Trehalose-loaded LNPs enhance mRNA stability and bridge in vitro in vivo efficacy gap.

Lyophilization enhances mRNA vaccine stability, but conventional approaches using external trehalose for lipid nanoparticle (LNP) colloidal stability neglect mRNA chemical degradation and are compromised in vivo efficacy. Here, we report a dual-function trehalose strategy integrating its external and internal roles within LNP. This strategy enables trehalose to externally form a vitrified matrix that preserves LNP colloidal integrity, while internally stabilizing mRNA through hydrogen bonding, markedly reducing chemical degradation during storage compared to LNP relying solely on externally added trehalose.

Comorbid Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Tuberculosis: A Case Study and Global Perspective.

A 27-year-old man presented with a cough and progressive limb weakness. Initially diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, he showed improvement in his cough after antituberculosis treatment (ATT). However, he subsequently developed worsening weakness and numbness in his lower limbs, leading to mobility loss and difficulty swallowing.

Effect and molecular mechanism of Sulforaphane alleviates brain damage caused by acute carbon monoxide poisoning:Network pharmacology analysis, molecular docking, and experimental evidence.

Sulforaphane (SFN) has attracted much attention due to its ability on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, while its functional targets and underlying mechanism of action on brain injury caused by acute carbon monoxide poisoning (ACOP) have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we used a systematic network pharmacology approach to explore the mechanism of SFN in the treatment of brain damage after ACOP. In this study, the results of network pharmacology demonstrated that there were a total of 81 effective target genes of SFN and 36 drug-disease targets, which were strongly in connection with autophagy-animal signaling pathway, drug metabolism, and transcription disorders in cancer.

Early predictors of brain injury in patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning and the neuroprotection of mild hypothermia.

Introduction: Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning can cause serious neurological sequelae. However, there is neither effective treatment strategy nor reliable indicators to determine the prognosis of patients with CO poisoning. The present study aimed to observe the changes of neurological function score, disease severity score, cerebral oxygen utilization (OUCc), bispectral (BIS) index and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) concentration, and to elucidate the clinical significance of these potential indicators and the neuroprotective effect of mild hypothermia on brain injury in patients with severe acute CO poisoning.

Therapeutic effect and molecular mechanism of Salvia Miltiorrhiza on rats with acute brain injury after carbon monoxide poisoning based on the strategy of internet pharmacology.

The pathogenesis of brain injury caused by carbon monoxide poisoning (COP) is very complex, and there is no exact and reliable treatment in clinic. In the present study, we screened the therapeutic target and related signal pathway of Salvia Miltiorrhiza for acute COP brain injury, and clarified the pharmacological mechanism of multicomponent, multitarget, and multisignal pathway in Salvia Miltiorrhiza by network pharmacology. To further verify the therapeutic effect of Salvia Miltiorrhiza on acute brain injury based on the results of network analysis, a total of 216 male healthy Sprague Dawley rats were collected in the present study and randomly assigned to a normal control group, a COP group and a Tanshinone IIA sulfonate treatment group (72 rats in each group).

[Effects of activated coke on soil properties and growth of two plant species in saline alkali soil in northern Shanxi Province, China.].

Solid waste-based improver is one of the effective means to improve properties of saline-alkali soil. As a kind of porous waste, activated coke is expected to improve soil properties and alleviate salt-alkali stress. In order to understand the improvement effect of activated coke on saline alkali land in northern Shanxi Province, we examined the effects of different addition rates of activated coke (CK, 0 g·kg; A, 10 g·kg; A, 20 g·kg; A, 50 g·kg) on the properties of saline alkali soil and the growth of two plant species.

Strontium Ranelate Combined with Insulin Is as Beneficial as Insulin Alone in Treatment of Fracture Healing in Ovariectomized Diabetic Rats.

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and estrogen deficiency both predispose fracture patients to increased risk of delayed union or nonunion. The present study investigated the effects of strontium ranelate (SR) on fracture healing in ovariectomized (OVX) diabetic rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS A mid-shaft fracture was established in female normal control (CF), diabetic (DF), and OVX diabetic (DOF) rats.

Effects of human parathyroid hormone 1-34 on bone loss and lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in ovariectomized rats.

Purpose: Lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration is a common cause of lower back pain that affects the physical and mental health of patients and increases social burden. Parathyroid hormone has been reported to be effective at inhibiting disc degeneration; however, these effects have not been fully established in vivo in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Thus, in this study, we aimed to address this issue and examine the effects of parathyroid hormone treatment in OVX rats.

Orally administered simvastatin partially preserves lumbar vertebral bone mass but not integrity of intervertebral discs in ovariectomized rats.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of orally administered simvastatin on lumbar vertebral bone mass and intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. A total of 30 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to either bilateral ovariectomy (n=20) or sham surgery (n=10). After 12 weeks, the OVX rats were orally administered either saline vehicle (OVX + V group; n=10), or 5 mg/kg/day simvastatin (OVX + SIM group; n=10).

Strontium ranelate causes osteophytes overgrowth in a model of early phase osteoarthritis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) involves cartilage changes as well as modifications of subchondral bone and synovial tissues. Strontium ranelate (SR), an anti-osteoporosis compound, which is currently in phase III clinical trial for treatment of OA. Evidences suggest that SR preferably deposited in osteophyte, other than in subchondral bone in early phase of OA.

Alendronate Prevents Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Adjacent to a Lumbar Fusion in Ovariectomized Rats.

Study Design: A model of disc degeneration adjacent to a lumbar fusion in osteoporotic rats.

Objective: We determined the effect of alendronate (ALN) on the disc degeneration adjacent to a lumbar fusion in ovariectomized rats.

Summary Of Background Data: Adjacent-segment disc degeneration (ASDD) is one of the negative sequelae of spinal fusion.

Enhancement of Lumbar Fusion and Alleviation of Adjacent Segment Disc Degeneration by Intermittent PTH(1-34) in Ovariectomized Rats.

Osteoporosis, which is prevalent in postmenopausal or aged populations, is thought to be a contributing factor to adjacent segment disc degeneration (ASDD), and the incidence and extent of ASDD may be augmented by osteopenia. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (1-34) has already been shown to be beneficial in osteoporosis, lumbar fusion and matrix homeostasis of intervertebral discs. However, whether PTH(1-34) has a reversing or retarding effect on ASDD in osteopenia has not been confirmed.

The inhibitory effect of salmon calcitonin on intervertebral disc degeneration in an ovariectomized rat model.

Purpose: Intervertebral disc degeneration related to postmenopausal osteoporosis is an important issue in spinal disorder research. This study aimed to investigate the effects of salmon calcitonin (sCT), as an antiresorptive medication, on lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration using a rat ovariectomy (OVX) model.

Methods: Thirty 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: the sham-operated (Sham) group and two ovariectomized groups treated with vehicle (OVX+V) or sCT (OVX+CT; 16 IU/kg, sc) on alternate days for 6 months.

Age dependent changes in cartilage matrix, subchondral bone mass, and estradiol levels in blood serum, in naturally occurring osteoarthritis in Guinea pigs.

The Dunkin Hartley (DH) guinea pig is a widely used naturally occurring osteoarthritis model. The aim of this study was to provide detailed evidence of age-related changes in articular cartilage, subchondral bone mineral density, and estradiol levels. We studied the female Dunkin Hartley guinea pigs at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age (eight animals in each group).

An increase in the incidence of hip fractures in Tangshan, China.

Unlabelled: We determined the number and incidence of hip fractures in Tangshan, China, in 2010. Compared with data we reported in Tangshan from 1994, the crude and age-specific incidence increased significantly for both sexes, especially in women. Strategies are needed for effective fracture prevention in the future.

Alendronate retards the progression of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration in ovariectomized rats.

Objective: Increasing evidence has revealed a positive correlation between postmenopausal osteoporosis and intervertebral disc degeneration, the underlying mechanism of which might be associated with changes in the vertebral bone and endplate. Alendronate (ALN) can increase bone mass and improve the microstructure of osteoporotic vertebrae, which might be helpful in preserving disc morphology and mechanical properties. This study aims to investigate the effects of ALN on lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration related to osteoporosis using an ovariectomized (OVX) rat model.

[Experimental study on tissue engineering platelet lysates in the promotion of bone reconstruction].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of tissue engineered allogeneic platelet lysates (PL) upon bone reconstruction.

Methods: After preparation of recombinant material with PL, allogeneic decalcified bone granules (ADBG) and collagen type I (CG), 30 healthy Wistar rats were used to prepare the bilateral bone defects in femoral condyles. The defects were filled with equivalent PL/ADBG/CG, ADBG/CG and CG in different groups of A, B and C (with 10 rats each) respectively.

Effects of ovariectomy and 17beta-estradiol treatment on the renin-angiotensin system, blood pressure, and endothelial ultrastructure.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), nitric oxide (NO), atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), blood pressure (BP), ultrastructural characteristics, and endothelium-dependent relaxation of thoracic aorta were modulated by the estrogen level. Rats were divided into 3 groups: ovariectomized (OVX); not ovariectomized (sham); and ovariectomized and treated with subcutaneous 17beta-estradiol (15 microg/kg/day, OVX+E(2)) (n=15-17 per group). For 13 weeks after surgery, blood pressure, serum estrogen, NO, plasma angiotensin II (Ang II), ANP, and renin activity levels were monitored.

17Beta-oestradiol regulates the expression of Na+/K+-ATPase beta1-subunit, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase and carbonic anhydrase iv in H9C2 cells.

1. It is necessary to improve our understanding of the effect of 17beta-oestradiol (E2) on the heart at a molecular and cellular level. In the present study, the effects of E2 on Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) and carbonic anhydrase IV (CAIV) in H9C2 cells were investigated.

Effect of variation in 5'-regulatory region of insulin receptor substrate-1 gene on gene expression.

Unlabelled: OBJECTIVE; To determine the effect of a variation of CAG-rich region, which was found in the 5'-regulatory sequence of insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS-1) gene in Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) patients, on gene expression and its mechanism.

Methods: The recombinants, pGL2.P-T3 and pGL2.

[Application of allogeneic bone in surgical treatment of benign bone neoplasm].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes of allogeneic bone grafting for bone defect resulting from benign neoplasm resection and discuss the clinical application and bone defect repair mechanisms of allogeneic bone.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 135 patients with benign neoplasm resection who received bone defect filling with the allogeneic bone graft.

Results: In the 104 patients with complete clinical follow-up data, 96 achieved bone union, 7 experienced relapses to require surgical intervention and 1 had severe infection to lead to failure of the operation.

Adult islets cultured in collagen gel transdifferentiate into duct-like cells.

Aim: To establish a model of islet-ductal cell transdifferentiation to identify the transdifferentiated cells.

Methods: Collagen was extracted from rat tail at first. Purified rat islets were divided into three groups, embedded in collagen gel and incubated respectively in DMEM/F12 alone (control group), DMEM/F12 plus epidermal growth factor (EGF), DMEM/F12 plus EGF and cholera toxin (CT).