A Multicenter Study of Acute Abdomen in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: CCCG-ALL-2015.

Objective: Acute abdomen presents a significant challenge in the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), potentially leading to treatment failure and treatment-related mortality. Results from the multicenter study of CCCG-ALL-2015 showed significant improvements in overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) for childhood ALL. However, the primary aim of this study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and clinical impact of acute abdomen in the CCCG-ALL-2015 protocol, with the ultimate goal in the future of establishing evidence-based preventive strategies to reduce its occurrence.

Risk factors and outcomes of asparaginase-associated pancreatitis in pediatric patients with ALL.

Asparaginase-associated pancreatitis (AAP) is a significant complication in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy, often leading to treatment delays or discontinuation. This study aimed to identify AAP risk factors, assess outcomes after first and second episodes, and evaluate the impact of asparaginase rechallenge. We retrospectively analyzed 7,640 patients (aged 1 month-18 years) treated under the Chinese Children Cancer Group ALL 2015 protocol.

Three-Dimensional Structural Heteromorphs of Mating-Type Proteins in and the Natural Insect-Fungal Complex.

The MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2-1 proteins are essential for the sexual reproduction of . Although has been postulated to be the sole anamorph of and to undergo self-fertilization under homothallism or pseudohomothallism, little is known about the three-dimensional (3D) structures of the mating proteins in the natural insect-fungal complex, which is a valuable therapeutic agent in traditional Chinese medicine. However, the alternative splicing and differential occurrence and translation of the and genes have been revealed in , negating the self-fertilization hypothesis but rather suggesting the occurrence of self-sterility under heterothallic or hybrid outcrossing.

Prognostic and therapeutic implications of measurable residual disease levels during remission induction of childhood ALL.

We evaluated the prognostic and therapeutic significance of measurable residual disease (MRD) during remission induction in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the Chinese Children Cancer Group ALL 2015 protocol, 7640 patients were categorized into low-, intermediate-, or high-risk groups based on clinical and genetic features. Final risk classification was determined by assessing MRD using flow cytometry on days 19 and 46 of remission induction with additional intensified chemotherapy for day 19 MRD ≥1%.

Translation of Mutant Repetitive Genomic Sequences in and Changes in the Secondary Structures and Functional Specifications of the Encoded Proteins.

Multiple repetitive sequences of authentic genes commonly exist in fungal genomes. AT-biased genotypes of have been hypothesized as repetitive pseudogenes in the genome of (GC-biased Genotype #1 of ) and are generated through repeat-induced point mutation (RIP), which is charactered by cytosine-to-thymine and guanine-to-adenine transitions, concurrent epigenetic methylation, and dysfunctionality. This multilocus study examined repetitive sequences in the genome and transcriptome using a bioinformatic approach and revealed that 8.

[Prognostic analysis of childhood T-lymphoblastic lymphoma treated with leukemia regimen].

Objectives: To investigate the prognosis of childhood T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) treated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) regimen and related influencing factors.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the prognostic characteristics of 29 children with T-LBL who were treated with ALL regimen (ALL-2009 or CCCG-ALL-2015 regimen) from May 2010 to May 2022.

Results: The 29 children with T-LBL had a 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of 84%±7% and an event-free survival (EFS) rate of 81%±8%.

Decitabine as epigenetic priming with CLAG induce improved outcome of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia in children.

Background: Decitabine (DAC), a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, has shown efficacy combined with chemotherapy for relapsed or refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults, but less is known about its efficacy in children. Accordingly, we conducted a study which involved a priming regimen consisting of DAC with cladribine, cytarabine, and granulocyte-stimulating factor (DAC-CLAG) and compared the efficacy and safety of this regimen with CLAG alone.

Methods: A total of 39 R/R AML children who received the CLAG or DAC-CLAG regimen in Shanghai Children's Hospital were retrospectively enrolled in this non-randomized study.

Altered GC- and AT-biased genotypes of Ophiocordyceps sinensis in the stromal fertile portions and ascospores of natural Cordyceps sinensis.

Objective: To examine multiple genotypes of Ophiocordyceps sinensis in a semi-quantitative manner in the stromal fertile portion (SFP) densely covered with numerous ascocarps and ascospores of natural Cordyceps sinensis and to outline the dynamic alterations of the coexisting O. sinensis genotypes in different developmental phases.

Methods: Mature Cordyceps sinensis specimens were harvested and continuously cultivated in our laboratory (altitude 2,254 m).

[Differential transcription of mating-type genes during sexual reproduction of natural Cordyceps sinensis].

Natural Cordyceps sinensis as an insect-fungal complex, which is developed after Ophiocordyceps sinensis infects a larva of Hepialidae family. Seventeen genotypes of O. sinensis have been identified in natural C.

Differential coexistence of multiple genotypes of Ophiocordyceps sinensis in the stromata, ascocarps and ascospores of natural Cordyceps sinensis.

Objective: To examine the differential occurrence of Ophiocordyceps sinensis genotypes in the stroma, stromal fertile portion (SFP) densely covered with numerous ascocarps, and ascospores of natural Cordyceps sinensis.

Methods: Immature and mature C. sinensis specimens were harvested.

Electrochemical Interfacial Polymerization toward Ultrathin COF Membranes for Brine Desalination.

Ultrathin covalent organic framework (COF) membranes are urgently demanded in molecular/ionic separations. Herein, we reported an electrochemical interfacial polymerization strategy to fabricate ultrathin COF membranes with thickness of 85 nm, by actively manipulate self-healing effect and self-inhibiting effect. The resulting COF membrane exhibited superior performance in brine desalination with the permeation flux of 92 kg m  h and the rejection of 99.

A prospective multicenter study on varicella-zoster virus infection in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Background And Methods: The study evaluated prognostic factors associated with varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection and mortality in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using data from the multicenter Chinese Children's Cancer Group ALL-2015 trial.

Results: In total, 7,640 patients were recruited, and 138 cases of VZV infection were identified. The incidence of VZV infection was higher in patients aged ≥ 10 years (22.

Humanized CD19-directed CAR-T Cell Therapy in Pediatric Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With CNSL or Neurological Comorbidity.

Chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has breakthrough potential for relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, because of the risk for neurotoxicity, trials usually exclude patients with central nervous system leukemia (CNSL) or active neurological comorbidities (NC). Here, we evaluated the efficacy and neurotoxicity of humanized CD19-directed CAR-T therapy for R/R ALL with CNSL or NC.

Arsenic Combined With All-Trans Retinoic Acid for Pediatric Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia: Report From the CCLG-APL2016 Protocol Study.

Purpose: Arsenic combined with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is the standard of care for adult acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, the safety and effectiveness of this treatment in pediatric patients with APL have not been reported on the basis of larger sample sizes.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter trial at 38 hospitals in China.

Sequential infection of Epstein-Barr virus and cryptococcal encephalitis after umbilical cord blood transplantation in a child with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy.

Dual infection with two pathogens can be found in few cases of encephalitis. Cases of sequential infection with EBV and cryptococcal encephalitis in post-transplant patients are rare. We describe a 5-year-old boy with X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy who presented sequential infection with EBV and cryptococcal encephalitis after umbilical cord blood transplant.

Re-induction with modified CLAG regimen in relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia in children bridging to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Background: The prognosis for relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (RR-AML) in children is poor, and the preferred salvage chemotherapy is unclear. One regimen is cladribine, cytarabine, and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (CLAG), but little is known about its efficacy and safety in children with RR-AML.

Methods: We enrolled RR-AML patients aged 0-18 years who received modified CLAG regimen for re-induction between July 1, 2015 and April 1, 2018, or conventional induction between August 1, 2011 and April 1, 2018.

[Indiscriminate use of Latin name for natural Cordyceps sinensis insect-fungi complex and multiple Ophiocordyceps sinensis fungi].

Natural Cordyceps sinensis(Dongchongxiacao) is an insect-fungi complex containing multiple Ophiocordyceps sinensis(≡Cordyceps sinensis) fungi and dead body of larva of the family of Hepialidae. But natural C. sinensis and O.

Effects of portulacerebroside a on apoptosis of human leukemia HL60 cells and p38/JNK signaling pathway.

Acute myeloid leukemia is known as one of the most malignant diseases. We aimed at exploring the effect of portulacerebroside A (PCA) on the apoptosis in human leukemia HL60 cells and clarify the possible mechanisms involved in. By MTT analysis, we found that PCA (1-100 μM) inhibited the cell viability in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and cell cycle was arrested at G0/G1 period.

Novel insights into a treatment for aplastic anemia based on the advanced proliferation of bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells induced by fibroblast growth factor 1.

Aplastic anemia (AA) is rare disease that is predominantly observed in adolescents. Without effective management at an early stage, is associated with a high risk of mortality. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can differentiate into various types of cell, which are able to produce a number of hematopoietic growth factors considered to be important in AA alleviation.

Altered proteomic polymorphisms in the caterpillar body and stroma of natural Cordyceps sinensis during maturation.

Objective: To examine the maturational changes in proteomic polymorphisms resulting from differential expression by multiple intrinsic fungi in the caterpillar body and stroma of natural Cordyceps sinensis (Cs), an integrated micro-ecosystem.

Methods: The surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS) biochip technique was used to profile the altered protein compositions in the caterpillar body and stroma of Cs during its maturation. The MS chromatograms were analyzed using density-weighted algorithms to examine the similarities and cluster relationships among the proteomic polymorphisms of the Cs compartments and the mycelial products Hirsutella sinensis (Hs) and Paecilomyces hepiali (Ph).