Association between free water and longitudinal dynamics of recent small subcortical infarcts: a study based on diffusion tensor imaging.

The mechanisms underlying the different morphological evolution of recent small subcortical infarcts (RSSIs)-ranging from cavitation to complete disappearance-remain incompletely understood. Free water (FW), derived from diffusion tensor image, has emerged as a sensitive marker reflecting various pathophysiological processes that may influence RSSI evolution. This study aimed to investigate whether baseline FW measures and their longitudinal changes are associated with the morphological evolution of RSSIs.

Characterization of BpLPMO10 from Bacillus paralicheniformis: A bi-functional AA10 LPMO with chitin-preferential activity and strong exo-enzyme synergy.

LPMOs are copper metalloenzymes that facilitate the conversion of challenging polysaccharides like cellulose and chitin. This study focuses on the AA10 family LPMO gene (BpLPMO10) cloned from the chitin-degrading bacterium Bacillus paralicheniformis and expressed in Escherichia coli. Using the 2,6-DMP assay, the optimal reaction conditions for BpLPMO10 were determined to be pH 8.

Maintaining the Quality and Nutritional Integrity of Chilled : Comparative Effects and Mechanisms of Modified Atmosphere Packaging and UV-Based Interventions.

() is widely recognized for its bioactive compounds and associated health benefits. However, due to its delicate nature, conventional chilled storage often results in the rapid degradation of valuable compounds, leading to loss of nutritional value and overall quality. This study integrated and evaluated comprehensive strategies: three gas-conditioning and two light-based preservation methods for maintaining both quality and nutritional integrity during 12-day chilled storage at 4 °C.

Behavioral and Proteomics Studies on the Regulation of Response Speed in Mice by Whey Protein Hydrolysate Intervention.

Response speed refers to an individual's ability to perceive and react to harmful stimuli, which can vary due to genetics, neural regulation, and environmental factors. Our previous study demonstrated that whey protein hydrolysate was a potential means to enhance cognitive function. This study used a variety of behavioral methods to evaluate the functional effects of whey protein hydrolysate on improving reaction speed, and revealed its potential mechanisms through proteomics analysis.

Oxidation alters bioactivity of myofibrillar proteins digests: Evidence from ROS generation and inflammatory response in Caco-2 cells, and peptide transport in Caco-2 monolayer model.

Protein oxidation during storage of fish is inevitable and irreversible. While consumption of oxidized myofibrillar proteins (MPs) may cause cellular damage, direct evidence remains lacking. This study investigated the effects of digests from oxidized MPs collected from bighead carp on Caco-2 cell viability, oxidative and inflammatory responses.

Exploring the quality changes of carp roes: perspective from flavor characteristics and microstructure.

Freshwater fish roes possess high nutritional value but exhibit limited industrial utilization due to their pronounced fishy flavor. This study aimed to investigate the improvement in fishy flavor and changes in the texture of carp roe under different heating conditions. Results demonstrated that increasing heating temperature and time significantly reduced fishy-flavored compounds (nonanal, (E, E)-2,4-nonadienal), as well as grassy and fruity compounds (hexanal, E-2-octenal) compared with fresh roe.

as a promising natural preservative against fish spoilage bacteria through i006Ehibition of planktonic growth and biofilm formation.

Strategies to control spoilage bacteria and biofilm formation are essential for minimizing food losses. Although (OG) effectively preserves chill-stored fish, its specific inhibitory mechanisms against fish-derived spoilage bacteria remain unclear. This study investigated the antibacterial activity of OG against , , and .

Variations in oxidation profiles of myofibrillar protein from silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) by frozen storage and hydroxyl radicals: A proteomic insight.

Hypothesizing that myofibrillar proteins (MPs) exhibit different oxidation susceptibility, this study compared the structural disintegration and oxidation profiles of fish MPs induced by frozen storage and hydroxyl radicals. Results show that both treatments generated similar levels of carbonyls (∼3.0 nmol/mg) and thiols (∼4.

LncRNA TMEM99 Complexes with IGF2BP2 to Inhibit Autophagy in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the most common type of lung cancer, has a poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a key role in LUAD progression, yet the biological role of lncRNA TMEM99 remains unexplored. In this study, its function in inhibiting autophagy in LUAD is explored.

Genomic Insights of Biosynthetic Potential from Actinoalloteichus caeruleus LHW52806, a Promising Actinomycete for Natural Product Discovery.

Actinoalloteichus caeruleus, the type species of the rare actinomycete genus Actinoalloteichus, was found to produce various classes of bioactive compounds including bipyridine, β-carboline and cyclolipopeptides. Although the chemistry of natural products from A. caeruleus has been well studied over the past two decades, the complete genomes of this talent species along with its secondary metabolic potential was poorly reported.

Assessment of diffusivity along the perivascular space in early- and late-onset Alzheimer's disease.

BackgroundCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) dynamics plays a key role in clearing soluble amyloid-β from the brain, which may impact Alzheimer's disease (AD) onset.ObjectiveThis study seeks to differentiate cerebrospinal fluid dysfunction between early-onset AD (EOAD) and late-onset AD (LOAD) subtypes and to examine their associations with brain changes and cognitive function.MethodsWe performed in vivo imaging measurements on 40 EOAD patients, 38 LOAD patients, 69 age-matched young normal controls (YNC), and 60 old normal controls (ONC).

Machine learning-guided anti-photoaging peptides from Chinese giant salamander skin: Efficient preparation and mechanistic insights.

Collagen peptides are ubiquitously applied in food systems for their versatile bioactivities but face constraints from labor-intensive enzymatic screening and zoonotic risks from terrestrial sources. This study developed machine learning (ML) models to optimize enzymatic hydrolysis of Chinese giant salamander skin (GSS) for anti-photoaging peptides. An artificial neural network (ANN) outperformed random forest models in predicting elastase inhibition rate (EIR) (ANN R = 0.

Ultrasound-assisted, machine learning-optimized extraction of silver carp viscera fish oil and microencapsulation via complex coacervation.

Silver carp viscera, a lipid‑rich byproduct typically discarded, poses environmental pollution and resource wastage. Utilizing this byproduct for fish oil extraction offers a sustainable alternative; however, conventional enzymatic methods are inefficient, labor‑intensive to optimize, and yield oil susceptible to rapid oxidation. For the first time, this study developed an integrated ultrasound pretreatment and artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN‑GA) strategy to maximize fish oil extraction efficiency, followed by microencapsulation in gelatin-hexametaphosphate complex coacervation microcapsules (GSM).

Actin-myosin complex dissociation initiates programmed cell death during cold storage of grass carp muscle.

Cytoskeletal integrity is a critical determinant of postmortem cellular stability in muscle tissues, yet its regulatory role in initiating cell death remains poorly defined. In this study, we applied integrated 4D proteomics, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting to investigate cytoskeletal disassembly and programmed cell death pathways in refrigerated grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) muscle. Results showed that actin-myosin complex dissociation and the upregulation of remodeling proteins (CFL2, TWF2, ARPC4) occurred prior to the activation of apoptosis-related proteins (CAPN1, UCHL1) and cytochrome c release.

Integrative omics analysis: Effects of stir-frying with clamshell powder on the physicochemical properties of fish maw.

Fish maw (FM), the dried swim bladders of fish, is highly valued for its nutritional and pharmacological properties due to its high collagen content, a source of fish gelatin. In traditional Chinese medicine, FM is typically processed with clamshell powder (CP), called CP-FM. This study evaluated the effects of stir-frying FM with CP on its physicochemical properties.

Association of Superficial White Matter Microstructure With Cortical Pathology Deposition Across Early Stages of the AD Continuum.

Background And Objectives: β-amyloid (Aβ) and tau, 2 prominent pathologies of Alzheimer disease (AD), originate in cortical regions and primarily affect, and even spread along, the white matter tracts directly connected to these cortical regions. Superficial white matter (SWM), containing short-range association connections beneath the cortex, has been affected in mild cognitive impairment and AD, with gaps in understanding the disease's early stages. We perform a detailed investigation of individual SWM connections with cortical pathology deposition and cognition in the early stages of the AD continuum.

Resveratrol-myosin interaction: A novel strategy for mitigating quality deterioration in frozen sturgeon surimi.

Sturgeon meat, with a lipid content nearly four times that of silver carp, is highly susceptible to lipid and protein oxidation during frozen storage, leading to quality deterioration. We selected resveratrol (RES) from 32 polyphenols and identified its efficiency for preserving sturgeon surimi during 160 days at -20 °C. RES significantly inhibited lipid and protein oxidation, reduced myofibrillar protein (MP) degradation, and stabilized α-helix and β-sheet structures.

Relationship between cerebrospinal fluid circulation markers, brain degeneration, and cognitive impairment in cerebral amyloid angiopathy.

Objectives: To investigate whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation markers alter in patients with probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy (pCAA) and whether they are associated with brain degeneration and cognitive impairment.

Methods: We screened pCAA patients from the ADNI3 database according to the Boston 2.0 Criteria.

Oxygen extraction fraction in small vessel disease: relationship to disease burden and progression.

Chronic hypoperfusion has been considered a major mechanism of cerebral small vessel disease. Nonetheless, brain tissue may increase oxygen extraction fraction to mitigate hypoxia and delay parenchymal damage. This study aims to investigate oxygen extraction fraction in cerebral small vessel disease and understand its relationship to disease burden and progression.

Valorization of marine crustacean shells waste via fermentation technology: A comprehensive review on derived value-added compounds and enhancing their industrial applications.

Crustacean processing industries represent the largest segment of global seafood production due to their high demand and considerable commercial value. The crustacean processing sectors annually generate tremendous amounts of waste streams, such as shells, that their disposal and management pose serious challenges. Crustacean shell waste (CSW) contains large amounts of chitin, chitosan, astaxanthin, minerals, bioactive peptides and amino acids, and their improper management leads to both nutritional loss and environmental hazard crisis.

Impact of High-Pressure Processing on Prevention of Quality Loss and Spoilage Bacteria Diversity in Precooked Baby Clam () During Refrigerated Storage.

The influence of high-pressure processing (HPP) at 200, 400, and 600 MPa on spoilage bacterial diversity, microbial load, and chemical and sensory properties of the precooked edible portion of baby clam (PC-EP) was investigated. HPP at 400 MPa for 4 min (400 MPa) significantly prolonged shelf life and sensory acceptability up to 12 days, maintaining a total viable count (TVC) below 6 log CFU/g. In contrast, the TVC of both the control (without HPP treatment) and 200 MPa-treated samples exceeded this limit by day 0 and 3, respectively.

Synergistic Effects of Selected Nonthermal Technologies Combined with Soursop Leaf Extract on the Quality and Shelf Life of Refrigerated Pacific White Shrimp.

The effectiveness of multi-targeted treatments including pulsed electric field (PEF), soursop leaf extract (SLE), vacuum impregnation (VI), and modified atmosphere packaging (MAP), with and without cold plasma (CP) treatment, on the quality and shelf life of Pacific white shrimp () during refrigerated storage for 21 days was investigated. PEF inhibited melanosis and reduced the initial bacterial load, as evidenced by lower melanosis scores and total bacterial counts in the treated samples. Integrating 1% SLE through VI effectively lowered color alteration, retarded melanosis, and preserved textural integrity in the SLE-treated samples ( < 0.

Crosstalk between mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress in apoptosis: Implications for grass carp flesh quality during cold storage.

The rapid degradation of fish flesh quality during cold storage poses significant challenges for the aquatic food industry. This study investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) flesh degradation, focusing on mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Using 4D proteomics, we identified key apoptotic pathways, including the activation of caspase-9 and the unfolded protein response (UPR), which highlighted the crosstalk between mitochondria and ER during cold storage.

Photo-induced decarboxylative radical cascade cyclization of unactivated alkenes: access to CF- and CF-substituted ring-fused imidazoles.

A mild and effective visible-light-induced decarboxylative radical cascade reaction of olefin-containing imidazoles with α-fluorinated carboxylic acids as building blocks containing CF or ArCF moieties, has been developed to afford a series of monofluoromethylated or aryldifluoromethylated polycyclic imidazoles in medium to excellent yields with features of simple operation, available raw materials, and wide substrate scopes. In addition, the mechanistic experiments indicated that the methodology involved a radical pathway.

Association Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the Aquaporin-4 Gene and Longitudinal Changes in White Matter Free Water and Cognitive Function in Non-Demented Older Adults.

We investigated whether aquaporin-4 (AQP4) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influence Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression through changes in the glymphatic system. We included 242 non-dementia participants and chose six SNPs previously shown to be related to AD. We analyzed the associations between AQP4 SNPs and glymphatic markers, including enlarged perivascular spaces (PVS), white matter free water (FW), and diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS), in both cross-sectional and longitudinal data.