidazole chemotypes as isoform-selective JNK3 inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Despite innumerable efforts to develop effective therapeutics, it is difficult to achieve breakthrough treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the main reason is probably the absence of a clear target. Here, we reveal c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3), a protein kinase explicitly expressed in the brain and involved in neuronal apoptosis, with a view toward providing effective treatment for AD. For many years, we have worked on JNK3 inhibitors and have discovered 2-aryl-1-pyrimidinyl-1H-imidazole-5-yl acetonitrile-based JNK3 inhibitors with superb potency (IC < 1.

Direct Visualization of Surface Spin-Flip Transition in MnBi_{4}Te_{7}.

We report direct visualization of spin-flip transition of the surface layer in antiferromagnet MnBi_{4}Te_{7}, a natural superlattice of alternating MnBi_{2}Te_{4} and Bi_{2}Te_{3} layers, using cryogenic magnetic force microscopy (MFM). The observation of magnetic contrast across domain walls and step edges confirms that the antiferromagnetic order persists to the surface layers. The magnetic field dependence of the MFM images reveals that the surface magnetic layer undergoes a first-order spin-flip transition at a magnetic field that is lower than the bulk transition, in excellent agreement with a revised Mills model.

Gas-Permeable Iron-Doped Ceria Shell on Rh Nanoparticles with High Activity and Durability.

Strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) is a promising strategy to control the structure of the supported metal catalyst. Especially, encapsulating metal nanoparticles through SMSI can enhance resistance against sintering but typically blocks the access of reactants onto the metal surface. Here, we report gas-permeable shells formed on Rh nanoparticles with enhanced activity and durability for the surface reaction.

Image-Based Evaluation of Irradiation Effects in Brain Tissues by Measuring Absolute Electrical Conductivity Using MRI.

Radiation-induced injury is damage to normal tissues caused by unintentional exposure to ionizing radiation. Image-based evaluation of tissue damage by irradiation has an advantage for the early assessment of therapeutic effects by providing sensitive information on minute tissue responses in situ. Recent magnetic resonance (MR)-based electrical conductivity imaging has shown potential as an effective early imaging biomarker for treatment response and radiation-induced injury.

Acylated saponins and flavonoid glycosides from the fruits of Stewartia koreana.

Three acylated saponins and three flavonoid glycosides, along with nine known flavonoids, were isolated from the fruits of Stewartia koreana Nakai ex Rehder (Theaceae) using relative mass defect filtering analysis. The structures of these compounds were determined by performing spectroscopic analyses and using chemical methods. Furthermore, all the isolates were evaluated for their effects on the mRNA expression of the genes for proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) as well as their inhibitory activities on PCSK9 and LDLR binding.

Anti-rheumatic, and analgesic effects by the parent tuberous roots of Aconitum jaluense in adjuvant induced arthritis rats.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this study was to test the anti-rheumatic effects of A. jaluense tubers in acute and chronic arthritis rats, and to assign its ingredients through UHPLC-TOF/MS.

Materials And Methods: Subcutaneous injection of carrageenan for acute arthritis and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) for chronic arthritis was carried out in the hind paw of SD rats.

Wide angle holographic video projection display.

Holographic projection displays provide high diffraction efficiency. However, they have a limited projection angle. This work proposes a holographic projection display with a wide angle, which gives an image of size 306×161 at 700 mm and reduced speckle noise.

Prenylated Flavonoid Glycosides with PCSK9 mRNA Expression Inhibitory Activity from the Aerial Parts of .

Phytochemical investigation on the -BuOH-soluble fraction of the aerial parts of using the PCSK9 mRNA monitoring assay led to the identification of four previously undescribed acylated flavonoid glycosides and 18 known compounds. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by NMR, MS, and other chemical methods. All isolated compounds were tested for their inhibitory activity against PCSK9 mRNA expression in HepG2 cells.

Identification of neolignans with PCSK9 downregulatory and LDLR upregulatory activities from Penthorum chinense and the potential in cholesterol uptake by transcriptional regulation of LDLR via SREBP2.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Penthorum chinense has been used in East Asia for the treatment of cholecystitis, infectious hepatitis, jaundice and to treat liver problems. Recent evidences provided the potential for the clinical use of P. chinense in the treatment of metabolic disease.

Dilignans with a Chromanol Motif Discovered by Molecular Networking from the Stem Barks of and Their Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Expression Inhibitory Activity.

Natural products have been fundamental materials in drug discovery. Traditional strategies for observing natural products with novel structure and/or biological activity are challenging due to large cost and time consumption. Implementation of the MS/MS-based molecular networking strategy with the in silico annotation tool is expected to expedite the dereplication of secondary metabolites.

Selaginellin Derivatives from and Their Upregulating Effects on Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Expression.

Two new dimeric selaginellins, diselaginellins C and D ( and ), a new unusual derivative, selapiginellin A (), a new selaginpulvilin U (), and a known derivative, diselaginellin A (), were isolated from (P. Beauv.) Spring.

Robust Extrinsic Calibration of Multiple RGB-D Cameras with Body Tracking and Feature Matching.

RGB-D cameras have been commercialized, and many applications using them have been proposed. In this paper, we propose a robust registration method of multiple RGB-D cameras. We use a human body tracking system provided by Azure Kinect SDK to estimate a coarse global registration between cameras.

New compression method for full-complex holograms using the modified zerotree algorithm with the adaptive discrete wavelet transform.

In this paper, we propose a new method for coding a full complex hologram with random phase. Since holograms with random phase have very unique spatial and frequency characteristics, a new compression method suitable for such holograms is required. We analyze the frequency characteristics of holograms with random phases and propose a new adaptive discrete wavelet transform (aDWT).

Glucose Uptake-Stimulating Galloyl Ester Triterpenoids from .

Using molecular networking-guided isolation, three new galloyl ester triterpenoids (-), two new hexahydroxydiphenic acid-conjugated triterpenoids ( and ), and four known compounds (, , , and ) were isolated from the fruits and leaves of . The chemical structures of -, , and were elucidated on the basis of interpreting their NMR, HRESIMS, and ECD spectra. All compounds (-) were evaluated for their glucose uptake-stimulating activities in differentiated adipocytes using 2-deoxy-2-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]-d-glucose as a fluorescent-tagged glucose probe.

Development of Real-Time Hand Gesture Recognition for Tabletop Holographic Display Interaction Using Azure Kinect.

The use of human gesturing to interact with devices such as computers or smartphones has presented several problems. This form of interaction relies on gesture interaction technology such as Leap Motion from Leap Motion, Inc, which enables humans to use hand gestures to interact with a computer. The technology has excellent hand detection performance, and even allows simple games to be played using gestures.

Engineering Weyl Phases and Nonlinear Hall Effects in T_{d}-MoTe_{2}.

MoTe_{2} has recently attracted much attention due to the observation of pressure-induced superconductivity, exotic topological phase transitions, and nonlinear quantum effects. However, there has been debate on the intriguing structural phase transitions among various observed phases of MoTe_{2} and their connection to the underlying topological electronic properties. In this work, by means of density-functional theory calculations, we investigate the structural phase transition between the polar T_{d} and nonpolar 1T^{'} phases of MoTe_{2} in reference to a hypothetical high-symmetry T_{0} phase that exhibits higher-order topological features.

Robust A-Type Order and Spin-Flop Transition on the Surface of the Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi_{2}Te_{4}.

Here, we present microscopic evidence of the persistence of uniaxial A-type antiferromagnetic order to the surface layers of MnBi_{2}Te_{4} single crystals using magnetic force microscopy. Our results reveal termination-dependent magnetic contrast across both surface step edges and domain walls, which can be screened by thin layers of soft magnetism. The robust surface A-type order is further corroborated by the observation of termination-dependent surface spin-flop transitions, which have been theoretically proposed decades ago.

Combined MS/MS-NMR Annotation Guided Discovery of var. Seed as a Source of Viral Neuraminidase Inhibitory Polyphenols.

In this study, the chemical diversity of polyphenols in var seeds was identified by combined MS/MS-NMR analysis. Based on the annotated chemical profile, the isolation of stilbene oligomers was conducted, and consequently, stilbene oligomers (-) were characterized. Of these, compounds and are previously undescribed stilbene dimer glycoside () and tetramer glycoside (), respectively.

Isosamidin from Roots Prevents Methylglyoxal-Induced Glucotoxicity in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells via Suppression of ROS-Mediated Bax/Bcl-2.

Methylglyoxal (MGO) is a highly reactive metabolite of glucose. Elevated levels of MGO induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cause cell death in endothelial cells. Vascular endothelial cell damage by ROS has been implicated in the progression of diabetic vascular complications, cardiovascular diseases, and atherosclerosis.