Secondary metabolites from Penicillium sp. HS-11, a fungal endophyte of Huperzia serrata.

Three new sorbicillinoids sorbicatechols E-G (1-3), along with seven known compounds 4-10, were obtained from the ethanol extract of Penicillium sp. HS-11, a fungal endophyte of the medicinal plant Huperzia serrata. The structures of 1-3 were established by detailed interpretation of the spectroscopic data and their absolute configurations were established by comparative analyses of the ECD spectra.

Bioassay-guided isolation and characterisation of α-glucosidase inhibitors from .

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the isopropanol extract of the medicinal mushroom led to the isolation and characterisation of a new acorane-type sesquiterpenoid bauminene () and seven known compounds -. The planar structure of was elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. The relative configuration of was determined by a combination of ROESY experiment, density functional theory calculation of C NMR, and DP4+ probability analysis, while the absolute configuration of was established by comparative electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra analysis.

Effects of tetracycline on the secondary metabolites and nutritional value of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.).

Secondary metabolism, which helps a plant cope with external stress, is sensitive to environmental changes and plays a prominent role in maintaining plant health. However, few studies of the effects of tetracycline on the relationships between secondary metabolism and plant stress responses have been performed. Here, secondary metabolism, nutritional value, and oxidative stress responses in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.

α-Glucosidase and Bacterial β-Glucuronidase Inhibitors from the Stems of Staph.

α-Glucosidase (AGS) is a therapeutic target for Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) that tends to complicate with other diseases. Some medications for the treatment of T2DM complications have the risk of inducing severe adverse reactions such as diarrhea via the metabolism of intestinal bacterial β-glucuronidase (BGUS). The development of new AGS and/or BGUS inhibitors may improve the therapeutic effects of T2DM and its complications.

Ultrasound-assisted aqueous two-phase extraction of total flavonoids from and antioxidant activity of extracted flavonoids.

Here, the extraction of total flavonoids from (TF) by aqueous two-phase extraction combined with ultrasound is presented. The extraction was optimized via a single-variable approach using the variables of mass fraction of ethanol and NaHPO, ultrasonication time, and TF sample amount. Response surface methodology (RSM) was then applied to determine the best conditions for extraction using the following three key parameters: ultrasonication time, ethanol mass fraction, and NaHPO mass fraction.

Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from the stems of .

Chemical investigation into the stems of the medicinal plant led to the isolation and identification of a new dibenzocyclooctadiene lignan sphaerandrin A () and 11 known ones gomisin B (), schirubrisin B (), kadsuphilin B (), schizandrin (), benzoylgomisin Q (), angeloylgomisin Q (), gomisin G (), schisanwilsonin O (), isogomisin O (), schisantherin D (), and wuweizisu C (). The structure of the new compound was elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic methods including 1 D/2D NMR, HRESIMS, and CD spectrometry. To the best of our knowledge, compounds - were obtained from this species for the first time.

Preparation, characterization, and antibacterial properties of biofilms comprising chitosan and ε-polylysine.

Of late, the demand for food-packaging materials, in particular, multifunction packaging materials that are biodegradable; antibacterial; have good mechanical and barrier properties; and are edible and transparent, has increased considerably. In this study, we prepared chitosan (CS)/ε-polylysine (PL) biofilms with different CS-to-PL ratios. We studied the preparation, mechanical properties, microstructures, thermal stability, transparency, water-vapor permeability, oil permeability, and antibacterial properties of the composite CS/PL biofilms.

[Effects of single and co-exposure of Cu and chlorpyrifos on the toxicity of earthworm].

Combined pollution of heavy metal and pesticide had posed a serious threat to soil ecology and human living environment. As two common types of pollutants in soil environment, the environmental effects of combined pollution of Cu and chlorpyrifos are worth for attention. The acute lethal effects and avoiding behavior of single and co-exposure of Cu and chlorpyrifos on earthworms were analyzed by using the methods of standard OECD filter paper test and artificial soil test.

[Cellular response of freshwater green algae to the toxicity of tetracycline antibiotics].

Tetracycline antibiotics are a group of antibiotics which has been extensively used in most countries and are also the most widely used veterinary drugs and food additives in aquaculture and livestock industries of China. Because the substances are poorly adsorbed in the gut of animals and are only partially eliminated in sewage treatment plants, the antibiotics and their metabolites reach surface water where they may affect the aquatic organisms and human health. Herein, using green algae as test organisms, we studied the effects of tetracycline (TC), chlortetracycline (CTC) and deoxyteracycline (DC) on the cell permeability and growth inhibition of Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus obliquus.

Diterpenoids and a diarylheptanoid from Hedychium coronarium with significant anti-angiogenic and cytotoxic activities.

Two new labdane diterpenoids, namely hedycoronals A and B (1 and 2, resp.), were isolated from the rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium, together with eight known diterpenoids, 4-11, and a known diarylheptanoid, 3. The structures of 1 and 2 were established by detailed interpretation of their 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra and HR-ESI-MS data.