Effects of Glycosylation of Different Oligosaccharides on Structure and Film-Forming Properties of Soy Protein Isolate.

In this study, the performance of soy protein isolate (SPI) films was improved by glycosylation modification to provide a sustainable alternative for food packaging. We systematically explored the effects of different oligosaccharides on the physicochemical properties of SPI films. The experimental results showed that glycosylation significantly enhanced the mechanical strength of the film, with the tensile strength increasing from 1.

Efficacy and safety of Cadonilimab plus anlotinib in small cell lung cancer with brain metastases.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency and safety of Cadonilimab and Anlotinib pairing in individuals diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and brain metastases (BMs).

Methods: A review was performed on individuals who were diagnosed with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and had central nervous system (CNS) metastases confirmed via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain.We assessed the treatment response of Cadonilimab plus Anlotinib using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.

CYP4F11, an NRF2 Target Gene, Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Growth.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of primary liver cancer, is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Current systemic therapies for HCC are limited and often exhibit unsatisfactory efficacy, underscoring the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2), a master transcription factor regulating cellular redox and metabolic homeostasis, is frequently overexpressed in HCC due to mutations in NFE2L2/NRF2 or its negative regulator Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1), contributing to tumor progression.

eNAMPT Is a Novel DAMP and Therapeutic Target in Human and Murine Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal disorder without curative therapies, underscoring the critical unmet need for identification of novel therapeutics. Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (eNAMPT) is a damage-associated molecular pattern protein (DAMP) and Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand that contributes to the severity of radiation-induced lung fibrosis and NASH-associated hepatic fibrosis. This study investigates eNAMPT as a druggable target in human and preclinical IPF utilizing the eNAMPT-neutralizing ALT-100 monoclonal antibody (mAb).

Effects of different saccharides glycosylation modified soy protein isolate on its structure and film-forming characteristics.

With the serious impact of traditional plastic packaging on the environment, the development of safe, environmentally friendly and degradable packaging materials has become a research hotspot. Glycosylation reaction has been explored by researchers because of its green, efficient and simple. In this study, the film-forming properties of soy protein isolate (SPI) were improved by glycosylation modification.

The Impact of Standardized Training Resident on Pain Management in Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Standardized Training Resident on pharmacological interventions for pain management in patients with advanced lung cancer. A total of 84 patients with advanced lung cancer and associated pain were enrolled in the study from December 2019 to August 2023 and were divided into two groups based on their attending physician: a group managed by physician-ST Training Physicians (joint group) (n = 42) and physician-only group (usual group) (n = 42). The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), oral morphine equivalent, and length of hospital stay.

Effect of low degree succinylation on properties of enzyme-induced casein hydrogel.

This study examines the impact of succinic anhydride (SA) modification (0-9 %) on the gel properties of casein. Upon succinylation, the surface hydrophobicity (H) of casein initially increased before decreasing, achieving its peak at a degree of succinylation of 5.22 ± 0.

A Review of Modified Gelatin: Physicochemical Properties, Modification Methods, and Applications in the Food Field.

Gelatin is a significant multifunctional biopolymer that is widely utilized as a component in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Numerous functional qualities are displayed by gelatin, such as its exceptional film-forming ability, gelling qualities, foaming and emulsifying qualities, biocompatibility and biodegradable qualities. Due to its unique structural, physicochemical, and biochemical characteristics, which enhance nutritional content and health benefits as well as the stability, consistency, and elasticity of food products, gelatin is utilized extensively in the food business.

Effect of glycosylation modification on structure and properties of soy protein isolate: A review.

Soybean protein isolate (SPI) is a highly functional protein source used in various food applications, such as emulsion, gelatin, and food packaging. However, its commercial application may be limited due to its poor mechanical properties, barrier properties, and high water sensitivity. Studies have shown that modifying SPI through glycosylation can enhance its functional properties and biological activities, resulting in better application performance.

Rapid Measurement of Antioxidant Properties of Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemometrics.

(), often used as a dual-use plant with herbal medicine and food applications, has attracted considerable attention for health-benefiting components and wide economic value. The antioxidant ability of is of great significance to ensure its health care value and safeguard consumers' interests. However, the common analytical methods for evaluating the antioxidant ability of are time-consuming, laborious, and costly.

Efficacy and safety of antibiotics for treatment of leptospirosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Leptospirosis, an important zoonotic bacterial disease, commonly affects resource-poor populations and results in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The value of antibiotics in leptospirosis remains unclear, as evidenced by the conflicting opinions published.

Methods: We conducted a search in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for studies.

Hammerhead-type FXR agonists induce an enhancer RNA that ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.

The nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR/NR1H4), is increasingly recognized as a promising drug target for metabolic diseases, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Protein-coding genes regulated by FXR are well known, but whether FXR also acts through regulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which vastly outnumber protein-coding genes, remains unknown. Utilizing RNA-seq and global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq) analyses in mouse liver, we found that FXR activation affects the expression of many RNA transcripts from chromatin regions bearing enhancer features.

Hammerhead-type FXR agonists induce an eRNA that ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.

The nuclear receptor, Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR/NR1H4), is increasingly recognized as a promising drug target for metabolic diseases, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Protein coding genes regulated by FXR are well known, but whether FXR also acts through regulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which vastly outnumber protein-coding genes, remains unknown. Utilizing RNA-seq and GRO-seq analyses in mouse liver, we found that FXR activation affects the expression of many RNA transcripts from chromatin regions bearing enhancer features.

The dark side of NRF2 in arsenic carcinogenesis.

Arsenic is an environmental toxicant that significantly enhances the risk of developing disease, including several cancers. While the epidemiological evidence supporting increased cancer risk due to chronic arsenic exposure is strong, therapies tailored to treat exposed populations are lacking. This can be accredited in large part to the chronic nature and pleiotropic pathological effects associated with prolonged arsenic exposure.

NRF2 controls iron homeostasis and ferroptosis through HERC2 and VAMP8.

Enhancing the intracellular labile iron pool (LIP) represents a powerful, yet untapped strategy for driving ferroptotic death of cancer cells. Here, we show that NRF2 maintains iron homeostasis by controlling HERC2 (E3 ubiquitin ligase for NCOA4 and FBXL5) and VAMP8 (mediates autophagosome-lysosome fusion). knockout cells have low expression, leading to a simultaneous increase in ferritin and NCOA4 and recruitment of apoferritin into the autophagosome.

Decreased autophagosome biogenesis, reduced NRF2, and enhanced ferroptotic cell death are underlying molecular mechanisms of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background And Aims: Caloric excess and sedentary lifestyles have led to an epidemic of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms underlying high fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD, and to explore NRF2 activation as a strategy to alleviate NAFLD.

Approach And Results: Herein, we demonstrated that high fat diet (HFD) induced lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis, both of which could be alleviated by NRF2 upregulation.

NRF2 and Diabetes: The Good, the Bad, and the Complex.

Despite decades of scientific effort, diabetes continues to represent an incredibly complex and difficult disease to treat. This is due in large part to the multifactorial nature of disease onset and progression and the multiple organ systems affected. An increasing body of scientific evidence indicates that a key mediator of diabetes progression is NRF2, a critical transcription factor that regulates redox, protein, and metabolic homeostasis.

Brd4 modulates diet-induced obesity via PPARγ-dependent Gdf3 expression in adipose tissue macrophages.

Macrophage-mediated inflammatory response has been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity and insulin resistance. Brd4 has emerged as a key regulator in the innate immune response. However, the role of Brd4 in obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistance remains uncharacterized.

BRD4 inhibition and FXR activation, individually beneficial in cholestasis, are antagonistic in combination.

Activation of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) by obeticholic acid (OCA) reduces hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), a life-threatening cholestatic liver failure. Inhibition of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) also has antiinflammatory, antifibrotic effects in mice. We determined the role of BRD4 in FXR function in bile acid (BA) regulation and examined whether the known beneficial effects of OCA are enhanced by inhibiting BRD4 in cholestatic mice.

MiR-455-5p Attenuates Cerebral Ischemic Reperfusion Injury by Targeting FLT3.

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a terrible disease which results in the dysfunction and structural damage of brain tissues. Growing evidence implies that miR-455-5p is implicated in the regulation of pathogenesis of several diseases. The aim of this study is to reveal the role of miR-455-5p in cerebral I/R injury and the regulatory mechanism.

Phosphorylation of hepatic farnesoid X receptor by FGF19 signaling-activated Src maintains cholesterol levels and protects from atherosclerosis.

The bile acid (BA) nuclear receptor, farnesoid X receptor (FXR/NR1H4), maintains metabolic homeostasis by transcriptional control of numerous genes, including an intestinal hormone, fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF19; FGF15 in mice). Besides activation by BAs, the gene-regulatory function of FXR is also modulated by hormone or nutrient signaling-induced post-translational modifications. Recently, phosphorylation at Tyr-67 by the FGF15/19 signaling-activated nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Src was shown to be important for FXR function in BA homeostasis.

Therapeutic effect of intensive glycemic control therapy in patients with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Hyperglycemia is associated with dismal outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), which is frequently treated with insulin therapy. In this study, a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed to assess the safety and efficacy of intensive glycemic control (IGC) versus conventional glycemic control (CGC) for patients following TBI.

Methods: Databases, including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochran database, were retrieved up to January 2018.

T63 inhibits osteoclast differentiation through regulating MAPKs and Akt signaling pathways.

Inhibition of excessive osteoclast differentiation and activity is a valid approach for the treatment of osteoporosis. T63 is a small-molecule compound identified from a high throughput screening based on RUNX2 transcriptional activity, and has been reported to stimulate osteoblast formation. However, whether the compound has any effect on osteoclast differentiation remains unknown.

Molecular cloning and expression study on Toll-like receptor 5M in turbot, Scophthalmus maximus.

Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) is responsible for the recognition of bacterial flagellin in mammals and play an important role in innate immunity. In the present study, a TLR5M gene was cloned from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, and its immune responsive expression was subsequently studied in vivo. The Scophthalmus maximus (Sm)TLR5M gene is 4268 bp in length, consists of four exons and three introns and encodes a peptide of 892 amino acids (aa).