Association of cardiovascular disease with dementia: A longitudinal analysis using National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center data.

We analyzed how cardiovascular disease subtypes influence the prevalence and incidence of dementia among 30,582 individuals aged 50 and older in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center cohort. We calculated prevalence ratios (aPR) and hazard ratios (aHR), using models adjusted for age, sex, race, years of education, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. Stroke (aPR: 1.

Daily Movement Activities Are Associated With Within-Person Instability of Cognitive Function in Older Adults: Evidence From an Ambulatory Assessment Study.

Background And Objectives: Physical inactivity and excessive sedentary time (ST) are associated with poor cognitive health in older adults. However, current literature largely relies on cross-sectional designs or in-lab cognitive assessments, which do not adequately reflect cognitive function in naturalistic settings. Further, existing studies have largely overlooked the variability or the instability in daily cognitive function, which represents a critical marker of cognitive decline.

[Characterization of Microplastic Removal Rate Variation in the Whole Process of Urban Wastewater Plant with Conventional Oxidation Ditch Process].

Wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） are considered to be the major source of microplastics entering natural water bodies， and research on microplastics in developing countries is still in its infancy. Taking Handan， a typical city in northern China， as the object， the characteristics of the removal rate of microplastics in the whole process of the first phase of a sewage treatment plant and the expansion project were studied. The results showed that： ① The shape of the wastewater microplastics was mainly fibrous microplastics， and the size of the wastewater microplastics was less than 0.

Associations Between Prostate Cancer and Dementia: A Nationwide Study in Sweden.

Background And Objective: Prostate cancer (PC) and dementia may commonly co-occur; yet, prior evidence for bidirectional associations is inconsistent. This study aims to determine the associations between PC and dementia in large population-based studies, which may further inform clinical care.

Methods: To assess the dementia risk in men with PC, a national cohort study was conducted in 178 746 men diagnosed with PC in 1998-2017 and 1 787 460 age-matched control men in Sweden without prior dementia.

Incident Hearing Loss and Subsequent Risk of Dementia: The Health and Retirement Study 2010-2018.

Background and ObjectivesWhile hearing loss is a known risk factor for dementia, the impact of incident hearing loss on subsequent dementia risk remains underexplored. This study examined the association between newly reported hearing loss and dementia risk in U.S.

Walking Interventions and Cognitive Health in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

ObjectiveThis systematic review summarizes the effectiveness and the dose of walking interventions on specific cognition domains in older adults, including executive function, memory, attention, processing speed, and global cognition.Data sourcePublished randomized controlled trials in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science until 10 May 2023.Study Inclusion and Exclusion CriteriaStudies include older adults without Alzheimer's or related dementias, involving a walking intervention and performance-based neuropsychological assessments for executive function, memory, processing speed, attention, or global cognition.

Statin Use and Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Chinese Population: A Target Trial Emulation Study.

Background And Objectives: Statins have been shown to prevent major vascular events in a wide range of individuals. However, their potential mechanisms-such as impairing fibrinogen cleavage and reducing thrombin generation-raise concerns on increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Given the inconsistent findings of previous trials and observational studies, this study aims to assess the effect of statins on ICH risk in Chinese population.

Cancer Survivorship and Subjective Cognitive Decline in the United States.

Purpose: Studies examining the link between cancer survivorship and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) are lacking. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the association between cancer survivorship and SCD among a nationally representative sample of middle-aged and older adults.

Method: Data were obtained from the 2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey.

Empathy and Psychological Outcomes in Informal Caregivers of Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: Scholars have increasingly recognized the crucial role that empathy plays as informal caregivers provide unpaid care to their older family and friends (i.e., care recipients).

Trends in modifiable risk factors for dementia among midlife adults in the United States: The National Health and nutrition examination survey 1999-2018.

Objective: Dementia has a large public health burden, and modifiable risk factors, particularly in midlife, may provide an opportunity for early prevention. We aimed to examine trends in age-adjusted prevalence of modifiable risk factors for dementia and the number of modifiable risk factors among midlife adults from 1999 to 2018.

Methods: A total of 14,851 participants aged 40 to 64 years without a history of cardiovascular disease in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2018 were included in the analysis.

Initiation of Hearing Aids Use and Incident Dementia Among Mid-to-late Life Adults: The Health and Retirement Study 2010-2018.

Background and ObjectivesHearing aids may reduce the risk of dementia among individuals with hearing loss. However, no evidence is available from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness of hearing aids use in reducing incident dementia. Using target trial emulation, we leveraged an existing longitudinal cohort study to estimate the association between hearing aids initiation and risk of dementia.

Exploring the association between daily distributional patterns of physical activity and cardiovascular mortality risk among older adults in NHANES 2003-2006.

Purpose: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Physical activity (PA) has previously been shown to be a prominent risk factor for CVD mortality. Traditionally, measurements of PA have been self-reported and based on various summary metrics.

The Associations of Sensory Impairment With 10-Year Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: The Health and Retirement Study, 2010-2020.

Background: Studies have examined the association between dual sensory impairment and late-life cognitive outcomes in the U.S with inconsistent findings.

Objective: To examine the associations between sensory impairment and 10-year risk of dementia or Alzheimer's disease among U.

Physical activity initiated from midlife on risk of dementia and cognitive impairment: The Health and Retirement Study.

Background: Physical activity is associated with lower risk of dementia and cognitive impairment, but existing randomized controlled trials have shown conflicting results. As cognitive decline occurs decades before the onset of dementia, physical activity interventions initiated in late life may have missed the potential window for prevention. An ideal trial of physical activity initiated from midlife and lasts till incident dementia and cognitive impairment in late life is not feasible.

Modifiable and Non-Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia Among Non-Hispanic White and Black Populations Aged 50-64 in the United States, 2006-2016.

Background And Objectives: Non-Hispanic Black populations (NHB) have a significantly higher prevalence of dementia than non-Hispanic Whites in the U.S., and the underlying risk factors may play a role in this racial disparity.

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and depressive symptoms among adults with low family income in the U.S.: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018.

Background: The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) has been established to reduce food insecurity. Limited evidence is available on SNAP participation status over time and depressive symptoms. We aimed to examine the associations of SNAP status over time among low-income individuals, with depressive symptoms in the U.

Implementation and evaluation of a community-based mindful walking randomized controlled trial to sustain cognitive health in older African Americans at risk for dementia.

Background: With an increasing proportion of older adults and the associated risk of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) around the globe, there is an urgent need to engage in ADRD risk reduction efforts. African American (AA) older adults in the U.S.

The Association Between Type of Insurance Plan, Out-of-Pocket Cost, and Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications in Medicare Supplement Insurance Enrollees.

Background: Medicare supplement insurance, or Medigap, covers 21% of Medicare beneficiaries. Despite offsetting some out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses, remaining OOP costs may pose a barrier to medication adherence. This study aims to evaluate how OOP costs and insurance plan types influence medication adherence among beneficiaries covered by Medicare supplement plans.

Identifying a group of factors predicting cognitive impairment among older adults.

Background: Cognitive impairment has multiple risk factors spanning several domains, but few studies have evaluated risk factor clusters. We aimed to identify naturally occurring clusters of risk factors of poor cognition among middle-aged and older adults and evaluate associations between measures of cognition and these risk factor clusters.

Methods: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (training dataset, n = 4074) and the NHANES 2011-2014 (validation dataset, n = 2510).

Serum soluble alpha-klotho klotho and cognitive functioning in older adults aged 60 and 79: an analysis of cross-sectional data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2014.

Objectives: Klotho, consisting of membrane klotho and soluble alpha-klotho, is found to be associated with better cognitive outcomes in small samples of the aged population. We aimed to examine the association of serum soluble alpha-klotho with cognitive functioning among older adults using a nationally representative sample of U.S.

Longitudinal Associations of Diet, Food Insecurity, and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Use with Global Cognitive Performance in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Background: Diet quality, food access, and food assistance policies may be key modifiable factors related to cognitive decline.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate whether diet quality, food insecurity, and Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) use are associated with longitudinal changes in cognition among older adults in the United States.

Methods: Food intake data from the Health Care and Nutrition Study were linked with longitudinal health information from 5 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (2012-2020).

Central arterial stiffening and intracranial atherosclerosis: the atherosclerosis risk in communities neurocognitive study (ARIC-NCS): Aortic stiffness & intracranial atherosclerosis.

Objectives: Previous studies suggest an association between central arterial stiffness (CAS) and intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) among Asian participants with stroke or hypertension; this association has not been evaluated in United States populations. We assessed the cross-sectional association of CAS with ICAD presence and burden in late-life, and differences in association by age, sex, and race.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1,285 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants [mean age 75 (standard deviation: 5) years, 38 % male, 20  % Black] at Visit 5 (2011-2013).