Impact of Antiviral Therapy in Cytomegalovirus-Positive Anterior Uveitis: Recurrence Risk and Corneal Endothelial Cell Protection.

Purpose: To evaluate the risk of recurrence of anterior uveitis (AU) with positive polymerase chain reaction results for cytomegalovirus (CMV)-AU before and after initiation of antiviral therapy and compare the efficacy and safety of 2 treatment strategies: (1) initial oral valganciclovir followed by topical 0.15% ganciclovir and (2) continuous topical 2% ganciclovir.

Design: Retrospective cohort study from a tertiary ophthalmic center and a uveitis-specialized private clinic.

Corneal hysteresis as a biomarker in glaucoma development among patients with myopia: a prospective study based on the UK Biobank.

Background/aims: We investigated the impact of potential risk factors on the development of incident glaucoma in individuals with myopia.

Methods: This prospective cohort study investigated participants aged 40-69 years from the UK Biobank. Participants were classified based on the degree of myopia: non-myopic (spherical equivalent (SE)≤-0.

Liver X Receptor-Growth Differentiation Factor 15 Activation Drives Profibrotic Changes in the Aqueous Outflow Tract of Uveitic Glaucoma.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced anterior uveitis is linked to increased intraocular pressure, suggesting profibrotic changes in the eye's drainage system. Previous studies on the aqueous humor (AH) of patients with CMV uveitic glaucoma (UG) highlighted the activation of the liver X receptor (LXR) pathway, yet a potential that it has a role in increased intraocular pressure remained unelucidated. Herein, the LXR pathway's role in AH outflow in UG was explored.

Physiological activation of liver X receptor provides protection against ocular inflammation in uveitic glaucoma.

Virus-induced trabeculitis is considered a significant cause of uveitic glaucoma, being marked by a sudden increase in intraocular pressure and relatively mild inflammation in the anterior chamber of the eye. In previous proteome analyses of aqueous humor (AH) derived from Cytomegalovirus (CMV) uveitic glaucoma patients, we observed the liver X receptor (LXR) pathway to be among the most prominently activated canonical pathways. In the present study, we explored the role of the LXR pathway in the etiology of glaucoma in association with ocular inflammation.

Revisiting the diagnostic performance of exosomes: harnessing the feasibility of combinatorial exosomal miRNA profiles for colorectal cancer diagnosis.

The challenges associated with liquid biopsy of colorectal cancer (CRC) are closely linked to the substantial variations observed in gene expression profiles among patients. This variability complicates the selection of an ideal biomarker for accurate diagnosis. In this report, we propose that employing a combination of miRNAs offers a better change for enhancing the accuracy of CRC diagnosis compared to solely relying on single miRNAs.

Risk Factors for Disease Progression in Glaucoma Patients With Disk Hemorrhage.

Prcis: Glaucoma eyes with recurrent disk hemorrhage were associated with increased systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, and increased visit-to-visit diastolic blood pressure variability was associated with glaucoma progression.

Purpose: In this study, we investigated the effects of the clinical characteristics of disk hemorrhage (DH) and hemodynamic factors on glaucoma progression.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 81 eyes with open angle glaucoma and nonrecurrent or recurrent DH.

The impact of lifestyle on cardiovascular risk in patients with gout: a population-based cohort study.

Aims: Gout is associated with a significant burden of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a favourable lifestyle on incident cardiovascular events in patients with gout.

Methods: We identified 9 110 patients with gout from the UK Biobank cohort based on self-report and/or hospital diagnostic codes.

Polygenic risk score-based phenome-wide association for glaucoma and its impact on disease susceptibility in two large biobanks.

Background: Glaucoma is a leading cause of worldwide irreversible blindness. Considerable uncertainty remains regarding the association between a variety of phenotypes and the genetic risk of glaucoma, as well as the impact they exert on the glaucoma development.

Methods: We investigated the associations of genetic liability for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) with a wide range of potential risk factors and to assess its impact on the risk of incident glaucoma.

Association Between High Blood Folate Levels and Glaucoma in a Representative Korean Population.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between folate levels and the prevalence of glaucoma.

Methods: This nationwide population-based cross-sectional study included 1790 participants aged ≥40 years. We analyzed data regarding the participants obtained in the 2016-2018 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Clinical Signs of Kawasaki Disease from the Perspective of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Recruiting Erythrocytes: A Literature Review.

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis affecting children younger than 5 years of age. Early period in life is marked by rapid somatic growth with cell proliferation and immaturity of the immunity with dominant innate immune system. Coronary complications in KD are the most common acquired heart disease in children, yet the diagnosis of KD still depends on the clinical diagnostic criteria.

Association of glaucoma and lifestyle with incident cardiovascular disease: a longitudinal prospective study from UK Biobank.

The shared pathophysiological features of the cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and glaucoma suggest an association between the two diseases. Using the prospective UK Biobank cohort, we examined the associations between glaucoma and incident CVD and assessed the extent to which a healthy lifestyle reduced the CVD risk in subjects with glaucoma, using a scoring system consisting of four factors: current smoking, obesity, regular physical activity, and a healthy diet. During a mean follow-up time of 8.

Association between atrial fibrillation and the risk of glaucoma development: a 12-year Nationwide cohort study.

Objective: To investigate the risk of glaucoma development in patients with atrial fibrillation (A-fib) using Korean National Health Insurance Service data.

Methods: The present study used a National Sample Cohort consisting of approximately one million random subjects who were tracked from 2002 to 2013 (12 years). Newly diagnosed glaucoma and A-fib were included based on the Korean Classification of Disease codes.

Anti-inflammatory effect of glucagon-like Peptide-1 receptor agonist on the neurosensory retina in an acute optic nerve injury rat model.

Purpose: To explore the possibility of using glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) as a new treatment for neuroinflammation, by analyzing retinal pathological changes in an optic nerve crush rat model.

Methods: Eight-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into lixisenatide (LIX, n = 10), traumatic control (T-CON, n = 10), and normal control (n = 5) groups. The optic nerves of left eyes in the LIX and T-CON groups were crushed in a standardized manner.

Increased Complement-Associated Inflammation in Cytomegalovirus-Positive Hypertensive Anterior Uveitis Patients Based on the Aqueous Humor Proteomics Analysis.

Herpetic anterior uveitis-associated ocular inflammation is commonly manifested with ocular hypertension and glaucoma. Relative to other viruses, cytomegalovirus (CMV) positive hypertensive anterior uveitis is associated with high recurrences of uveitis, as well as with uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) and a subsequent higher requirement for future glaucoma surgery. To gain novel insights into the pathogenesis of ocular hypertension in these patients, we investigated the proteome changes of the aqueous humor (AH) derived from the CMV hypertensive anterior uveitis (CMV-HAU; = 10) patients and non-glaucoma (cataract; = 10) patients using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

Ocular Dominance in Open-angle Glaucoma: The Shifting Trend Depending on Stage of the Disease.

Purpose: To investigate the characteristics and distribution of ocular dominance in primary open-angle glaucoma eyes. In addition, we tried to catch any trend of ocular dominance according to the stage of disease.

Methods: Two hundred participants with bilateral open-angle glaucoma underwent ocular dominant testing by "the hole-ina-card" test.

Role of vasorin, an anti-apoptotic, anti-TGF-β and hypoxia-induced glycoprotein in the trabecular meshwork cells and glaucoma.

Glaucoma, one of the leading causes of irreversible blindness, is commonly associated with elevated intraocular pressure due to impaired aqueous humour (AH) drainage through the trabecular meshwork. The aetiological mechanisms contributing to impaired AH outflow, however, are poorly understood. Here, we identified the secreted form of vasorin, a transmembrane glycoprotein, as a common constituent of human AH by mass spectrometry and immunoblotting analysis.

Structure-Function Relationship and Vision-Related Quality of Life in Glaucoma Secondary to Anterior Uveitis: Comparison with Open Angle Glaucoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the structure-function characteristics and vision-related quality of life (VR-QoL) in uveitic glaucoma (UG) compared with open-angle glaucoma (OAG).

Method: The study included 69 patients with UG and 138 patients with primary open angle glaucoma, normal-tension glaucoma. A 25-item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (VFQ-25) was used to evaluate the patients' VR-QoL.

Cytokine profile and cytoskeletal changes after herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in human trabecular meshwork cells.

Uveitis caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV)-1 is characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) in the presence of anterior chamber inflammation. Despite their clinical significance, the pathogenic changes associated with HSV-1 infection in trabecular meshwork (TM) cells, the key cell type regulating IOP, have not been completely elucidated. In this study, cytokine array analyses showed a significant stepwise increase in monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 expression upon HSV-1 infection in TM cells (p < 0.

The Enhanced Inhibitory Effect of Estrogen on PD-L1 Expression Following Nrf2 Deficiency in the AOM/DSS Model of Colitis-Associated Cancer.

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a dual role in carcinogenesis. We previously reported that Nrf2 deficiency enhances the anti-tumorigenic effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model of colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Herein, we aimed to determine a possible explanation for our recent work and investigated the immune microenvironment represented by programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression.

Long-term prognosis for glaucoma in patients with Posner-Schlossman syndrome.

Background: The aim of this study is to investigate the long-term prognosis for glaucoma in patients with Posner-Schlossman syndrome (PSS).

Methods: In this retrospective case series study, a total of 98 patients with PSS from January 2014 to February 2019 were included in this study. Initial presentations and follow-up data were obtained from medical records.

Role of MCP-1 and IL-8 in viral anterior uveitis, and contractility and fibrogenic activity of trabecular meshwork cells.

The inflammatory chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and IL-8, are produced by normal trabecular meshwork cells (TM) and elevated in the aqueous humor of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and hypertensive anterior uveitis associated with viral infection. However, their role in TM cells and aqueous humor outflow remains unclear. Here, we explored the possible involvement of MCP-1 and IL-8 in the physiology of TM cells in the context of aqueous outflow, and the viral anterior uveitis.

Association Between Chronic Renal Disease and the Risk of Glaucoma Development: A 12-year Nationwide Cohort Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to present the results of our investigation into the risk of glaucoma development in patients with chronic renal disease (CRD).

Methods: The present retrospective cohort study used the Korean National Health Insurance Service data, which consisted of 1,025,340 random subjects who were tracked from 2002 to 2013. Newly diagnosed glaucoma and CRD were included on the basis of the Korean Classification of Disease codes.

Enhancing Personalized Ads Using Interest Category Classification of SNS Users Based on Deep Neural Networks.

The classification and recommendation system for identifying social networking site (SNS) users' interests plays a critical role in various industries, particularly advertising. Personalized advertisements help brands stand out from the clutter of online advertisements while enhancing relevance to consumers to generate favorable responses. Although most user interest classification studies have focused on textual data, the combined analysis of images and texts on user-generated posts can more precisely predict a consumer's interests.