Effectiveness and Safety of Anlotinib-Related Therapeutic Regimens in Patients with Previously Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Treated Advanced NSCLC: A Real-World Exploratory Study.

Objective: This study aimed to identify the effectiveness and safety of anlotinib-related therapeutic regimens in patients with previously immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-treated advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: A total of 107 patients with previously ICIs-treated advanced NSCLC who received anlotinib-related regimens or single-agent chemotherapy in clinical practice were included in this study retrospectively. The anlotinib group (AG) included 54 patients who received anlotinib-related regimens, and the chemotherapy group (CG) consisted of 53 patients who received single-agent chemotherapy.

Current Status and Advances in Anti-Androgen Therapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

The heterogeneity of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has spurred the exploration of precision therapies based on molecular subtypes, with the androgen receptor (AR)-positive subtype emerging as a potential therapeutic target. The treatment of AR-positive TNBC relies primarily on androgen receptor antagonists, such as enobosarm, bicalutamide, and enzalutamide. To enhance efficacy, researchers are investigating combination therapies that integrate anti-androgen agents with chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or PARP inhibitors.

Metformin reduces the risk of frailty: evidence from a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic agent for obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus, providing significant health benefits such as reduced blood glucose levels and body weight. Emerging evidence suggests that metformin may play a beneficial role in delaying aging. However, the causal relationship between metformin use and frailty index (FI) remains uncertain and warrants further investigation.

Global trends in prevalence, disability adjusted life years, and risk factors for early onset dementia from 1990 to 2021.

This study aims to analyze temporal trends in the prevalence and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) burden of early-onset dementia (EOD) globally from 1990 to 2021 and assess the attributable burdens of modifiable risk factors. Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 were used. EOD was defined as dementia in individuals aged 40-64.

Interaction and overall effects of underweight, low muscle mass, malnutrition, and inflammation on early-onset mild cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: This study systematically explores the overall impact and interactions of body composition and nutritional inflammatory indices on early-onset mild cognitive impairment (EOMCI) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: A cross-sectional study included 816 T2DM patients. Body composition indices included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), visceral fat area (VFA), body fat percentage (BF%), and skeletal muscle mass index (SMMI).

The mediating role of body surface area-adjusted basal metabolic rate: effects of low muscle mass and central obesity on cognitive impairment in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: This study investigates the relationship between basal metabolic rate (BMR), body composition, obesity indices, and cognitive impairment (CI) in middle-aged and older type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, assessing their potential role in CI screening.

Methods: A cross-sectional study included 1243 T2DM patients over 45 years old. CI was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment.

Mediating role of triglyceride-glucose index and its derivatives in the relationship between central obesity and Hashimoto thyroiditis in type 2 diabetes.

Background: Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) may be risk factors for thyroid disease, but there is no clinical-based consensus on this topic. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the associations between the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) and its derivatives and Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, and explore the relationships between the central obesity indicators and HT risk to provide a reliable basis for the early prevention of HT.

Methods: A total of 1071 T2DM patients aged ≥ 20 years were selected from a tertiary hospital in Tianjin, all of them had normal thyroid function (including free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, total triiodothyronine, total thyroxine, and thyroid-stimulating hormone).

An integrative strategy used by the aphid Uroleucon formosanum to counter host sesquiterpene lactone defense: Insights from combined genomic and transcriptomic analysis.

Insect herbivores adapt and develop strategies to counteract plant chemical defenses. The aphid Uroleucon formosanum is a serious sap-sucking pest that infests lettuces containing toxic sesquiterpene lactones (STLs). Herein, we employed a combination of genome sequencing and RNA-seq transcriptome profiling to understand the mechanisms underlying phytotoxin tolerance in U.

Association of waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index with cognitive impairment in middle-aged and elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Numerous reports indicate that both obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are factors associated with cognitive impairment (CI). The objective was to assess the relationship between abdominal obesity as measured by waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (WHRadjBMI) and CI in middle-aged and elderly patients with T2DM.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, in which a total of 1154 patients with T2DM aged ≥ 40 years were included.

Clinical efficacy of Baijin pills in the treatment of generalized tonic-clonic seizure epilepsy with cognitive impairment.

Background: The generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS) is the most usual variety of epileptic seizure. It is mainly characterized by strong body muscle rigidity, loss of consciousness, a disorder of plant neurofunction, and significant damage to cognitive function. The effect of antiepileptic drugs on cognition should also be considered.

The impact of dietary acid load on super-agers with exceptional cognitive abilities: a propensity score analysis of national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) 2011-2014.

Objectives: 'Super-agers,' individuals over 80 with memory abilities comparable to those 20-30 years younger. The relationship between super-agers and dietary acid load (DAL) is an area that warrants further investigation. We aim to examine the link between DAL and super-agers and assess DAL's effects on cognitive functions across different age groups and cognitive domains.

Effect of Sarcopenia on 10-Year Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: To investigate the impact of sarcopenia on the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This study included the clinical, laboratory, and body composition data of 1491 patients with T2DM who were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism at Tianjin Union Medical Center from July 2018 to July 2023. The China-PAR model was utilized to evaluate cardiovascular disease risk.

Metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease-related diseases, cognition and dementia: A two-sample mendelian randomization study.

Background: The results of current studies on metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)-related diseases, cognition and dementia are inconsistent. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of MASLD-related diseases on cognition and dementia.

Methods: By using single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with different traits of NAFLD (chronically elevated serum alanine aminotransferase levels [cALT], imaging-accessed and biopsy-proven NAFLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, and liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, we employed three methods of mendelian randomization (MR) analysis (inverse-variance weighted [IVW], weighted median, and MR-Egger) to determine the causal relationships between MASLD-related diseases and cognition and dementia.

Risk factors for cognitive impairment in middle-aged type 2 diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate risk factors for cognitive impairment (CI) and explore the relationship between obesity and cognition in hospitalised middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: Subjects were divided into normal cognitive function (NCF) (n=320) and CI (n=204) groups based on the results of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The risk factors for CI were determined by logistic regression analysis and generalised linear modelling.

Relationships Between Body Composition and Cognitive Impairment in Hospitalised Middle-Aged Type 2 Diabetic Patients.

Objective: The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between specific body composition and the risk of Cognitive Impairment (CI) in middle-aged Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 504 hospitalized patients with T2DM from the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of the Tianjin Union Medical Center. Subjects were grouped by sex, and cognitive status was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

Effect and Mechanism of Sodium Butyrate on Neuronal Recovery and Prognosis in Diabetic Stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular lesion caused by local ischemia and hypoxia. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic inflammatory disease that disturbs immune homeostasis and predisposes patients to ischemic stroke. The mechanism by which DM exacerbates stroke remains unclear, although it may involve disturbances in immune homeostasis.

Comparison of lipid accumulation product and visceral adiposity index with traditional obesity indices in early-onset type 2 diabetes prediction: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy of two novel obesity indices, lipid accumulation product (LAP) and visceral adiposity index (VAI), with traditional obesity indices in predicting early-onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 744 participants, including 605 patients newly diagnosed with T2DM and 139 non-diabetic control subjects, were enrolled from a tertiary care hospital in Tianjin, China. Participants with T2DM were divided into two groups based on their age at diagnosis, namely early-onset T2DM (age less than 40 years, n = 154) and late-onset T2DM (age 40 years or older, n = 451).

Low-normal serum unconjugated bilirubin levels are associated with late but not early carotid atherosclerotic lesions in T2DM subjects.

Aims: We aimed to examine the association of serum unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) within normal limits with carotid atherosclerosis in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: This cross-sectional, real-world study was performed in 8,006 hospitalized T2DM patients including 4,153 men and 3,853 women with normal UCB. The subjects were stratified into quintiles based on serum UCB levels (<6.

Cytotoxic effects of extracts and isolated compounds from (forssk.) sch. bip against HepG-2 cancer cell line: Supported by ADMET analysis and molecular docking.

The purpose of this study was to determine the anticancer potential of () against HepG-2 cell line. To assess cytoxicity, brine shrimp lethality and MTT assays were performed. In the brine shrimp bioassay, the ethyl acetate fraction had a significant impact with an IC of 10 μg/ml.

Systemic immune inflammation index and system inflammation response index are potential biomarkers of atrial fibrillation among the patients presenting with ischemic stroke.

Background: Chronic inflammatory disorders in atrial fibrillation (AF) contribute to the onset of ischemic stroke. Systemic immune inflammation index (SIII) and system inflammation response index (SIRI) are the two novel and convenient measurements that are positively associated with body inflammation. However, little is known regarding the association between SIII/SIRI with the presence of AF among the patients with ischemic stroke.

[Study on Impedance of Implantable Cardiac Pacemaker in Unipolar/Bipolar Pacing Mode by Experiment].

The unipolar/bipolar pacing mode of pacemaker is related to its circuit impedance, which affects the battery life. In this study, the experiment scheme of pacemaker circuit impedance test was constructed. The human blood environment was simulated by NaCl solution, and the experimental environment temperature was controlled by water bath.

Identification of novel and potential PPARγ stimulators as repurposed drugs for MCAO associated brain degeneration.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) has been shown to have therapeutic promise in the treatment of ischemic stroke and is supported by several studies. To identify possible PPARγ activators, the current study used an in silico technique in conjunction with molecular simulations and in vivo validation. FDA-approved drugs were evaluated using molecular docking to determine their affinity for PPARγ.

Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Obesity Combined With Abnormal Glucose Metabolism Further Increases Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Chinese Pregnant Women.

Aims: Our aim was to evaluate the separate and combined effects of maternal pre-pregnancy obesity and gestational abnormal glucose metabolism (GAGM) on adverse perinatal outcomes.

Methods: A total of 2,796 Chinese pregnant women with singleton delivery were studied, including 257 women with pre-pregnancy obesity alone, 604 with GAGM alone, 190 with both two conditions, and 1,745 with neither pre-pregnancy obesity nor GAGM as control group. The prevalence and risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared among the four groups.

Serum free triiodothyronine is inversely associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy but not with carotid atherosclerotic lesions in euthyroid patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The associations between serum free triiodothyronine (FT3) and diabetic peripheral neuropatprohy (DPN)/carotid atherosclerotic lesions in euthyroid patients with type 2 diabetes are still unclear. The purpose of our study was to explore the relations of FT3 to DPN and carotid atherosclerotic lesions in Chinese type 2 diabetes inpatients with euthyroid function.

Methods: 2477 euthyroid inpatients with type 2 diabetes were recruited and they were stratified into quartiles by FT3 levels in this cross-sectional study.