Human cytomegalovirus long non-coding RNA counteracts nuclear cGAS to facilitate immune evasion.

Viruses have evolved diverse immune evasion strategies, including the targeting of host pattern recognition receptors. The role of viral non-coding RNAs in modulating pattern recognition receptor activity is unclear. Here we show that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) produces long non-coding RNA4.

Artificial intelligence models predicting abnormal uterine bleeding after COVID-19 vaccination.

The rapid deployment of COVID-19 vaccines has necessitated the ongoing surveillance of adverse events, with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) emerging as a reported concern in vaccinated females. We aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict post-vaccination AUB in women aged less than 50 years. A large-scale national cohort, the Korean Nationwide Cohort (K-COV-N cohort), was utilized, comprising over 7 million participants.

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Substance Use in Adolescents in Three Independent Worldwide Cohorts: Algorithm Development and Validation Study.

Background: To address gaps in global understanding of cultural and social variations, this study used a high-performance machine learning (ML) model to predict adolescent substance use across three national datasets.

Objective: This study aims to develop a generalizable predictive model for adolescent substance use using multinational datasets and ML.

Methods: The study used the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey (KYRBS) from South Korea (n=1,098,641) to train ML models.

Iron as a Sulfidation-Resistant Current Collector for Negative Electrode in Sulfide-Based All-Solid-Batteries.

The demand for all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) featuring credible LiPSCl argyrodite (LPSCl) electrolytes is increasing, driving interest in exploring suitable current collectors for ASSBs. Copper (Cu), used as a current collector in traditional lithium-ion batteries, exhibits significant instability in LPSCl-ASSBs. In this study, the effectiveness of iron (Fe) is systematically investigated as an alternative current collector in LPSCl-ASSBs and compare its performance to that of Cu.

Global trends of secondhand smoke exposure among young adolescents from 27 countries, 2003-2021: findings from the World Health Organization database.

The issue of adolescent secondhand smoke (SHS) is globally significant, given that it serves as a preventable risk factor for disease prevalence and mortality rates among youth. This study evaluates trends in adolescent SHS across 27 countries from 2003 to 2021, aiming to identify global variations and sex-specific differences, providing insights for future policy recommendations. The data for this study were collected from the Global School-based Student Health Survey conducted by the World Health Organization, 2003-2021.

National trends in thyroid disease and COVID-19 pandemic-related factors, 1998-2021: A nationwide representative study in South Korea.

Objective: Although thyroid disease is a common condition, there is limited research examining the prevalence of thyroid disease over a long period of time, including both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to investigate sociodemographic aspects that might be associated with thyroid disease and how its prevalence has varied during the pandemic.

Methods: We assessed the prevalence of thyroid disease among Korean adults by using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1998 to 2021.

Risks of cutaneous immune-related adverse events in long COVID: Multinational cohort studies in South Korea, Japan, and the UK.

Previous research has not investigated the persistent cutaneous immune-related adverse events (cirAEs) related to long COVID to investigate the long-term sequelae. This multinational study, using a propensity-matched overlap weighting method, utilizes large national claims-based cohorts, using ICD-10 code diagnosis, focusing on patients aged ≥20 years from three countries: South Korean, Japanese, and the British cohorts. To estimate the risk of cirAEs in long COVID, the persistence or emergence of cirAEs occurring 4 weeks after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, we employed a Cox proportional hazard regression model.

National prevalence of atopic dermatitis in Korean adolescents from 2009 to 2022.

Previous studies have examined the prevalence of allergic diseases in adolescents 1-2 years after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, more data is needed to understand the long-term impact of COVID-19 on allergic diseases. Thus, we aimed to examine the trend of the atopic dermatitis prevalence in Korean adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic across 14 years.

Investigating family resilience factors for enhancing family adaptation in children with epilepsy.

Purpose: To identify and understand the key family resilience factors that contribute to the improved family adaptation of children with epilepsy.

Methods: Parent of children with epilepsy treated in the outpatient unit and general ward at Severance Children's Hospital in Seoul, Korea, completed a structured online questionnaire between April and May 2023. This study examined risk (epilepsy severity, time since diagnosis, parental depression, and perceived stigma) and protective factors (child temperament, epilepsy knowledge, family communication skills, parent's educational level, monthly household income, and social support) of family adaptation based on Patterson's Family Resilience Model.

National trends of allergic diseases and pandemic-related factors among individuals with obesity in South Korea: A nationwide representative serial study, 2005-2021.

Background: Although obesity is known to be related to allergic diseases, few studies have investigated the prevalence of allergic diseases in individuals with obesity, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, this study aimed to analyze national trends of allergic diseases among individuals with obesity and sociodemographic factors.

Methods: This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to examine the prevalence of allergic diseases among individuals with obesity in South Korea from 2005 to 2021.

Differential microRNA profiles in elderly males with seborrheic dermatitis.

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is one of the most common skin diseases characterized by inflammatory symptoms and cell proliferation, which has increased incidence in patients older than 50 years. Although the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been investigated in several diseases, miRNA profiles of patients with SD remain unknown. This study aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in lesions of elderly male patients with SD.

Health-Screening-Based Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Its Effect on Cardiovascular Disease Risk.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is considered a major cause of death worldwide, and various studies have been conducted for its early diagnosis. Our work developed a scoring system by predicting and validating COPD and performed predictive model implementations. Participants who underwent a health screening between 2017 and 2020 were extracted from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) database.

Neural correlates of dual-task walking in people with central neurological disorders: a systematic review.

Background: People with central neurological disorders experience difficulties with dual-task walking due to disease-related impairments. The objective of this review was to provide a comprehensive examination of the neural correlates (structural/functional brain changes) of dual-task walking in people with Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, and Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted, following PRISMA guidelines, on Medline, Embase, and Scopus.

Lead-Sealed Stretchable Underwater Perovskite-Based Optoelectronics Self-Recovering Polymeric Nanomaterials.

To harness the full potential of halide perovskite based optoelectronics, biological safety, compatibility with flexible/stretchable platforms, and operational stability must be guaranteed. Despite substantial efforts, none has come close to providing a solution that encompasses all of these requirements. To address these issues, we devise a multifunctional encapsulation scheme utilizing hydrogen bond-based self-recovering polymeric nanomaterials as an alternative for conventional glass-based encapsulation.

Prefrontal Cortex Involvement during Dual-Task Stair Climbing in Healthy Older Adults: An fNIRS Study.

Executive function and motor control deficits adversely affect gait performance with age, but the neural correlates underlying this interaction during stair climbing remains unclear. Twenty older adults (72.7 ± 6.

The Partner Switching System of the SigF Sigma Factor in and Induction of the SigF Regulon Under Respiration-Inhibitory Conditions.

The partner switching system (PSS) of the SigF regulatory pathway in has been previously demonstrated to include the anti-sigma factor RsbW (MSMEG_1803) and two anti-sigma factor antagonists RsfA and RsfB. In this study, we further characterized two additional RsbW homologs and revealed the distinct roles of three RsbW homologs [RsbW1 (MSMEG_1803), RsbW2 (MSMEG_6129), and RsbW3 (MSMEG_1787)] in the SigF PSS. RsbW1 and RsbW2 serve as the anti-sigma factor of SigF and the protein kinase phosphorylating RsfB, respectively, while RsbW3 functions as an anti-SigF antagonist through its protein interaction with RsbW1.

Benzodiazepine-Related Cognitive Impairment or Dementia: A Signal Detection Study Using a Case/Non-Case Approach.

Objective: The association between benzodiazepine use and the risk of cognitive impairment or dementia has been controversial. Our study aims to detect this association through a case/non-case method using the Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management-Korea adverse event reporting system database (KIDS-KD) between 2007 and 2016.

Methods: Cases were adverse event (AE)-pairs with suspected cognitive impairment or dementia.

Signal detection of human papillomavirus vaccines using the Korea Adverse Events Reporting System database, between 2005 and 2016.

Background Adverse events (AEs) not listed on drug labels have recently been reported in young girls vaccinated against HPV, but signal detection related to the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine has never been conducted in South Korea using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System database of Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management at Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Objective To analyze signals associated with HPV vaccines using the Korean spontaneous AEs reporting system and data-mining methods and compare the results to current vaccine label information in South Korea and the United States of America, United Kingdom, European Union, and Japan to detect signals not currently listed on the labels. Setting We evaluated the Korea Institute of Drug Safety & Risk Management database from January 2005 to December 2016.

Characteristics and trends of spontaneous reporting of therapeutic ineffectiveness in South Korea from 2000 to 2016.

Therapeutic ineffectiveness involves drug-related therapeutic failure, inefficacy or resistance and has not been sufficiently studied. Objective of our study was to evaluate reporting trends in therapeutic ineffectiveness by year and describe factors affecting therapeutic ineffectiveness using the Korea Adverse Event Reporting System. Proportion of therapeutic ineffectiveness reports was based on total submitted reports between 2000 and 2016.

Differential completeness of spontaneous adverse event reports among hospitals/clinics, pharmacies, consumers, and pharmaceutical companies in South Korea.

The differential pattern and characteristics of completeness in adverse event (AE) reports generated by hospitals/clinics, pharmacies, consumer and pharmaceutical companies remain unknown. Thus, we identified the characteristics of complete AE reports, compared with those of incomplete AE reports, using a completeness score. We used Korea Institute of Drug Safety and Risk Management-Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database (KIDS-KD) between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016.