Precisely Engineered Nitrogen Dopants in Pd/NC Catalysts: Synergistic Pyridinic-Pyrrolic-Graphitic Triad for Alkaline Methanol Electrooxidation.

Despite nitrogen-doped carbons (NC) enhancing metal-support interactions (MSI) in electrocatalysts, how specific N-configurations (pyridinic, pyrrolic, and graphitic) synergistically govern methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) pathways over Pd surfaces remains unknown. Herein, we hypothesize that precise thermal programming of ZIF-8 pyrolysis can tailor synergistic pyridinic-pyrrolic-graphitic N-triads to simultaneously enhance activity, CO tolerance, and stability. Guided by DFT predictions, Pd/NC- catalysts ( = 700-1100) were synthesized, where in situ pyrolysis controls N-configurations (validated by XPS) and wet impregnation immobilizes ultrafine Pd nanoparticles (3.

Spin-polarized self-trapped excitons in low-dimensional cesium copper halide.

Spin polarized excitons induced by spin injection from magnetic ion to a single quantum dot, has been considered as a basic unit of quantum information transfer between spin and photon for spin-photonic applications. However, this state-of-the-art technology has only been found with limited coupling strength and weak excitonic emission. Here, we demonstrate a spin-polarized self-trapped exciton naturally formed in the zero-dimensional lattice of cesium copper iodide.

Case Report: Two children with factor XII deficiency caused by novel compound heterozygous variants.

Background: Factor XII (FXII) deficiency (OMIM 234000) is a rare hereditary coagulation disorder caused by pathogenic variants within the gene. It causes prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time without bleeding diathesis. Most patients have no obvious clinical symptoms, so the disease is difficult to be detected.

One-step 3D shrinking method to prepare robust and multifunctional flexible strain sensor with brain cortex-like wrinkled structured.

At the current stage of rapid development in flexible electronics technology, flexible strain sensors face the challenge of integrating multiple functions while maintaining high sensitivity, a wide strain response range, and stable sensing performance in complex and harsh environments. In response to this challenge, we propose a facile and transfer-free one-step 3D-shrinking approach inspired by the wrinkled structure of the brain cortex. This method involves spraying a uniform conductive layer onto a pre-inflated latex balloon and gradually releasing the air, which induces the formation of an intertwined, meandering conductive layer that resembles a brain cortex-like wrinkled structure.

Enhanced electro-catalysis for methanol oxidation reaction performance by edge defects of ordered mesoporous carbon.

Heteroatom-doped carbon materials are widely used to improve the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol; however, the underlying mechanisms driving this enhancement remain poorly understood. A major challenge lies in developing non-doped carbon supports with tunable intrinsic defect types tailored for metal-based catalysts. In this study, we synthesize a series of ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) supports with adjustable edge defect densities by varying roasting temperatures and employing a zinc (Zn) evaporation strategy to systematically investigate the impact of edge defects on methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) performance.

Enhancing small target traffic sign detection with ML_SAP in YOLOv5s.

Detecting small traffic signs poses significant challenges due to the complex nature and dynamic conditions of real-world traffic scenarios. In response to these challenges, we propose an improved YOLOv5s target detection model incorporating the multilevel squeeze feature perception (ML_SAP) mechanism, aiming to increase the accuracy of small traffic sign detection. First, an additional detection layer is incorporated to enhance the model's capacity for detecting small-scale traffic signs.

The Relationship Between Soluble Interleukin-17 Receptor Levels and CD3-Positive T Cells and Lymphocytes in Patients with Sepsis and Their Predictive Clinical Significance.

Background: To assess the relationship between soluble interleukin-17 receptor (sIL-7R) levels and CD3-positive t cells and lymphocytes in patients with sepsis and their predictive clinical significance.

Methods: The study cohort comprised individuals diagnosed with sepsis based on the Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock, treated in the emergency and critical care medicine departments at Beijing Chuiyangliu Hospital and Baoding No. 1 Central Hospital between December 2020 and June 2022.

Insights into the roles of nitrogen and phosphorus co-doping for efficient methanol electrooxidation.

Anchoring Pt onto multi-heteroatom doped carbon materials has been recognized as an effective approach to improve the performance of electrocatalytic methanol oxidation. However, distinct contributions and specific behavior mechanisms of different heteroatoms, notably N and P, the specific behavior mechanisms in synergistically promoting Pt NPs remain elusive. In this work, we construct 1D N and P co-doped carbon nanotube (N, P-CNTs) supports with abundant defect anchors for Pt.

Enhancing heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysis through pyrrolidine modification of FeO-CuO composites with oxygen-vacancy defects.

Enhancing the generation of reactive hydroxyl radicals (•OH) is crucial for overcoming the limitations of the low reactivity of heterogeneous Fenton Fe-based catalysts. Researchers have explored various methods to modify catalyst structures to enhance reactivity, yet often at the expense of stability. Herein, suitable carbon and nitrogen-codoped FeO-CuO composites were synthesized via pyrolysis method, demonstrating high Fenton reaction activity and remarkable stability.

CircFgfr2 promotes osteogenic differentiation of rat dental follicle cells by targeting the miR-133a-3p/DLX3 signaling pathway.

Dental follicle cells (DFCs) promote bone regeneration and Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play crucial roles in bone development and regeneration. Our previous study demonstrated the upregulation of circFgfr2 expression during the osteogenic differentiation of DFCs. However, the molecular mechanisms and functional roles of circFgfr2 in DFCs osteogenesis remain unclear.

Insights on the Roles of Nitrogen Configuration in Enhancing the Performance of Electrocatalytic Methanol Oxidation over Pt Nanoparticles.

Stabilization of the Pt in N-doped carbon materials is an effective method to improve the performance of electrocatalytic methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). Nevertheless, the roles of different N configurations (pyridinic N, pyrrolic N, and graphitic N) toward the electrochemical performance of Pt-based catalysts remain unclear. Herein, Density Functional Theory calculations are adopted to elucidate the synergistic promotion of MOR by different N-configurations with Pt nanoparticles (NPs).

Topographic Cues of a PLGA Scaffold Promote Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells through the YAP/β-Catenin Signaling Axis.

Purpose: The underlying mechanism of how topographic cues of artificial scaffolds regulate cell function remains poorly understood. Yes-associated protein (YAP) and β-catenin signaling have both been reported to play important roles in mechano-transduction and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) differentiation. We investigated the effects of YAP and β-catenin in spontaneous odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs induced by topographic cues of a poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA) membrane.

Carbon-Supported PdCu Alloy as Extraordinary Electrocatalysts for Methanol Electrooxidation in Alkaline Direct Methanol Fuel Cells.

Palladium (Pd) nanostructures are highly active non-platinum anodic electrocatalysts in alkaline direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), and their electrocatalytic performance relies highly on their morphology and composition. This study reports the preparation, characterizations, and electrocatalytic properties of palladium-copper alloys loaded on the carbon support. XC-72 was used as a support, and hydrazine hydrate served as a reducing agent.

Synthesis and Applications of TiO -based Nanostructures as Photocatalytic Materials.

TiO photocatalysis, as an energy-saving, high-efficiency and green technology, has a wide range of applications in sewage treatment, cancer treatment, hydrogen production, photocatalytic CO reduction and photocatalytic sensors. However, the large band width (E =3.2 eV) of TiO material hinders its practical application, which in turn leads to low visible-light utilization and low quantum yield.

Low-temperature N-anchored ordered PtCo intermetallic nanoparticles as electrocatalysts for methanol oxidation reaction.

To enhance nanocatalyst performance and durability for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) in a direct methanol fuel cell, small-sized (2.1 nm) and structurally ordered PtCo intermetallic nanoparticles are uniformly anchored onto nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) a low-temperature N-anchoring method, and the N-doping abilities of different N-containing reagents are compared. After investigating the microstructure of PtCo/N-CNTs and evaluating their catalytic activity for the MOR, the results show that N-doping facilitates the uniform loading of PtCo NPs and plays a crucial role in improving the electrocatalytic activity of PtCo NPs supported on CNTs.

Synergistic luminescent thermometer using co-doped CaGdSbO:Mn/(Eu or Sm) phosphors.

Luminescent thermometers provide a non-contact method of probing temperature with high sensitivity and response speed at the nanoscale. Synergistic photoluminescence from different activators can realize high sensitivity for luminescent thermometers by finely selecting ions with specific crystallographic sites. Herein, the more temperature-sensitive Mn and the less-sensitive Eu (or Sm) activators are co-doped into a CaGdSbO matrix to form an effective thermometer, where Mn and Eu (or Sm) ions occupy the Sb and Gd sites, respectively.

Multiobjective Evaluation of Amine-Based Absorbents for SO Capture Process Using the p Mathematical Model.

The screening of high-efficiency and low-energy consumption absorbents is critical for capturing SO. In this study, absorbents with better performance are screened based on mechanism, model, calculation, verification, and analysis methods. The acidity coefficient (p ) values of ethylenediamine (EDA), piperazine (PZ), 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine (HEP), 1,4-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine (DIHEP), and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(2-hydroxypropyl)piperazine (HEHPP) are calculated by quantum chemical methods.

Novel Short Process for -Xylene Production Based on the Selectivity Intensification of Toluene Methylation with Methanol.

Toluene methylation using methanol offers a high potential molecular engineering process to produce -xylene (PX) based on shape-selective catalysts. To further improve the process economics, a novel short process was proposed by reducing the high-energy consumption separation of xylene isomers in existing processes since the PX selectivity of the xylene isomers can be enhanced more than the industrial product quality of 99.7%.

Local Structure Modulation-Induced Highly Efficient Red-Emitting BaGdYNbO:Mn Phosphors for Warm WLEDs.

Modulating the crystal field environment around the emitting ions is an effective strategy to improve the luminescence performance of the practical effective phosphor materials. Here, smaller Y ions are introduced into substituting the Gd sites in BaGdNbO:Mn phosphor to modify the optical properties, including the enhanced luminescence intensity, redshift, and longer lifetime of the Mn ions. The substitution of smaller Y ions leads to lattice contraction and then strengthens pressure on the local structure, enhances lattice rigidity, and suppresses nonradiative transition.

Study on the reaction strategy of directional alkylation fulfilled by controlling the adsorption pose of benzene and methanol in space with Ru/HZSM-5.

Background: The alkylation of benzene with methanol is an important synthetic method that is widely used in various chemical production processes. However, obtaining a high selectivity for xylene and annihilating the MTO side reaction remain challenges.

Results: In this work, a Ru/HZSM-5 catalyst was prepared using ZSM-5 as the precursor by a chemical precipitation method.

Sphingopyxis microcysteis sp. nov., a novel bioactive exopolysaccharides-bearing Sphingomonadaceae isolated from the Microcystis phycosphere.

During the study into the microbial biodiversity and bioactivity of the Microcystis phycosphere, a new yellow-pigmented, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium containing polyhydroxybutyrate granules designated as strain Z10-6 was isolated from highly-toxic Microcystis aeruginosa Kützing M.TN-2. The new isolate produces active bioflocculating exopolysaccharides.

Network Pharmacology Identifies the Mechanisms of Sang-Xing-Zhi-Ke-Fang against Pharyngitis.

Background: Sang-Xing-Zhi-Ke-Fang (SXZKF) demonstrates good therapeutic effect against pharyngitis. Nevertheless, the pharmacological mechanism underlying its effectiveness is still unclear.

Objective: To investigate the underlying mechanisms of SXZKF against pharyngitis using network pharmacology method.

Synthesis of a three-dimensional cross-linked Ni-VO nanomaterial in an ionic liquid for lithium-ion batteries.

A three-dimensional cross-linked Ni-VO nanomaterial with a particle size of 250-300 nm was successfully prepared in a 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole bromide ionic liquid (IL). The formation of this structure may follow the rule of dissolution-recrystallization and the ionic liquid, as both a dissolution and structure-directing agent, plays an important role in the formation of the material. After calcination of the precursor, the active material (Ni-VO-IL) was used as an anode for lithium-ion batteries.

Clinicopathological Significance of MTA 1 Expression in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Metastasis associated gene 1(MTA1) is one of the most deregulated molecules in human cancer and leads to cancer progression and metastasis. We performed a meta-analysis to determine the correlations between MTA1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We searched PubMed, Springer, Science Direct, Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) for relevant articles.

Ultrawideband optical cancellation of RF interference with phase change.

This work proposes a novel approach to perform optical cancellation of RF interference with any constant phase change, based on polarization-modulator-based microwave photonic phase shifters. Preliminary results validate the proposed scheme and achieve a 30-dB cancellation depth over 9.5 GHz.