Hernandezine alleviates inflammatory bowel disease by enhancing gut barrier integrity via the AMPK/NRF2 pathway and regulating immune-metabolic balance.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by chronic inflammation and impaired intestinal barrier function. Current therapeutic approaches primarily aim to suppress the overly active immune response using aminosalicylates and immunosuppressive agents, which are frequently associated with significant adverse effects. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms of Hernandezine (HER), a bioactive compound extracted from Thalictrum, using a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced murine colitis model.

Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy is a protective factor for clinical outcomes in gastric cancer patients with sarcopenia.

Purpose: Sarcopenia is common among individuals afflicted with gastric cancer (GC), and can culminate in unfavorable prognoses. Nevertheless, the efficacy of surgical interventions in GC patients with sarcopenia remains ambiguous. This study compared the prognostic value of laparoscopic and open radical gastrectomy in GC patients with sarcopenia.

Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide ameliorates skeletal muscle aging via mitochondria-associated membrane-mediated calcium homeostasis regulation.

Background: Sarcopenia, an age-related disease, is characterized by a gradual loss of muscle mass, strength, and function. It has been linked to abnormal organelle function in myotubes, including the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Recent studies revealed that mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM), the sites connecting mitochondria and the ER, may be implicated in skeletal muscle aging.

A prognostic nomogram integrating carcinoembryonic antigen levels for predicting overall survival in elderly patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer.

Background: With the aging of the population, colorectal surgeons will have to face more elderly colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in the future. We aim to analyze independent risk factors affecting overall survival in elderly (age ≥65 years) patients with stage II-III CRC and construct a nomogram to predict patient survival.

Methods: A total of 3,016 elderly CRC patients with stage II-III were obtained from the SEER database.

Predictive value of Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition criteria combined with handgrip strength for postoperative outcomes in overweight colorectal cancer patients.

Background And Aim: The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria are increasingly used to assess the nutritional status of hospitalized patients and predict the prognosis of patients with malignant tumors; however, malnutrition is often overlooked in overweight individuals, such as colorectal cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the GLIM criteria combined with handgrip strength (HGS) in overweight colorectal cancer patients.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled overweight patients who underwent radical resection for colorectal cancer at two centers between 2015 and 2021.

Establishment and validation of novel nomograms to predict muscle quality in colorectal cancer patients.

Objectives: The skeletal muscle mass index and skeletal muscle radiodensity have promise as specific diagnostic indicators for muscle quality. However, the difficulties in measuring low skeletal muscle mass index and low skeletal muscle radiodensity limit their use in routine clinical practice, impeding early screening and diagnosis. The objective of this study is to develop a nomogram that incorporates preoperative factors for predicting low skeletal muscle mass index and low skeletal muscle radiodensity.

Clinical impact of sarcopenia for overweight or obese patients with colorectal cancer.

Background: Sarcopenia, overweight and obesity are all dynamic changes in body composition, which may have a negative effect on the prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the predictive role of sarcopenia on overweight or obese patients with colorectal cancer.

Methods: We conducted an observative study on the population of overweight or obese patients with colorectal cancer who underwent curative surgeries in two centers between 2015 and 2021.

Identification of a novel immune-related transcriptional regulatory network in sarcopenia.

Background: Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in elderly individuals and has a significant adverse effect on their physical health and quality of life, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Studies have indicated that transcription factors (TFs) and the immune microenvironment play a vital role in skeletal muscle atrophy.

Methods: RNA-seq data of 40 muscle samples were downloaded from the GEO database.

A novel insight into the key gene signature associated with the immune landscape in the progression of sarcopenia.

Sarcopenia is an age-related skeletal muscle disorder that causes falls, disability and death in the elderly, but its exact mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we merged three GEO datasets into the expression profiles of 118 samples and screened 22 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as candidate genes. Pathway analysis demonstrated that the functional enrichment of DEGs is mainly in the cellular response to insulin stimulus, PPAR signaling pathway and other metabolism-related pathways.

Ginsenoside Rb1 Prevents Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Muscle Stem Cells via NF-B Pathway.

Sarcopenia, featured by the progressive loss of skeletal muscle function and mass, is associated with the impaired function of muscle stem cells (MuSCs) caused by increasing oxidative stress in senescent skeletal muscle tissue during aging. Intact function of MuSCs maintains the regenerative potential as well as the homeostasis of skeletal muscle tissues during aging. Ginsenoside Rb1, a natural compound from ginseng, exhibited the effects of antioxidation and against apoptosis.

Coexistence of GLIM-defined malnutrition and sarcopenia have negative effect on the clinical outcomes in the elderly gastric cancer patients after radical gastrectomy.

Background: Malnutrition and sarcopenia are common in elderly gastric cancer patients, which are also interrelated and affect each other. We aimed to determine the characteristics of coexistence of malnutrition and sarcopenia in the elderly gastric cancer patients and investigate the predictive roles of malnutrition and sarcopenia on clinical outcomes.

Methods: Between 2014 and 2019, a total of 742 elderly gastric cancer patients were enrolled.

Single-cell transcriptomics uncovers cellular architecture and developmental trajectories in hepatoblastoma.

Background And Aims: Hepatoblastoma (HB) is the predominant type of childhood liver cancer. Treatment options for the clinically advanced HB remain limited. We aimed to dissect the cellular and molecular basis underlying HB oncogenesis and heterogeneity at the single-cell level, which could facilitate a better understanding of HB at both the biological and clinical levels.

SFMBT1 facilitates colon cancer cell metastasis and drug resistance combined with HMG20A.

In colorectal cancer (CRC), the development of reagents that increase sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents could prevent drug resistance and improve patient survival. Scm-like with four malignant brain tumor domains 1 (SFMBT1) is up-regulated in CRC tumor tissues and cells and may be associated with drug resistance. We detected the expression of SFMBT1 in CRC tissue microarrays by immunohistochemistry.

Global leadership initiative in malnutrition (GLIM) criteria using hand-grip strength adequately predicts postoperative complications and long-term survival in patients underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Background: The present study aims to investigate whether malnutrition defined by the Global Leadership Initiative in Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria using hand-grip strength (HGS) adequately predict postoperative complications and long-term survival in patients underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer in a similar manner to GLIM-defined malnutrition using skeletal muscle index (SMI).

Methods: Patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer from August 2014 to June 2019 were included in this study. Clinical data were prospectively collected.

Nrf2 contributes to the benefits of exercise interventions on age-related skeletal muscle disorder via regulating Drp1 stability and mitochondrial fission.

The progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, also known as sarcopenia, underlies disability, increasing adverse outcomes and poor quality of life in older people. Exercise interventions are commonly recommended as the primary treatment for sarcopenia. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, mitochondrial function, and the ROS-dependent adaptations of skeletal muscle, as the response to exercise.

Prevalence of Sarcopenia and Its Effect on Postoperative Complications in Patients with Crohn's Disease.

Background And Aims: Sarcopenia is a prognostic factor of outcomes for various diseases, but reports on sarcopenia in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) are few. We aim to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and assess the role of sarcopenia in postoperative complications in patients with CD at a tertiary referral center.

Methods: Patients who underwent intestinal surgery for CD from January 2013 to October 2019 were retrospectively enrolled.

Identification of Transcription Factor-Related Gene Signature and Risk Score Model for Colon Adenocarcinoma.

The prognosis of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) remains poor. However, the specific and sensitive biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of COAD are absent. Transcription factors (TFs) are involved in many biological processes in cells.

Super-Enhancer Induced IL-20RA Promotes Proliferation/Metastasis and Immune Evasion in Colorectal Cancer.

Unveiling key oncogenic events in malignancies is the key to improving the prognosis and therapeutic outcome of malignancies. Lines of evidence have shown that super-enhancers control the expression of genes that determine the cell fate, but the oncogenic super-enhancers in colorectal cancer (CRC) and their impact on carcinogens remain largely unexplored. Here, we identified a new oncogenic super-enhancer-regulated gene, IL-20RA, in CRC.

The relationship between the GLIM-defined malnutrition, body composition and functional parameters, and clinical outcomes in elderly patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Objective: The present study aims to determine the correlations between Global Leadership Initiative in Malnutrition (GLIM)-defined malnutrition and body composition and functional parameters, and to comprehensively analyze the predictive value of GLIM-defined malnutrition for postoperative outcomes in the context of detailed measurement of body composition and functional parameters in elderly patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Methods: Elderly patients (aged ≥65 years) who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer from August 2014 to June 2019 were included. Malnutrition was diagnosed using the GLIM criteria.

Feasibility of substituting handgrip strength for muscle mass as a constituent standard in the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition for diagnosing malnutrition in patients with gastrointestinal cancers.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of substituting handgrip strength (HGS) for muscle mass as a constituent in the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) to diagnose malnourished patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer.

Methods: The study included 2209 patients diagnosed with GI cancer from two centers. All patients were evaluated for nutritional risk using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 within 24 h of admission.

RUNX1 regulates TGF-β induced migration and EMT in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) was one of the most malignant tumors worldwide due to its metastasis. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in CRC migration, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) works as a dominating cytokine in CRC EMT process. Here, we originally identified RUNX1 as an important factor among TGF-β induced EMT in CRC.

Nomogram for Predicting Central Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Two Clinical Centers.

Purpose: Central lymph node metastasis (CNM) are highly prevalent but hard to detect preoperatively in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients, while the significance of prophylactic compartment central lymph node dissection (CLND) remains controversial as a treatment option. We aim to establish a nomogram assessing risks of CNM in PTC patients, and explore whether prophylactic CLND should be recommended.

Materials And Methods: One thousand four hundred thirty-eight patients from two clinical centers that underwent thyroidectomy with CLND for PTC within the period 2016-2019 were retrospectively analyzed.