Multicenter Phase 2 Trial of Second-Line Regorafenib in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Progression on Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab.

Introduction: Atezolizumab-bevacizumab (Atezo-Bev) has become the standard first-line treatment for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). However, data on subsequent treatment after Atezo-Bev failure are lacking. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of regorafenib for uHCC progression after first-line Atezo-Bev.

Predictive value of homologous recombination-related gene mutations in survival outcomes of first-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy for gastric cancer.

Background: Homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene mutations contribute to genomic instability. However, their clinical value in immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based treatments in gastric cancer remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the efficacy of nivolumab plus chemotherapy according to the HRR mutation status in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Multicenter phase Ib/II study of second-line durvalumab and tremelimumab in combination with paclitaxel in patients with biomarker-selected metastatic gastric cancer.

Background: This multicenter phase Ib/II trial aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of combining durvalumab, tremelimumab, and paclitaxel as second-line treatment for biomarker-selected patients with metastatic gastric cancer.

Methods: In phase Ib, the standard 3 + 3 dose escalation method was used. Durvalumab and tremelimumab were administered every 4 weeks for 13 and 4 cycles, respectively, combining paclitaxel 80 mg/m (dose level 2) or 60 mg/m (dose level 1) on days 1, 8, and 15.

Predictive value of EBV-positivity in patients with gastric cancer treated with first-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy.

Background: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positivity is a potential predictive biomarker for immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in gastric cancer patients, but its value in first-line ICI-based chemotherapy remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of EBV positivity in patients treated with first-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy.

Methods: This single-center study included advanced gastric cancer patients treated with first-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy (n = 293).

Higher Risk of Proteinuria with Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab than Lenvatinib in First-Line Systemic Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Introduction: Proteinuria presents a challenging complication during systemic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aims to identify risk factors for proteinuria in patients with HCC treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev) or lenvatinib (LEN) as first-line systemic treatment.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 622 consecutive patients with unresectable HCC who received Atezo/Bev or LEN as first-line systemic treatment between October 2013 and October 2022.

Low positivity rate of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b is associated with heterogeneous expression in gastric cancer.

Background: Bemarituzumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b (FGFR2b), is under evaluation in phase 3 trials of gastric cancer (GC) trials. However, data on the characteristics, prognostic significance, and heterogenous expression patterns of FGFR2b overexpression in GC remain limited. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and survival outcomes of FGFR2b-positive GC, along with the expression concordance across biopsy, surgical, and metastatic specimens.

Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab Is Associated with Favorable Overall Survival over Lenvatinib in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness outcomes of Child-Pugh class A patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with first-line atezolizumab-bevacizumab and lenvatinib.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with Child-Pugh A unresectable HCC who were administered first-line treatment with either atezolizumab-bevacizumab (n = 368) or lenvatinib (n = 229) at Asan Medical Center (Seoul, Korea). Effectiveness outcomes were analyzed along with the inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) analysis to adjust for potential confounders.

Antitumor effects of immunotherapy combined with BRAF and MEK inhibitors in BRAF V600E metastatic colorectal cancer.

BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer correlates with poor prognosis and limited response to standard treatments. Combining immune checkpoint inhibitors with BRAF/MEK inhibitors shows promise against BRAF-mutant melanoma in both preclinical and clinical trials. Therefore, we hypothesized that the treatment would be effective against BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer.

Phase 2 study of neoadjuvant durvalumab plus docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and S-1 with surgery and adjuvant durvalumab plus S-1 for resectable locally advanced gastric cancer.

Background: Based on the phase 3 PRODIGY study, neoadjuvant docetaxel, oxaliplatin, and S-1 (DOS) have emerged as a viable treatment option for Asian patients with resectable locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). This phase 2 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of combining neoadjuvant durvalumab with DOS, followed by surgery and adjuvant durvalumab plus S-1 chemotherapy, for resectable LAGC.

Methods: Patients with LAGC with cT2/3N+or cT4Nany tumors were enrolled in this study.

Blood TCTP as a potential biomarker associated with immunosuppressive features and poor clinical outcomes in metastatic gastric cancer.

Background: No established biomarker exists for specific myeloid cell populations or in gastric cancer. This study aimed to explore the prognostic and immunological relevance of plasma translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) in patients with advanced gastric cancer treated with an immune checkpoint inhibitor and/or cytotoxic chemotherapy.

Methods: Plasma samples were prospectively collected from the cohorts of patients with gastric cancer treated with first-line fluoropyrimidine plus platinum chemotherapy (n=143, cohort 1) and third-line nivolumab (n=165, cohort 2).

Lenvatinib versus sorafenib as second-line therapy following progression on atezolizumab-bevacizumab in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective study from Korea and Japan.

Purpose: Atezolizumab-bevacizumab (AB) is the established first-line systemic therapy for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC). However, the optimal second-line treatment for patients unresponsive to AB remains undefined.

Patients And Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study included patients with uHCC who underwent second-line treatment with lenvatinib (LEN) or sorafenib (SOR) after AB failure at two academic centers between June 2018 and November 2023.

Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer 2024: An Evidence-based, Multidisciplinary Approach (Update of 2022 Guideline).

Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in both Korea and worldwide. Since 2004, the Korean Practice Guidelines for Gastric Cancer have been regularly updated, with the 4th edition published in 2022. The 4th edition was the result of a collaborative work by an interdisciplinary team, including experts in gastric surgery, gastroenterology, endoscopy, medical oncology, abdominal radiology, pathology, nuclear medicine, radiation oncology, and guideline development methodology.

Roasted Inhibits Aβ25-35-Induced Oxidative Stress in Neuronal Cells by Activating the Nrf2/HO-1 and AKT/CREB/BDNF Pathways.

(1) Background: (AM) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, but its specific mechanism of action in the brain is still unclear. In this study, we developed a roasting process to maximize the cognitive improvement impact of AM. We focused on enhancing physiological activity to enhance the brain neuron protection effect and alleviate neuronal damage caused by neurodegenerative diseases.

Survival outcomes of patients with gastric cancer treated with first-line nivolumab plus chemotherapy based on claudin 18.2 expression.

Background: Claudin 18.2 has emerged as a viable therapeutic target in gastric cancer; however, its clinical relevance in the context of immune checkpoint inhibitor-based chemotherapy is not known. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of nivolumab plus chemotherapy according to claudin 18.

exhibits anti-neuroinflammatory potential against beta-amyloid-induced toxicity in microglia cells.

Background/objectives: (PG) is used in traditional oriental medicine to treat several ailments.

Methods: The study investigated the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of PGW () extract in Aβ25-35-induced inflammation in BV2 microglia cells.

Result: PGW demonstrated significant inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production, with reductions of 30.

Heterogeneity of claudin 18.2 expression in metastatic gastric cancer.

Claudin 18.2 has emerged as a viable therapeutic target in gastric cancer (GC), but little is known about the heterogeneity of its expression in GC. This study investigated the heterogeneity of claudin 18.

Platycodon grandiflorum root extract inhibits Aβ deposition by breaking the vicious circle linking oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease accompanied by irreversible cognitive impairment. A deleterious feedback loop between oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in early AD exacerbates AD-related pathology. Platycodon grandiflorum root extract (PGE) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in several organs.