Serosurveillance of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus antibodies in livestock as a reservoir for human infection in Afghanistan.

Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic tick-borne viral infection causing hemorrhages and fever in humans. Infected livestock typically do not display clinical signs. The current study was performed to investigate the CCHF virus IgG antibody seroprevalence and to analyze the risk factors related to its prevalence in ruminants from southern (Kandahar), western (Herat) and northern (Balkh) zones of Afghanistan.

Energy-efficient neuromorphic system using novel tunnel FET based LIF neuron design for adaptable threshold logic and image analysis applications.

In this study, a novel tunable dopingless band-to-band tunneling mechanism based Leaky Integrate and Fire (LIF) neuron is proposed with a notable improvement in integration density and energy consumption. The forward transfer characteristics of Tunnel FET with sharp sub-threshold swing have been utilised to simulate the neural activity. The simulations performed using Atlas 2D software confirm that the proposed TFET can effectively replicate the spiking behavior of a biological neuron, eliminating the need for additional circuitry, in addition to offering tunable features.

Polyurethane packed graphene-coated spider silk by dip-casting for a highly stretchable strain sensor.

In recent years, naturally occurring materials have gained tremendous attention for their potential in the fabrication of advanced wearable electronic devices. Among these materials, spider silk is well-known for its outstanding mechanical strength and physical properties. Leveraging these attributes, a highly stretchable strain sensor was developed in this work utilizing polyurethane packed graphene-coated spider silk fabricated through a simple dip-casting method.

Inhospital Ischemic Stroke with Typical and Atypical Risk Factors.

Inhospital ischemic stroke has more mortality, more disability, and greater severity compared to community-onset stroke. We present a case of a 40-year-old male who reported to the emergency room (ER) with breathlessness and later developed a stroke during the course of his stay in the hospital. We noted multiple comorbidities and risk factors that could have resulted in the stroke.

Prevalence and histopathological analysis of cystic echinococcosis in ruminants of District Narowal, Pakistan: focus on pulmonary involvement.

A total of 384 animals (sheep, goat, cattle, and buffalo) were examined for the presence of hydatid cysts only in the lungs. The lung tissue samples associated with the hydatid cyst were collected immediately after slaughter, followed by fixation in 10% formalin. The fixed tissue was subjected to paraffin embedding technique.

An overview of critical applications of resistive random access memory.

The rapid advancement of new technologies has resulted in a surge of data, while conventional computers are nearing their computational limits. The prevalent von Neumann architecture, where processing and storage units operate independently, faces challenges such as data migration through buses, leading to decreased computing speed and increased energy loss. Ongoing research aims to enhance computing capabilities through the development of innovative chips and the adoption of new system architectures.

Assessment of Different Indices as Predictors of Difficult Airway in Obese Patients.

Introduction Difficulties with tracheal intubation contribute to the morbidity and mortality associated with anesthesia. Suggested predictors for difficult airway include, history of obstructive sleep apnea, high Mallampati score, elderly, male, short neck, and high Wilson score. However, none of these has high diagnostic accuracy particularly in obese population.

Stegomyia indices and pattern recognition of (: ) in selected agrogeoclimatic zones of Punjab, Pakistan.

Mosquito-borne diseases especially, dengue is gaining currency nowadays in Pakistan. As there is no approved dengue vaccine available worldwide, prevention and control of vector is the only solution amid prevailing circumstances. The present study is a maiden attempt to screen indoor and outdoor breeding containers for the presence of Aedes () aegypti larvae from selected study districts of Punjab, Pakistan i.

Inflicting Significant Losses in Slaughtered Animals: Exposing the Hidden Effects of Parasitic Infections.

We started a campaign in the heart of Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan, to expose the hidden threats of parasitic illnesses in ruminants and the severe financial consequences associated with them. Our in-depth investigations focused on the prevalence, impact, and astounding financial losses brought on by organ contamination in slaughtered animals. Of the 384 slaughtered ruminants examined for gastrointestinal parasites, a prevalence of 44.

PET waste management in Pakistan through use of PET shreds as additive in backfill soil.

The management of waste plastic bottles is one of the major environmental challenges in the world. Plastic bottles are composed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is non-biodegradable, resulting in environmental problems. Various studies have been carried out on the use of waste PET bottles in the form of custom-made strips as a stabilizer.

A Comparative Study of Morphine and Clonidine as an Adjunct to Ropivacaine in Paravertebral Block for Modified Radical Mastectomy.

Background General anesthesia (GA) is a standard for breast malignant surgery. The issue of postoperative pain as well as the high occurrence of nausea and vomiting have prompted the quest for a superior methodology for tormenting the executives with fewer complications. Over the most recent couple of years, paravertebral block (PVB) has acquired huge fame either in combination with GA or alone for anesthetic management.

Validation of the Postnatal Growth and Retinopathy of Prematurity (GROP) screening criteria.

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in infants. The Postnatal Growth and ROP (G-ROP) study proposed new screening criteria for ROP. This study aimed to validate the G-ROP screening criteria in a group of Iranian premature infants who were treated in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for at least 40 days.

Emerging memristive artificial neuron and synapse devices for the neuromorphic electronics era.

Growth of data eases the way to access the world but requires increasing amounts of energy to store and process. Neuromorphic electronics has emerged in the last decade, inspired by biological neurons and synapses, with in-memory computing ability, extenuating the 'von Neumann bottleneck' between the memory and processor and offering a promising solution to reduce the efforts both in data storage and processing, thanks to their multi-bit non-volatility, biology-emulated characteristics, and silicon compatibility. This work reviews the recent advances in emerging memristive devices for artificial neuron and synapse applications, including memory and data-processing ability: the physics and characteristics are discussed first, , valence changing, electrochemical metallization, phase changing, interfaced-controlling, charge-trapping, ferroelectric tunnelling, and spin-transfer torquing.

Resistive random access memory: introduction to device mechanism, materials and application to neuromorphic computing.

The modern-day computing technologies are continuously undergoing a rapid changing landscape; thus, the demands of new memory types are growing that will be fast, energy efficient and durable. The limited scaling capabilities of the conventional memory technologies are pushing the limits of data-intense applications beyond the scope of silicon-based complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS). Resistive random access memory (RRAM) is one of the most suitable emerging memory technologies candidates that have demonstrated potential to replace state-of-the-art integrated electronic devices for advanced computing and digital and analog circuit applications including neuromorphic networks.

Concurrent Trypanosomosis, Babesiosis and Toxocarosis in a Dog: a Case Report.

Background: Among the blood-borne parasitic infections of dogs, trypanosomosis and babesiosis are highly prevalent in the Indian subcontinent and highly pathogenic.

Methods: A six-month-old dog was presented with complaint of lethargy, anorexia and loss of body weight over the previous 15 days on October 11, 2021. A full clinical and targeted haematologic and parasitological examination was undertaken.

Practice Patterns and Management Protocols in Trauma across Indian Settings: A Nationwide Cross-sectional Survey.

Background: Trauma is the leading cause of death in India resulting in a significant public health burden. Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine (ISCCM) has established a trauma network committee to understand current practices and identify the gaps and challenges in trauma management in Indian settings.

Material And Methods: An online survey-based, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with high-priority research questions based on hospital profile, resource availability, and trauma management protocols.

Inflammation-based scores as predictors of treatment response in advanced adrenocortical carcinoma.

Treatment for advanced adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) consists of mitotane alone or combined with etoposide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (EDP). Although both therapies are widely used, markers of response are still lacking. Since inflammation-based scores have been proposed as prognostic factors in ACC, we aimed to investigate their role in predicting the response to first-line chemotherapy.

Structural and functional outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy in patients with lamellar macular hole.

Purpose: To investigate the short-term functional and microstructural outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) without gas tamponade in lamellar macular holes (LH).

Materials And Methods: In this prospective case series, LH cases diagnosed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) underwent PPV with epiretinal membrane (ERM) removal and internal limiting membrane peeling without gas tamponade. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and OCT imaging preoperatively and 3 months after the surgery.

Comparative study of intubating conditions and hemodynamic changes during awake fiber-optic intubation using midazolam with fentanyl versus dexmedetomidine in cases of difficult airway.

Background: The aim of the study is to compare intubating conditions and hemodynamic changes during awake fiber-optic intubation (AFOI) using midazolam and fentanyl versus dexmedetomidine in cases of difficult airway.

Materials And Methods: A randomized prospective study was conducted in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, with a total of 60 patients, 18-55 years of age, ASA class I-II, of either sex with anticipated difficult airway planned for elective surgery. They were divided into two groups; group I patients received 1 μg/kg of dexmedetomidine and then an infusion of 0.

Conductive Bridge Random Access Memory (CBRAM): Challenges and Opportunities for Memory and Neuromorphic Computing Applications.

Due to a rapid increase in the amount of data, there is a huge demand for the development of new memory technologies as well as emerging computing systems for high-density memory storage and efficient computing. As the conventional transistor-based storage devices and computing systems are approaching their scaling and technical limits, extensive research on emerging technologies is becoming more and more important. Among other emerging technologies, CBRAM offers excellent opportunities for future memory and neuromorphic computing applications.

Sepsis in Critically Ill Patients: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Role of Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry for Identification of Sepsis-Causing Organisms.

Background Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a rapid mass spectrometry technology for species identification. It is a useful, fast, and accurate tool for routine laboratory analysis. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of sepsis-causing organisms in patients admitted to tertiary-level intensive care units (ICU), the role of MALDI-TOF MS in species identification, and patients' clinical outcomes.