Insight into the formation mechanism and driving forces of one-dimensional flat bands in twisted bilayer black phosphorene.

Using first-principles calculations, this study explores the formation mechanism of one-dimensional (1D) flat bands in twisted bilayer black phosphorene (BP) and investigates the underlying driving forces behind this phenomenon. We show that 1D flat bands arise from the unique distribution of the four high-symmetry stacking configurations of untwisted BP in the twisted BP and the alignment of their band edges along specific directions, a phenomenon we term the anisotropic interlayer stacking effect. Further analysis reveals that interlayer quasi-bonding (QB) interactions and quantum confinement effects drive band edge alignment, with interlayer QB interactions among second-neighbor atomic pairs playing a key role in certain high-symmetry configurations.

A Multi-omics Framework Based on Machine Learning as a Predictor of Cognitive Impairment Progression in Early Parkinson's Disease.

Introduction: Cognitive impairment (CI) is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the diagnosis and prediction of CI progression in PD remain challenging. We aimed to explore a multi-omics framework based on machine learning integrating comprehensive radiomics, cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and genetics information to identify CI progression in early PD.

Establishment of predictive models and determinants of preoperative gastric retention in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

Background: Study on influencing factors of gastric retention before endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) background: With the wide application of ERCP, the risk of preoperative gastric retention affects the smooth progress of the operation. The study found that female, biliary and pancreatic malignant tumor, digestive tract obstruction and other factors are closely related to gastric retention, so the establishment of predictive model is very important to reduce the risk of operation.

Aim: To analyze the factors influencing preoperative gastric retention in ERCP and establish a predictive model.

Prediction model establishment and validation for enteral nutrition aspiration during hospitalization in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a disease caused by abnormal activation of pancreatic enzymes and can lead to self-digestion of pancreatic tissues and dysfunction of other organs. Enteral nutrition plays a vital role in the treatment of AP because it can meet the nutritional needs of patients, promote the recovery of intestinal function, and maintain the barrier and immune functions of the intestine. However, the risk of aspiration during enteral nutrition is high; once aspiration occurs, it may cause serious complications, such as aspiration pneumonia, and suffocation, posing a threat to the patient's life.

Establishment and validation of a predictive model for peripherally inserted central catheter-related thrombosis in patients with liver cancer.

Background: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are commonly used in hospitalized patients with liver cancer for the administration of chemotherapy, nutrition, and other medications. However, PICC-related thrombosis is a serious complication that can lead to morbidity and mortality in this patient population. Several risk factors have been identified for the development of PICC-related thrombosis, including cancer type, stage, comorbidities, and catheter characteristics.

Synthesis of Chiral Endocyclic Allenes by Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Annulation Followed by Cope Rearrangement.

Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of chiral endocyclic allenes remains a challenge in allene chemistry owing to unfavored tension and complex chirality. Here, we present a new relay strategy merging Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] annulation with enyne-Cope rearrangement, providing a facile route to chiral 9-membered endocyclic allenes with high efficiency and enantioselectivity. Moreover, theoretical calculations and experimental studies were performed to illustrate the critical, but unusual Cope rearrangement that allows for the complete central-to-axial chirality transfer.

The accuracy and effectiveness of automatic pedicle screw trajectory planning based on computer tomography values: an in vitro osteoporosis model study.

Background: Pedicle screw placement in patients with osteoporosis is a serious clinical challenge. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the screw trajectory has been positively correlated with the screw pull-out force, while the computer tomography (CT) value has been linearly correlated with the BMD. The purpose of this study was to establish an in vitro osteoporosis model and verify the accuracy and effectiveness of automated pedicle screw planning software based on CT values in this model.

Does MIS-TLIF or TLIF result in better pedicle screw placement accuracy and clinical outcomes with navigation guidance?

Background: Although previous studies have suggested that navigation can improve the accuracy of pedicle screw placement, few studies have compared navigation-assisted transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) and navigation-assisted minimally invasive TLIF (MIS-TLIF). The entry point of pedicle screw insertion in navigation-assisted MIS-TLIF (NM-TLIF) may deviate from the planned entry point due to an uneven bone surface, which may result in misplacement. The purpose of this study was to explore the pedicle screw accuracy and clinical consequences of MIS-TLIF and TLIF, both under O-arm navigation, to determine which surgical method is better.

Duodenal microbiota makes an important impact in functional dyspepsia.

Duodenal microbiota may have impact in Functional Dyspepsia. The aim of this study was to explore the difference of microbiota on duodenal mucosa between patients with Functional Dyspepsia and normal subjects. The duodenal mucosa of the subjects were collected under upper gastrointestinal endoscope and the contents of the descending duodenal intestine were extracted with cell brushes in 20 patients with Functional Dyspepsia and 5 healthy subjects.

[Parameters modification and evaluation of two evapotranspiration models based on Penman-Monteith model for summer maize].

The dynamic variations of evapotranspiration (ET) and weather data during summer maize growing season in 2013-2015 were monitored with eddy covariance system, and the applicability of two operational models (FAO-PM model and KP-PM model) based on the Penman-Monteith model were analyzed. Firstly, the key parameters in the two models were calibrated with the measured data in 2013 and 2014; secondly, the daily ET in 2015 calculated by the FAO-PM model and KP-PM model was compared to the observed ET, respectively. Finally, the coefficients in the KP-PM model were further revised with the coefficients calculated according to the different growth stages, and the performance of the revised KP-PM model was also evaluated.

UV and visible light photocatalytic activity of Au/TiO nanoforests with Anatase/Rutile phase junctions and controlled Au locations.

To magnify anatase/rutile phase junction effects through appropriate Au decorations, a facile solution-based approach was developed to synthesize Au/TiO nanoforests with controlled Au locations. The nanoforests cons®isted of anatase nanowires surrounded by radially grown rutile branches, on which Au nanoparticles were deposited with preferred locations controlled by simply altering the order of the fabrication step. The Au-decoration increased the photocatalytic activity under the illumination of either UV or visible light, because of the beneficial effects of either electron trapping or localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR).

Effect of vegetation rehabilitation on soil carbon and its fractions in Mu Us Desert, northwest China.

Although vegetation rehabilitation on semi-arid and arid regions may enhance soil carbon sequestration, its effects on soil carbon fractions remain uncertain. We carried out a study after planting Artemisia ordosica (AO, 17 years), Astragalus mongolicum (AM, 5 years), and Salix psammophila (SP, 16 years) on shifting sand land (SL) in the Mu Us Desert, northwest China. We measured total soil carbon (TSC) and its components, soil inorganic carbon (SIC) and soil organic carbon (SOC), as well as the light and heavy fractions within soil organic carbon (LF-SOC and HF-SOC), under the SL and shrublands at depths of 100 cm.

Influence of disturbance on soil respiration in biologically crusted soil during the dry season.

Soil respiration (Rs) is a major pathway for carbon cycling and is a complex process involving abiotic and biotic factors. Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are a key biotic component of desert ecosystems worldwide. In desert ecosystems, soils are protected from surface disturbance by BSCs, but it is unknown whether Rs is affected by disturbance of this crust layer.

MYC regulation of CHK1 and CHK2 promotes radioresistance in a stem cell-like population of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.

Radiotherapy is the most successful nonsurgical treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Despite this, the prognosis remains poor. Although NPCs initially respond well to a full course of radiation, recurrence is frequent.

[B-mode ultrasound for defining planning target volume in intensity-modulated radiotherapy for prostate cancer].

Objective: To define the planning target volume (PTV) margins in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for prostate cancer without imaging guidance using B-mode acquisition and targeting (BAT) ultrasound-based prostate localization.

Methods: Ten patients with prostate cancer underwent BAT ultrasound alignment before each IMRT session. The set-up deviations, each consisting of isocenter displacements in 3 directions (anterior-posterior, right-left lateral, and superior-inferior), were recorded for a total of 225 times and analyzed with Kolmogorov-Smimov (K-S) method.