Hospital-treated infections and the risk and prognosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A population-based study.

Background: Infection has been suspected as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, previous research has focused on specific pathogens and rarely examined the influence of infection on disease progression.

Objectives: To assess whether hospital-treated infections correlate with the risk and prognosis of ALS.

Inflammatory bowel disease patients are at increased risk for interstitial lung diseases.

Objectives: Pulmonary manifestations have been postulated in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but supporting data are scarce. We examined the risk of interstitial lung diseases (ILD) in IBD and its subtypes (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, and IBD-unclassified).

Methods: We conducted a nationwide cohort study of individuals diagnosed with IBD in Sweden between 1969-2019 and followed until 2021.

Adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes in women with biopsy-proven MASLD: a nationwide cohort study.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been linked to an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. We aimed to assess the roles of obesity, familial factors, and disease severity.

Methods: Nationwide cohort study in Sweden (1992-2017) including 240 births (162 women) with biopsy-proven MASLD vs.

Mortality and Cancer in Offspring of Mothers With Biopsy-Proven MASLD During Pregnancy: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: Health-related outcomes through early adulthood among offspring prenatally exposed to maternal metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) are insufficiently investigated. We aimed to study the risk of mortality and cancer in such offspring.

Methods: This nationwide cohort study included all singleton live born offspring with prenatal exposure to maternal biopsy-proven MASLD (1992-2017; N = 239) in Sweden.

Reproducibility and validity of low-carbohydrate diet and low-fat diet scores derived from 24-hour dietary recalls.

The reproducibility and validity of low-carbohydrate diets (LCD) and low-fat diets (LFD) from 24-hour dietary recall (24HDR) remain unclear. We evaluated the performance of 24HDR-based assessments of 6 dietary patterns (overall, healthful, and unhealthful LCD/LFD) to determine the optimum number of 24HDR in epidemiologic studies. Participants (n = 432, 185 men and 247 women) aged 18-84 years from the Anhui Lifestyle Validation Study (ALVS) completed 4 quarterly 3 consecutive 24HDRs (2 weekdays and 1 weekend day) during July 2021 to July 2022.

Adult-onset inflammatory bowel disease and the risk of venous thromboembolism - a Swedish nationwide cohort study 2007-2021.

Background: Earlier studies, mainly prior to the widespread use of advanced therapy and implementation of guidelines for thromboprophylaxis indicate a doubled risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Methods: Using Swedish healthcare registers, we identified a population-based cohort of patients with incident IBD 2007-2021. Patients were matched by age, sex, calendar year of birth and place of residence with up to 10 reference individuals.

Statin Use is Associated with a Less Severe Disease Course In Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study 2006-2020.

Background: Statins reduce the risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), however their effect on IBD disease progression is largely unknown.

Methods: We linked Swedish healthcare registers and performed a nationwide cohort study (2006-2020) of 19 788 adults (≥18 years) with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 12 582 with Crohn's disease (CD). Of these, 1733 with UC and 962 with CD were identified as incident statin users after UC or CD diagnosis.

Long-term risk of chronic liver disease in patients with celiac disease: a nationwide population-based, sibling-controlled cohort study.

Background: Celiac disease (CeD) may be associated with elevated liver enzymes. However, little is known about the risk of chronic liver disease (CLD) of various etiologies or major adverse liver outcomes (MALO) in CeD. We aimed to investigate the long-term risk of CLD in patients with CeD.

NIR light activates upconverting nanoparticles/ZnMnS core-shell nanoparticles for improved breast cancer treatment.

Multimodal combined therapy constitutes an ideal strategy for the treatment of primary tumors and the suppression of distant metastatic tumors. In this study, a 4T1 cell membrane-coated UCNPs@ZnMnS (TUC@ZMS) nanoplatform is designed for synergistic photodynamic (PDT), chemodynamic (CDT), gas, and immune-based cancer therapy. The 4T1 cell membrane coating enhances tumor-targeting specificity, while TUC@ZMS, under 980 nm near-infrared (NIR) light activation, generates singlet oxygen (O) for PDT and induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) CDT to trigger tumor cell apoptosis.

Cholecystectomy is a Risk Factor for Microscopic Colitis: A Nationwide Population-based Matched Case Control Study.

Background & Aims: Studies have linked bile acid malabsorption and microscopic colitis (MC), with some patients with MC responding to treatment with bile acid sequestrants. However, the literature on cholecystectomy as a risk factor for MC is inconclusive. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between cholecystectomy and MC on a nationwide scale to provide more definitive insights.

Microscopic Colitis and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism: A Nationwide Matched Cohort Study.

Introduction: Inflammatory diseases have been associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, data on VTE are lacking in large population-based cohorts of microscopic colitis (MC).

Methods: This study included all Swedish adults with incident MC without prior VTE (1990-2017; n = 12,489; follow-up until 2021).

Incidence of non-esophageal eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease in Sweden 1990-2015.

Background: Data on the incidence of Eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease (EGID) distal to the esophagus are scarce. This study aimed to examine the incidence of non-eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) EGID in Sweden, as well as its three entities; eosinophilic gastritis (EoG), eosinophilic enteritis (EoN), and eosinophilic colitis (EoC).

Methods: We performed a nationwide population-based cohort study of individuals with incident biopsy-confirmed non-EoE EGID in Sweden from 1990 to 2015.

Higher dietary glycemic index, but not glycemic load, is associated with increased risk of ulcerative colitis: a prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Total carbohydrate intake has been inconsistently associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) risk in previous epidemiological studies. We aimed to evaluate the effects of glycemic index and glycemic load, 2 main indicators for measuring the quality and quantity of carbohydrates, on the risk of IBD subtypes (ie, Crohn's disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC]).

Methods: We included 121 148 UK Biobank participants without IBD at baseline, and collected dietary information from a validated web-based 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire.

Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Microscopic Colitis: A Nationwide Matched Case-Control Study in Sweden.

Background: Microscopic colitis (MC), comprising collagenous colitis (CC) and lymphocytic colitis (LC), is an inflammatory condition of the colon, characterized by watery diarrhoea. Previous studies suggest an association between autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) (Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves' disease) and MC; however, large-scale histology studies are lacking.

Methods: We conducted a nationwide, matched case-control study.

N1 derived lipoteichoic acid alleviates insulin resistance in association with modulation of the gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of heat-killed N1 (HK-N1) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA) derived from it on alleviating insulin resistance by modulating the gut microbiota and amino acid metabolism. High-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice were administered live bacteria or HK-N1, and the results demonstrated that HK-N1 significantly reduced epididymal adipocyte size and serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and improved insulin resistance by increasing the YY peptide and glucagon-like peptide levels. HK-N1 also modulated the gut microbiome composition, enhancing microbiota uniformity and reducing the abundance of , and .

Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Pancreatic Disease-A Population-Based Nationwide Cohort and Sibling-Controlled Study.

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been linked to pancreatic diseases, but evidence from population-based studies with liver histology is lacking.

Aims And Methods: In this population-based cohort including all Swedish adults (n = 8563) with biopsy-proven MASLD, we aimed to investigate incidences of pancreatic diseases compared with matched reference individuals from the general population (n = 38,858) and full siblings (n = 6696). Using Cox proportional hazard models, we calculated multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and confidence intervals (CIs).

Controlled Delivery of MTX from Thermosensitive Hydrogels Using Au Nanorods for Enhanced Therapeutics of Psoriasis via Improving Stratum Corneum Penetration.

Topical transdermal drug delivery for psoriasis remains a challenge because of the poor solubility of hydrophobic drugs and the limited penetration of the stratum corneum. In this study, a near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive thermosensitive hydrogel (PDLLA-PEG-PDLLA, PLEL)-based drug reservoir is developed that directly incorporated gold nanorods (GNRs) and methotrexate (MTX) in the sol state at low temperature, which is referred to as PLEL@GNR+MTX. The in vitro anti-psoriasis experiment indicated that, GNRs, as photothermal cores of composite hydrogel, not only triggered keratinocyte apoptosis but also promoted MTX release in a synergistic manner.

Dietary Antioxidant Capacity, Genetic Susceptibility and Polymorphism, and Inflammatory Bowel Disease Risk in a Prospective Cohort.

Background & Aims: Oxidative stress is an essential factor in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A previous study found protective potential of some antioxidative nutrients against IBD. However, the association between total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of the diet and incident IBD is unclear.

Risk of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Outcomes in Families With MASLD: A Population-Based Multigenerational Cohort Study.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, whether family members of individuals with MASLD also share an increased cardiovascular risk is unknown.

Methods: We created a nationwide multigenerational cohort study identifying all family members of Swedish adults diagnosed with biopsy-proven MASLD (1969-2017) and of matched general population comparators (by age, sex, calendar year, and county of residence).

Bidirectional association between inflammatory bowel disease and type 1 diabetes: a nationwide matched cohort and case-control study.

Background: Co-occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been linked to poor clinical outcomes, but evidence on their bidirectional associations remain scarce. This study aims to investigate their bidirectional associations.

Methods: A nationwide matched cohort and case-control study with IBD patients identified between 1987 and 2017.

Diverticular disease and risk of incident major adverse cardiovascular events: a nationwide matched cohort study.

Background: An increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been reported in patients with diverticular disease (DD). However, there are knowledge gaps about specific risks of each major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) component.

Methods And Results: This nationwide cohort study included Swedish adults with DD (1987-2017, N = 52 468) without previous CVD.