Establishment and characterization of a gill cell line from turbot (Scophthalmus maximus).

Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) is a main breeding marine fish species in northern China, but its aquaculture industry is seriously threatened by bacterial diseases. The turbot cell line will provide effective tools for the study of turbot immunity and basic biology. In this study, a continuous passaged Scophthalmus maximus gill (SMG) cell line was established through primary culture and subculture, and the optimal culture conditions were determined.

Continuity of Mitochondrial Budding: Insights from BS-C-1 Cells by In Situ Cryo-electron Tomography.

Mitochondrial division is a fundamental biological process essensial for cellular functionality and vitality. The prevailing hypothesis that dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1) provides principal control in mitochondrial division, in which it also involves the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the cytoskeleton, does not account for all the observations. Therefore.

Multi-organ transcriptomic profiles and gene-regulation network underlying vibriosis resistance in tongue sole.

Vibrio spp. are major pathogens responsible for mortality and disease in various marine aquaculture organisms. Effective disease control and genetic breeding strategies rely heavily on understanding host vibriosis resistance mechanisms.

Promiscuous G-protein activation by the calcium-sensing receptor.

The human calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) detects fluctuations in the extracellular Ca concentration and maintains Ca homeostasis. It also mediates diverse cellular processes not associated with Ca balance. The functional pleiotropy of CaSR arises in part from its ability to signal through several G-protein subtypes.

The extracellular vesicle proteomes of Sorghum bicolor and Arabidopsis thaliana are partially conserved.

Plant extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound organelles involved mainly in intercellular communications and defense responses against pathogens. Recent studies have demonstrated the presence of proteins, nucleic acids including small RNAs, and lipids along with other metabolites in plant EVs. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of EVs from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor).

Bmp4 in Zebrafish Enhances Antiviral Innate Immunity through p38 MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases) Pathway.

Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of structurally and functionally related signaling molecules that comprise a subfamily, belonging to the TGF-β superfamily. Most BMPs play roles in the regulation of embryonic development, stem cell differentiation, tumor growth and some cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Although evidence is emerging for the antiviral immunity of a few BMPs, more BMPs are needed to determine whether this function is universal.

Establishment and identification of a skin cell line from Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) and analysis of the changes in its transcriptome upon LPS stimulation.

The Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) holds significant economic importance within the fishing industry along the eastern coasts of China. In recent years, the frequent outbreaks of bacterial diseases have become a common concern as the aquaculture scale expands. The majority of the diseased fish exhibit symptoms such as skin congestion, damage and skin ulceration.

Expression analysis of TRAF2‑ and NCK‑interacting protein kinase (TNIK) and phosphorylated TNIK in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of TRAF2- and NCK-interacting kinase (TNIK) and the levels of the active form of TNIK, phosphorylated (p)-TNIK, in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and to identify and compare the levels of TNIK and p-TNIK among PTC, benign thyroid tumors and normal tissues. The levels of TNIK and p-TNIK were examined by reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q)PCR and immunohistochemical analysis (IHC) in PTC, benign thyroid tumors and normal tissues, and their association with clinicopathological features was evaluated. First, analysis of the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis and The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets suggested that the mRNA expression of TNIK was markedly increased in PTC tissues compared with that in normal tissues.

RESPIRATORY VARIABILITY OF VALVULAR PEAK SYSTOLIC VELOCITY AS A NEW INDICATOR OF FLUID RESPONSIVENESS IN PATIENTS WITH SEPTIC SHOCK.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability and feasibility of pulse Doppler measurements of peak velocity respiratory variability of mitral and tricuspid valve rings during systole as new dynamic indicators of fluid responsiveness in patients with septic shock. Methods: Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed to measure the respiratory variability of aortic velocity-time integral (∆VTI), respiratory variability of tricuspid annulus systolic peak velocity (∆RVS), respiratory variability of mitral annulus systolic peak velocity (∆LVS), and other related indicators. Fluid responsiveness was defined as a 10% increase in cardiac output after fluid expansion, assessed by TTE.

Identification and functional analysis of histone 1.2-like in red sea bream (Pagrus major).

Histone H1 acts as an essential chromatin component and participates in the formation of higher chromatin structures together with core histones. In addition, H1 also has important functions in physiological processes such as gene expression regulation, DNA repair, and the immune response. In this study, the histone homologous protein Pm-H1.

Transcriptome analysis of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) head kidney and liver reveals immune mechanism in response to Vibrio anguillarum infection.

The diseases triggered by Vibrio anguillarum infection have created huge economic losses to the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) farming industry. However, the immune mechanism of turbot to V. anguillarum infection has not been deeply investigated.

Improvement of Lithium Storage Performance of Silica Anode by Using Ketjen Black as Functional Conductive Agent.

In this paper, SiO aerogels were prepared by a sol-gel method. Using Ketjen Black (KB), Super P (SP) and Acetylene Black (AB) as a conductive agent, respectively, the effects of the structure and morphology of the three conductive agents on the electrochemical performance of SiO gel anode were systematically investigated and compared. The results show that KB provides far better cycling and rate performance than SP and AB for SiO anode electrodes, with a reversible specific capacity of 351.

Hybrid Structures of Sisal Fiber Derived Interconnected Carbon Nanosheets/MoS/Polyaniline as Advanced Electrode Materials in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

In this work, we designed and successfully synthesized an interconnected carbon nanosheet/MoS/polyaniline hybrid (ICN/MoS/PANI) by combining the hydrothermal method and in situ chemical oxidative polymerization. The as-synthesized ICNs/MoS/PANI hybrid showed a "caramel treat-like" architecture in which the sisal fiber derived ICNs were used as hosts to grow "follower-like" MoS nanostructures, and the PANI film was controllably grown on the surface of ICNs and MoS. As a LIBs anode material, the ICN/MoS/PANI electrode possesses excellent cycling performance, superior rate capability, and high reversible capacity.

Spatial variations in trophic-functional patterns of periphytic ciliates and indications to water quality in coastal waters of the Yellow Sea.

To evaluate the water quality status using ecological features of the periphytic ciliate communities, a 1-year (Jan. to Dec., 2016) investigation was conducted in coastal waters of the Yellow Sea, northern China.

Molecular cloning and expression study on Toll-like receptor 5M in turbot, Scophthalmus maximus.

Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) is responsible for the recognition of bacterial flagellin in mammals and play an important role in innate immunity. In the present study, a TLR5M gene was cloned from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, and its immune responsive expression was subsequently studied in vivo. The Scophthalmus maximus (Sm)TLR5M gene is 4268 bp in length, consists of four exons and three introns and encodes a peptide of 892 amino acids (aa).

Cloning and expression study of an IRF4a gene and its two transcript variants in turbot, Scophthalmus maximus.

Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) is known to be involved in antiviral response as well as regulation of functional and developmental processes in lymphomyeloid cell lineages in mammals. In this study, the gene of IRF4a and its two transcript variants (named IRF4a1 and -2) were cloned from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, the tissue distributions and in vivo immune responsive expression patterns of the two transcripts were subsequently examined. The Scophthalmus maximus (Sm)IRF4a gene is 8367 nucleotide (nt) in length, consisting of eight exons and seven introns.

Cloning and expression analysis of a Toll-like receptor 21 (TLR21) gene from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus.

Toll-like receptor 21 (TLR21) is a non-mammalian TLR recognizing unmethylated CpG DNA and considered as a functional homolog of mammalian TLR9. In the present study, a TLR21 gene was cloned from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, its immune responsive expression was subsequently studied in vivo. The turbot (Sm)TLR21 gene is an intronless gene with a length of 3527 bp and encodes a peptide of 984 amino acids.

Cloning and expression study of a Toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) gene from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus.

Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in mammals is a member of the ancient Toll-like family of receptors that predominantly recognizes conserved components of Gram-positive bacteria. In the present study, a tlr2 gene and its 5'-flanking sequence were cloned from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, its responsive expressions to various immunostimulants were subsequently studied in vivo. The turbot (sm)tlr2 gene spans over 9.

Interferon regulatory factor 4b (IRF4b) in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus: Sequencing, ubiquitous tissue distribution and inducible expression by poly(I:C) and DNA virus.

Interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4) in mammals is known to be critical in regulation of development and functions of lymphomyeloid cell lineages. Recent studies have demonstrated its involvement in immune responses to bacterial and viral challenges in teleosts. In this study, an IRF4 gene was cloned from Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and its expression in response to polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] and lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) stimulations was studied in vivo.

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) in turbot, Scophthalmus maximus.

The interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is strongly induced in many cell types by double-stranded RNA (polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid, poly I:C) and viral infection. In this study, we described the nucleotide, mRNA tissue distribution and regulation of an ISG15 gene from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (SmISG15). SmISG15 gene is 862 bp in length, composed of two exons and one intron, and encodes 158 amino acids.

Molecular cloning and expression studies of the adapter molecule myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus).

Myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) is an adapter protein involved in the interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) and Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB). In this study, a full length cDNA of MyD88 was cloned from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus. It is 1619 bp in length and contains an 858-bp open reading frame that encodes a peptide of 285 amino acid residues.

Cloning and expression analysis of a Toll-like receptor 22 (tlr22) gene from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus.

Toll-like receptor 22 (TLR22) exists exclusively in aquatic animals and recognizes double stranded RNA (dsRNA). In the present study, a tlr22 gene and its 5'-flanking sequence were cloned from turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, its immune responsive expression was subsequently studied in vivo. The turbot (sm)tlr22 gene spans over 5.

Whole cell cryo-electron tomography suggests mitochondria divide by budding.

Eukaryotes rely on mitochondrial division to guarantee that each new generation of cells acquires an adequate number of mitochondria. Mitochondrial division has long been thought to occur by binary fission and, more recently, evidence has supported the idea that binary fission is mediated by dynamin-related protein (Drp1) and the endoplasmic reticulum. However, studies to date have depended on fluorescence microscopy and conventional electron microscopy.

Molecular cloning and characterization of interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) in Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus.

Interferon regulatory factor 9 (IRF9) in mammals is known to be involved in antiviral response. In this study, we studied the structure, mRNA tissue distribution and regulation of IRF9 from Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. The cDNA sequence of IRF9 is 3305 bp long, containing an open reading frame (ORF) of 1308 bp that encodes a peptide of 435 amino acids.

Infrequent ERBB2 mutations in Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

ERBB2 mutations have been reported to occur in a subset of patients with lung adenocarcinomas or lung squamous cell carcinomas for some ethnicities, but it is unclear for Chinese patients with lung squamous cell carcinomas up to now. We retrospectively evaluated the status of ERBB2 mutations in a large cross-sectional cohort of 212 Chinese patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) diagnosed in several hospitals from southern China during a time period of 1.5 years by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based direct sequencing and PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis.