Transcriptomic and Lipidomic Analyses Reveal a Novel Antiapoptotic Mechanism of Peptide IRW in the Arteries of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats through the Reduction of Ceramide Levels and Arachidonic Acid Release.

IRW, an antihypertensive peptide derived from ovotransferrin, has been shown to lower blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) by upregulating angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ACE2 is cardioprotective and a well-documented inhibitor of apoptosis. This study aims to investigate the anti-apoptotic effects of IRW and its underlying mechanism in SHRs' vasculature.

Peroxisomal import is circadian in glia and regulates sleep and lipid metabolism.

Peroxisomes are critical organelles that detoxify wastes while also catabolizing and anabolizing lipids. How peroxisomes coordinate protein import and support metabolic functions across complex tissues and timescales remains poorly understood . Using the brain, we discover a striking enrichment of peroxisomes in the neuronal soma and the cortex glia that enwrap them.

The effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on plasma cytokines, oxylipins, and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from women with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the DHA-WIN trial.

Clinical trials on docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation and immune changes during breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) are limited. This study evaluated the impact of DHA supplementation during NAC on systemic and tumor immune modulation by assessing plasma inflammatory and cardiac damage markers, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) proportions, and n-6- and n-3-derived oxylipins produced in response to an ex vivo immune challenge. Venous blood was collected at baseline, 9, and 15 weeks during NAC from participants in the DHA for Women with Breast Cancer in the Neoadjuvant Setting (DHA-WIN) trial, which compared DHA-enriched algae (4.

Association between enteral essential fatty acids and plasma phospholipid essential fatty acids related immune response in critically ill adults with COVID-19: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a complicated disease with widely varying outcomes. Up to 20% of unvaccinated, hospitalized patients infected with COVID-19 may die during the initial three weeks. Our research shows that COVID-19 infection results in rapid, remarkable change in the balance between essential fatty acid constituents of plasma phospholipids that are substrates for synthesis of signals that regulate immunity, inflammation, and thrombosis.

Glia phagocytose neuronal sphingolipids to infiltrate developing synapses.

Unlabelled: The complex morphologies of mature neurons and glia emerge through profound rearrangements of cell membranes during development. Despite being integral components of these membranes, it is unclear whether lipids might actively sculpt these morphogenic processes. By analyzing lipid levels in the developing fruit fly brain, we discover dramatic increases in specific sphingolipids coinciding with neural circuit establishment.

Plasma essential fatty acid on hospital admission is a marker of COVID-19 disease severity.

It is important for allocation of resources to predict those COVID patients at high risk of dying or organ failure. Early signals to initiate cellular events of host immunity can be derived from essential fatty acid metabolites preceding the cascade of proinflammatory signals. Much research has focused on understanding later proinflammatory responses.

Interorgan Metabolism of Ganglioside Is Altered in Type 2 Diabetes.

GM3 is implicated in cell signaling, inflammation and insulin resistance. The intestinal mucosa metabolizes ganglioside and provides gangliosides for uptake by peripheral tissues. Gangliosides downregulate acute and chronic inflammatory signals.

Glial control of sphingolipid levels sculpts diurnal remodeling in a circadian circuit.

Structural plasticity in the brain often necessitates dramatic remodeling of neuronal processes, with attendant reorganization of the cytoskeleton and membranes. Although cytoskeletal restructuring has been studied extensively, how lipids might orchestrate structural plasticity remains unclear. We show that specific glial cells in Drosophila produce glucocerebrosidase (GBA) to locally catabolize sphingolipids.

Depletion of essential fatty acids in muscle is associated with shorter survival of cancer patients undergoing surgery-preliminary report.

Emerging studies are reporting associations between skeletal muscle abnormalities and survival in cancer patients. Cancer prognosis is associated with depletion of essential fatty acids in erythrocytes and plasma in humans. However the relationship between skeletal muscle membrane fatty acid composition and survival is unknown.

Lipidomic Profiling Identifies Signatures of Poor Cardiovascular Health.

Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) is defined for the presence of ideal behavioral and health metrics known to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD). The association of circulatory phospho- and sphingo-lipids to primary reduction in cardiovascular risk is unclear. Our aim was to determine the association of CVH metrics with the circulating lipid profile of a population-based cohort.

A Lipidomic Signature Complements Stemness Features Acquisition in Liver Cancer Cells.

Lipid catabolism and anabolism changes play a role in stemness acquisition by cancer cells, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) are particularly dependent on the activity of the enzymes involved in these processes. Lipidomic changes could play a role in CSCs' ability to cause disease relapse and chemoresistance. The exploration of lipid composition and metabolism changes in CSCs in the context of hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is still incomplete and their lipidomic scenario continues to be elusive.

Associations between high triglycerides and arterial stiffness in a population-based sample: Kardiovize Brno 2030 study.

Background: The term arterial stiffness (ArSt) describes structural changes in arterial wall related to the loss of elasticity and is known as an independent predictor of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The evidence relating to ArSt and triglycerides (TG) shows contradictory results. This paper means to survey the association between high TG and ArSt, utilizing the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI).

Transcriptional Feedback Links Lipid Synthesis to Synaptic Vesicle Pools in Drosophila Photoreceptors.

Neurons can maintain stable synaptic connections across adult life. However, the signals that regulate expression of synaptic proteins in the mature brain are incompletely understood. Here, we describe a transcriptional feedback loop between the biosynthesis and repertoire of specific phospholipids and the synaptic vesicle pool in adult Drosophila photoreceptors.

Modification of Ganglioside Content of Human Gastric Epithelial Cell Membrane Decreases Helicobacter pylori Adhesion.

Background: In polarized cells, ganglioside location determines ganglioside function. Diet alters ganglioside content and composition in cell membranes. Ganglioside acts as a receptor for Helicobacter pylori.