Enhancement of nutritional and flavor properties of red-fleshed pitaya juice via fermentation.

In this study, the changes in physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and volatile/non-volatile metabolites of red-fleshed pitaya () juice during fermentation were comprehensively investigated. The results indicated that significantly increased the total polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins contents, with the total phenolic content increasing from 0.16 ± 0.

Regulation of filamentous phage Pf4 activation by oxidative stress in .

The filamentous prophage Pf4 is activated to produce phage virions during biofilm formation, a process crucial for maintaining biofilm architecture and enhancing pathogenicity. However, the environmental cues triggering Pf4 activation have been inadequately explored. In this study, we discovered that oxidative stress, a significant stressor encountered by pathogens in biofilms or within eukaryotic hosts, triggers the production of the filamentous phage Pf4 in MPAO1 through OxyR.

Nascent liver proteome reveals enzymes and transcription regulators under physiological and alcohol exposure conditions.

The liver proteome undergoes dynamic changes while performing hundreds of essential biological functions. Dysregulation of the liver proteome under alcoholic conditions leads to alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), a major health challenge worldwide. There is an urgent need for quantitative and liver-specific proteome information in living animals to understand the pathophysiological dynamics of this largest solid organ.

The impact of carbon-ion beam irradiation on the phenotypic and molecular variation of wheat.

Background: Heavy ion beam irradiation is a potent mutagenic technique for developing new germplasm resources and breeding novel plant varieties. However, the biological effects and molecular variations caused by different dosages of heavy ion beam irradiation in crops are still not well understood.

Results: In this study, we investigated the biological effects and molecular variations in the M generation of wheat, along with extensive phenotype screening in the M generation, to thoroughly assess the mutagenic impact of carbon-ion beam irradiation.

Identification of novel biomarkers and associated immunoregulatory network in pterygium through integrated transcriptome analysis and machine learning approaches.

Pterygium is a common eye disease with unclear pathogenesis. This study aims to identify novel biomarkers for pterygium and explore their mechanisms by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Twelve conjunctival and sixteen pterygium samples were collected for RNA-seq.

Crosstalk between inovirus core gene and accessory toxin-antitoxin system mediates polylysogeny.

Polylysogeny, the harboring of multiple prophages within a single bacterial genome, is common among bacterial pathogens and enhances virulence and genome plasticity. Inoviruses (filamentous phages) are often present in multiple copies in major pathogens, leading to polylysogeny. Two highly similar filamentous phages (Pf4 and Pf6) are integrated into the widely distributed model Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain, and both prophages are activated during biofilm formation.

SOX9 siRNA Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles Actively Targeted: Formulation, Delivery, and Antitumor Effect on Colorectal Cancer and .

Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapy, which silences disease-associated genes, has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for various disorders, including cancer. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have become a leading platform for efficient siRNA delivery. SOX9, a family member of SRY-related high-mobility-group box (SOX) transcription factors, plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Identification of novel candidate gene associated with early heading on chromosome 5B in wheat mutant .

Unlabelled: Heading date (HD) is a critical agronomic trait that influences wheat's adaptation to environmental conditions and plays a pivotal role in yield stability. In this study, an early-heading mutant was identified following γ-ray irradiation of the wild type (WT) wheat variety Jing411. This mutant headed 2-3 days earlier than the WT, with no significant differences in other yield-related traits.

Metabolomic insights into pigment and bioactive metabolite alterations in Eucommia ulmoides leaves: A comparison between new variety and wild-type varieties.

Eucommia ulmoides (EU), an endemic Chinese plant, faces challenges of weak germplasm resources and low genetic diversity. Carbon ion beam irradiation (CIBI) was used to develop a novel EU variety with enhanced traits, particularly in leaf composition. The new variety exhibited elongated leaves with distinct pigmentation and increased anthocyanin accumulation.

Enhancement of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Films by Chemically Modified Lignocellulosic Nanofibers Derived from Bamboo Shoot Shells.

In this study, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films were reinforced with lignocellulosic nanofibers (LCNFs) extracted from bamboo shoot shells using a choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvent (DES). A filler loading of 10 wt% was identified as the optimal condition for enhancing film performance. To improve interfacial compatibility between the PVA matrix and LCNFs, three surface modification treatments were applied to the nanofibers: hydrochloric acid (HCl) hydrolysis, citric acid (CA) crosslinking, and a dual modification combining both methods (HCl&CA).

The effect of epilepsy on anxiety, depression, as well as prognostic value among adult low-grade gliomas patients.

Background: Epilepsy, anxiety and depression are frequently discussed in patients with gliomas, but limited study focused on adult low-grade gliomas (LGG) patients with epilepsy. Hence, this study aimed to compare the prevalence of anxiety and depression in adult LGG patients with epilepsy and without epilepsy, and investigate the prognostic value of epilepsy before surgery in these patients.

Methods: A prospective study of 96 adult LGG patients with epilepsy, and 151 adult LGG patients without epilepsy were enrolled to measure anxiety and depression before surgery, 6 months after surgery, 12 months after surgery.

A TOPLESS-related gene regulates both male and female sterility in wheat.

Wheat yield mainly depends on thousand-grain weight, spike number per unit, and grain number per spike. Since fertility is directly related to seed setting rate and grain number, the discovery of novel genes and alleles affecting male or female sterility is essential for advancing the genetic understanding of wheat fertility. Here we identified a wheat mutant on anther-stigma development (asd), exhibiting both male and female sterility with thin shriveled non-dehiscent anthers that failed to release pollen, as well as visorless stigmas.

[RGL1 overexpression promotes metastasis of colorectal cancer by upregulating motile focal adhesion assembly activating the CDC42/RAC1 complex].

Objectives: To investigate the regulatory role of Ral guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator-like 1 (RGL1) in metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: We analyzed the differential expression of RGL1 between metastatic and non-metastatic CRC in GEO database, and examined its expression in 25 patients with metastatic CRC and 25 patients with non-metastatic CRC treated in Zhujiang Hospital between January, 2020 and December, 2022 using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry. HCT116 cell lines with stable RGL1 overexpression and SW480 cells with RGL1 knockdown were established using lentiviral vecors, and the changes in invasion and migration abilities of the cells were assessed using Transwell invasion and migration assays.

Characterization of wheat oligo-tiller mutant ot2 and fine mapping of the mutant gene Taot2.

Tiller number is a crucial determinant of grain yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and identifying functional alleles can enhance our understanding of wheat tiller development. Here, we describe the ot2 wheat mutant, which exhibits a 91% reduction in tiller number compared to the wild type and displays inhibited tiller bud differentiation from the 2-3 leaf stage.

Preparing the functional biomaterial with osteogenic bioactivities by incorporating annealing pretreated silk fiber and iron oxide nanoparticles.

Silk fiber (SF), a kind of bio-fiber from biomass protein fibers with biocompatibility and mechanical properties, has been widely utilized in biomedical engineering. However, SF-based bio-scaffolds often encounter challenges in promoting osteogenesis within bone tissue engineering (BTE) applications. In this study, SF-based composites were constructed via the solution casting method in the presence of IONPs (SFF-IONPs), followed by annealing-induced self-assembly to form magnetic SF annealing films (SFF-IONPs).

Understanding Bicycle Riding Behavior and Attention on University Campuses: A Hierarchical Modeling Approach.

The traffic behavior characteristics within university campuses have received limited scholarly attention, despite their distinct differences from external road networks. These differences include the predominance of non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians in traffic flow composition, as well as traffic peaks primarily coinciding with class transition periods. To investigate the riding behavior of cyclists on university campuses, this study examines cyclist attention, proposes a novel method for constructing a rider attention recognition framework, utilizes a hierarchical ordered logistic model to analyze the factors influencing attention, and evaluates the model's performance.

Stable Interpenetrated Zirconium-Based Metal-Organic Framework for the Fluorescence Detection of MnO.

In this work, a novel stable zirconium-based metal-organic framework (Zr-MOF) with the formula [ZrO(OH)(PVDC)]·66DMF (, HPVDC = (,)-2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-bis[2-(4-carboxylatestyryl)]benzene; DMF = ,-dimethylformamide) was synthesized by introducing a linear phenylenevinylene-based carboxylate ligand to react with ZrCl under solvothermal conditions. According to single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurement, complex featured a 2-fold interpenetrated framework, in which the single coordination framework possessed a structure similar to that of the well-known Zr-MOF, UiO-66, constructed from [ZrO(OH)] clusters and carboxylate ligands PVDC. Due to the introduction of the phenylenevinylene-functionalized ligand, complex exhibited a unique fluorescence sensing performance toward permanganate (MnO) with different concentrations.

METTL3-mA-mediated TGF-β signaling promotes Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy via regulating corneal endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition.

Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is the leading cause of vision-threatening corneal endothelial dystrophy without pharmacologic treatments. Corneal endothelial-mesenchymal transition (cEndMT), a specific cellular phenotypic transition, is implicated in the vicious cycle in FECD pathogenesis. Here, we investigated the reversible epigenetic regulation of N-methyladenosine (mA) during cEndMT process and FECD progression.

Construction and verification of a prognostic model for bladder cancer based on disulfidptosis-related angiogenesis genes.

Background: Bladder cancer (BLCA) is the most common malignancy of the urinary system and one of the most common cancers worldwide. This study seeks to examine the influence of angiogenesis-related genes (ARGs) linked to disulfidptosis on BLCA patients and to formulate a prognostic model for evaluating their prognosis and response to immunotherapy.

Methods: This study used sequencing data of BLCA in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Effects of different hemispheric gliomas on depression and prognosis in neurosurgery patients.

Background: Depression is common in patients with gliomas, but few studies focused on the association between depression and glioma laterality.

Aims: This study was purposed to investigate depression difference and prognostic value between patients with left-hemispheric gliomas and right-hemispheric gliomas.

Methods: This study included 212 patients with left-hemispheric gliomas and 218 patients with right-hemispheric gliomas.

Inovirus-Encoded Peptides Induce Specific Toxicity in .

is a common opportunistic pathogen associated with nosocomial infections. The primary treatment for infections typically involves antibiotics, which can lead to the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. Therefore, there is a pressing need for safe and effective alternative methods.

The allelic mutation of NBS-LRR gene causes premature senescence in wheat.

Premature senescence has a significant impact on the yield and quality of wheat crops. The process is controlled by multiple and intricate genetic pathways and regulatory elements, whereby the discovery of additional mutants provides important insights into the molecular basis of this important trait. Here, we developed a premature senescence wheat mutant je0874, its leaves started to show yellow before heading stage; with plant growth and development, the degree of yellowing worsened rapidly, and chlorophyll content in flag leaf was reduced by 93.

Identification of Rht1 for plant height reduction in two wheat mutants and the effects on yield components.

Plant height determines lodging resistance and is closely linked to yield stability in wheat. In this study, we identified two semi-dwarf wheat mutants, designated je0370 and je0344, using the winter wheat cultivar Jing411 as the wild type (WT). Field experiments revealed that the plant height of these two mutants was significantly lower than that of the WT.