Gut microbiota composition and dietary interventions modulate abdominal fat deposition in poultry: Mechanisms and applications.

Excessive abdominal fat deposition (AFD) in poultry reduces meat yield and efficiency. The gut microbiota regulates AFD through shifts in microbial composition and the production of metabolites. Reduced microbial diversity and fat-promoting taxa (e.

Identification of Novel Genetic Loci Involved in Testis Traits of the Jiangxi Local Breed Based on GWAS Analyses.

Background: The testis, a critical reproductive organ in male animals, is responsible for sperm production and androgen secretion. Testis weight often correlates with reproductive performance, yet the genetic factors influencing testicular traits in chickens remain unclear.

Methods: Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified key genes affecting testicular traits in Kangle Yellow chickens, along with the associated regulatory pathways and Gene Ontology (GO) terms, through bioinformatic analyses.

The landscape of RNA 5-methylcytosine modification during chicken embryonic myogenesis.

Skeletal muscle is a vital protein source for human diets, making its development a significant focus in poultry research. This study examines the effects of RNA 5-methylcytosine (m5C) modifications on chicken skeletal muscle development at two critical embryonic stages: before myoblast differentiation (E10) and after differentiation (E19). By employing MeRIP-seq, we analyzed the dynamic distribution of m5C modifications within the leg muscle transcriptome, uncovering notable differences in modification states between these two stages.

Influencing factors and quality traits of pigeon meat: A systematic review.

Pigeon meat is highly nutritious, offering medicinal benefits, and is often valued as a tonic due to its high protein and low-fat content. With advancements in breeding technology and evolving market demands, the quality and flavor characteristics of pigeon meat have become key areas of interest for researchers and consumers. In recent years, extensive research on pigeon meat quality traits, has been conducted both domestically and internationally, to enhance the production efficiency and product quality to meet market needs while also providing theoretical support and technical guidance for industry development.

MMP2 regulates proliferation and differentiation in chicken primary myoblasts, and RNA-seq screens for key genes.

The growth and development of chicken skeletal muscle directly affects chicken meat production, which is very important for broiler industry. Matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) exists in skeletal muscle. However, the underlying regulating of MMP2 remain unknown.

Serum metabolic profiles in quails: Effects of age, breed, and sex.

Over the past decade, metabolomic research in livestock and poultry has gained considerable momentum; however, quail metabolomics still lags behind that of livestock species such as chickens, pigs, and cattle. Quails are important models due to their low-cost protein sources-both eggs and meat-and practical benefits such as minimal space requirements, high egg production, disease resistance, and rapid reproduction. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically understand the effects of various factors on quail metabolism to provide a theoretical basis for accurate feeding and breeding practices.

SFMBT2 regulates plumage color via serum metabolites in Chinese Anyi tile-like gray chickens.

Plumage color is an important characteristic of chicken breeds, and molecular genetic research is significant for resource conservation and product quality control. Anyi tile-like gray chicken is a high-quality local chicken breed resource generated through long-term natural selection and artificial breeding in China. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying plumage color formation in Anyi tile-like gray chickens remain unclear.

UID-Dual Transcriptome Sequencing Analysis of the Molecular Interactions between and Mammary Epithelial Cells.

is a highly contagious Gram-positive bacterium that causes mastitis, has a high infectivity for mammary epithelial cells, and becomes challenging to treat. However, the molecular interactions between it and mammary epithelial cells remain poorly understood. This study analyzed differential gene expression in mammary epithelial cells with varying levels of infection using UID-Dual transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics tools.

Unraveling the Genetic Foundations of Broiler Meat Quality: Advancements in Research and Their Impact.

As societal progress elevates living standards, the focus on meat consumption has shifted from quantity to quality. In broiler production, optimizing meat quality has become paramount, prompting efforts to refine various meat attributes. Recent advancements in sequencing technologies have revealed the genome's complexity, surpassing previous conceptions.

Unlocking the Nexus of Sirtuins: A Comprehensive Review of Their Role in Skeletal Muscle Metabolism, Development, and Disorders.

The sirtuins constitute a group of histone deacetylases reliant on NAD for their activity that have gained recognition for their critical roles as regulators of numerous biological processes. These enzymes have various functions in skeletal muscle biology, including development, metabolism, and the body's response to disease. This comprehensive review seeks to clarify sirtuins' complex role in skeletal muscle metabolism, including glucose uptake, fatty acid oxidation, mitochondrial dynamics, autophagy regulation, and exercise adaptations.

Bacteroidales reduces growth rate through serum metabolites and cytokines in Chinese Ningdu yellow chickens.

Increasing evidence has indicated that the gut microbiome plays an important role in chicken growth traits. However, the cecal microbial taxa associated with the growth rates of the Chinese Ningdu yellow chickens are unknown. In this study, shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to identify cecal bacterial species associated with the growth rate of the Chinese Ningdu yellow chickens.

Signaling pathways and regulatory networks in quail skeletal muscle development: insights from whole transcriptome sequencing.

Quail, as an advantageous avian model organism due to its compact size and short reproductive cycle, holds substantial potential for enhancing our understanding of skeletal muscle development. The quantity of skeletal muscle represents a vital economic trait in poultry production. Unraveling the molecular mechanisms governing quail skeletal muscle development is of paramount importance for optimizing meat and egg yield through selective breeding programs.

Characteristics and potential biomarkers of flavor compounds in four Chinese indigenous chicken breeds.

Chinese indigenous chickens have a long history of natural and artificial selection and are popular for their excellent meat quality and unique flavor. This study investigated six meat quality-related traits in Ningdu yellow, Baier yellow, Kangle, and Shengze 901 chickens. Two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to detect unique flavors in 24 breast muscle samples from the same phenotyped chickens.

Hsa_circ_0005548 knockdown repairs OGD/R-induced damage in human brain microvascular endothelial cells via miR-362-3p/ETS1 axis.

Background: Ischemic stroke (IS) is a highly prevalent type of stroke with very high rates of disability and death. As the regulatory role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in various diseases has been revealed, we constructed a stroke cell model to analyze the action mechanism of hsa_circ_0005548 in IS.

Methods: The abundance of hsa_circ_0005548, microRNA-362-3p (miR-362-3p) and E26 transformation specific-1 (ETS-1) were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) or western blot.

A catalog of microbial genes and metagenome-assembled genomes from the quail gut microbiome.

The gut microbiome plays an important role in quail feed efficiency, immunity, production, and even behavior. Gut microbial gene catalogs and reference genomes are important for understanding the quail gut microbiome. However, quail gut microbes are lacked sequenced genomes and functional information to date.

Gut microbiome and serum metabolome analyses identify biomarkers associated with sexual maturity in quails.

Increasing evidence indicates that the gut microbiome plays an important role in host aging and sexual maturity. However, the gut microbial taxa associated with sexual maturity in quails are unknown. This study used shotgun metagenomic sequencing to identify bacterial taxa associated with sexual maturity in d 20 and d 70 quails.

Cloning of the RNA mA Methyltransferase 3 and Its Impact on the Proliferation and Differentiation of Quail Myoblasts.

Methyltransferase 3 (METTL3), which has been demonstrated to play a crucial role in a variety of biological processes, is the key enzyme for catalyzing mA modification in RNA. However, the complete protein sequence of METTL3 in quail has not been annotated, and its function in skeletal muscle of quails remains unknown. In the current study, the full-length coding sequence of the quail was obtained through the 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (3' RACE) and its homology with that of other species was predicted based on a generated phylogenetic tree.

RNA Sequencing of the Pituitary Gland and Association Analyses Reveal as a Candidate Gene for Growth and Carcass Traits in Chinese Ningdu Yellow Chickens.

Growth and carcass traits are of great economic importance to the chicken industry. The candidate genes and mutations associated with growth and carcass traits can be utilized to improve chicken growth. Therefore, the identification of these genes and mutations is greatly importance.

Identifying biomarkers of the gut bacteria, bacteriophages and serum metabolites associated with three weaning periods in piglets.

Background: The establishment of the piglet gut microbiome has a prolonged influence on host health, as it sets the stage for establishment of the adult swine microbiome. Substantial changes in host metabolism and immunity around the time of weaning may be accompanied by alterations in the gut microbiome. In this study, we systematically evaluated differences in the gut microbiome and host metabolites among three weaning periods using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomic profiling in piglets.

A mutation in PHKG1 causes high drip loss and low meat quality in Chinese Ningdu yellow chickens.

With increasing societal development and the concurrent improvement in people's quality of life, meat consumption has gradually changed from a focus on "quantity" to "quality". Broiler production is increasingly used as a means to improve meat quality by altering various characteristics, especially its genetic factors. However, until now, little has been known about the genetic variants related to meat quality traits in Chinese purebred chicken populations.

Metagenomic Analysis Identifies Sex-Related Cecal Microbial Gene Functions and Bacterial Taxa in the Quail.

Japanese quail () are important and widely distributed poultry in China. Researchers continue to pursue genetic selection for heavier quail. The intestinal microbiota plays a substantial role in growth promotion; however, the mechanisms involved in growth promotion remain unclear.

Genome-Wide Association Study and Transcriptome Analysis Provide New Insights into the White/Red Earlobe Color Formation in Chicken.

Background/aims: Earlobe color is a typical external trait in chicken. There are some previous studies showing that the chicken white/red earlobe color is a polygenic and sex-linked trait in some breeds, but its molecular genetic and histological mechanisms still remain unclear.

Methods: We herein utilized histological section, genome-wide association study (GWAS) and RNA-seq, further to investigate the potential histological and molecular genetic mechanisms of white/red earlobe formation in Qiangyuan Partridge chicken (QYP).

Mapping of Id locus for dermal shank melanin in a Chinese indigenous chicken breed.

The dermal shank pigmentation, one of the defining traits of chicken breeds, is caused by an abnormal deposition of melanin in the dermis of the shank. The abnormal deposition is controlled by the sex-linked inhibitor of dermal melanin (Id). In this study, we aim to locate the gene responsible for the dermal shank pigmentation in chickens by an association analysis and a differential expression analysis.

Associations of and polymorphisms with laying traits in Muscovy duck.

Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and dopamine receptor 2 (DRD2) play important roles in ovarian follicular development. In this study, we analyzed tissue-specific expression of the Muscovy duck and genes and cloned those genes transcripts. Polymorphisms in these genes were tightly linked with egg production traits and both genes were highly expressed in the ovary.